This document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It describes why such systems are required, including to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance, and initiate suppression systems. It provides a block diagram of system components, including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, as well as output devices like audible alarms and visual strobes. The document discusses various types of detectors in detail, including heat, smoke, flame, and gas detectors. It also covers conventional and addressable microprocessor-based fire alarm systems.
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It provides details on:
1) The purposes of fire detection systems which are to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance and initiate suppression systems.
2) The basic components of systems including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, and output devices like alarms and controls.
3) Different types of detectors like heat, smoke and gas detectors and their functions.
4) Factors to consider for detector placement like area size and layout.
5) Conventional and addressable microprocessor-based systems and their advantages.
6) Approvals and standards required for fire detection systems.
Why are fire detection & alarm system is required in buildings?Shubham .
Why are fire detection and alarm systems required?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the dangers of a hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational status is maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving environmental, utility & process controls
This document summarizes the components and operation of a fire alarm system, including detectors, call points, alarm devices, and the fire alarm control panel. It describes different types of detectors like smoke, heat, flame, and gas detectors. It also discusses detector placement based on area and building height. The fire alarm control panel receives signals from detectors and controls notification appliances and other systems. Battery calculations are provided to ensure the system has enough backup power.
This document summarizes the components and operation of a fire alarm system. It includes detectors like smoke, heat, and flame detectors that detect fire and send signals to the control panel. The control panel receives these signals and activates alarm devices like bells or strobes to alert occupants. It may also trigger other systems like HVAC shutdown. Detector placement depends on factors like area use and building height. Manual call points allow manual activation. The battery is sized to power the system during standby and alarm.
Building Electronics (Fire Detection and Alarm System and CCTV)Jed Concepcion
This document provides an overview of electronics engineering applications in building safety and security systems. It discusses fire detection and alarm systems, including relevant laws/standards, fire alarm signals, types of fire alarm systems, and system components like detectors, notification devices, and control panels. It also covers security camera systems, including CCTV fundamentals like cameras, lenses, transmission methods, recording devices, and IP camera anatomy. The document concludes with considerations for detector installation and a discussion of future surveillance trends focused on mobility, storage, security, connectivity and more.
The document provides an overview of fire alarm system design and components. It discusses the objectives of early fire detection to protect life and property. The key components include sensors, control panel, indicating devices, and wiring. It describes different types of heat and smoke detectors along with their specifications and placement guidelines. The document also covers other aspects like power supplies, wiring standards, sound levels of alarms, and protection of control equipment.
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It provides details on:
1) The purposes of fire detection systems which are to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance and initiate suppression systems.
2) The basic components of systems including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, and output devices like alarms and controls.
3) Different types of detectors like heat, smoke and gas detectors and their functions.
4) Factors to consider for detector placement like area size and layout.
5) Conventional and addressable microprocessor-based systems and their advantages.
6) Approvals and standards required for fire detection systems.
Why are fire detection & alarm system is required in buildings?Shubham .
Why are fire detection and alarm systems required?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the dangers of a hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational status is maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving environmental, utility & process controls
This document summarizes the components and operation of a fire alarm system, including detectors, call points, alarm devices, and the fire alarm control panel. It describes different types of detectors like smoke, heat, flame, and gas detectors. It also discusses detector placement based on area and building height. The fire alarm control panel receives signals from detectors and controls notification appliances and other systems. Battery calculations are provided to ensure the system has enough backup power.
This document summarizes the components and operation of a fire alarm system. It includes detectors like smoke, heat, and flame detectors that detect fire and send signals to the control panel. The control panel receives these signals and activates alarm devices like bells or strobes to alert occupants. It may also trigger other systems like HVAC shutdown. Detector placement depends on factors like area use and building height. Manual call points allow manual activation. The battery is sized to power the system during standby and alarm.
Building Electronics (Fire Detection and Alarm System and CCTV)Jed Concepcion
This document provides an overview of electronics engineering applications in building safety and security systems. It discusses fire detection and alarm systems, including relevant laws/standards, fire alarm signals, types of fire alarm systems, and system components like detectors, notification devices, and control panels. It also covers security camera systems, including CCTV fundamentals like cameras, lenses, transmission methods, recording devices, and IP camera anatomy. The document concludes with considerations for detector installation and a discussion of future surveillance trends focused on mobility, storage, security, connectivity and more.
The document provides an overview of fire alarm system design and components. It discusses the objectives of early fire detection to protect life and property. The key components include sensors, control panel, indicating devices, and wiring. It describes different types of heat and smoke detectors along with their specifications and placement guidelines. The document also covers other aspects like power supplies, wiring standards, sound levels of alarms, and protection of control equipment.
Fundamental training on Fire Detection & Alarm SystemSabrul Jamil
This is a basic training on Fire Detection and Alarm System, created to give my colleagues from non-engineering divisions a comprehensive brief on the system. This is most suitable for individuals with little or no technical knowledge. This training introduces the devices and the system in a whole, not how to design it.
This document discusses simplex fire alarm systems and their components. It describes how fire alarm systems can identify fires through manual or automatic detection, alert occupants to evacuate, and transmit alarm signals. The key components discussed include the network display unit for monitoring the system, various types of detectors like smoke, heat, duct and modules, manual call points, notification devices, and the fire alarm control panel for operating the system. Reasons for regular inspection, testing and maintenance of life safety systems are also provided.
The document discusses intelligent buildings and fire detection alarm systems. It defines an intelligent building as one that uses technology and processes to create a safe, healthy environment. Intelligent buildings automatically adjust features like lighting and HVAC based on environmental conditions.
The document then discusses different types of fire detectors like heat detectors, smoke detectors, and flame detectors. It explains the working principles of fixed temperature heat detectors and rate-of-rise heat detectors. Criteria for layout of fire detectors includes total area, construction type, air movement, and manufacturer guidelines. The main components of a commercial fire alarm system are manual alarm stations and automatic fire detectors.
This document discusses different types of fire alarm detectors, including:
- Optical smoke detectors that detect smoke particles scattering a light beam.
- Ionization smoke detectors that detect changes in air ionization from smoke particles.
- Heat detectors that trigger when one thermistor is exposed to higher temperatures than another reference thermistor.
- Flame detectors that are sensitive to infrared or ultraviolet radiation from flames.
- Linear heat detectors that can detect heat along their entire length to protect large areas.
- Distributed temperature sensing uses fiber optic cables to continuously monitor temperature along their length and pinpoint the location of fires.
Fire and Gas Detection System : Part 3_Technical Features, Locating Detectors...Gan Chun Chet
Fire and Gas Detection System Requirements for the Oil and Gas Industry. Offshore Platforms are also applicable for onshore plants/terminals. Safeguarding and Protective System to ensure oil and gas facilities are safe to operate.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate buildings, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms and detection, egress design, sprinklers, compartmentalization, and use of non-combustible materials. Fire alarm systems notify occupants, signal emergency responders, and control special systems. Smoke detectors and manual pull stations are common detection devices. Standpipe and sprinkler systems provide water for fire suppression.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate occupants, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms, smoke control, compartmentalization, fire barriers, and use of noncombustible materials. Standpipe and hose systems provide manual firefighting capability, while sprinkler systems automatically extinguish fires. Proper design and installation of detection, notification, and suppression systems per applicable codes helps protect life and property from fire.
Fire detectionand alarm systems 090512042400-phpapp01(1)Mohammed Ullah
Fire alarm systems serve several purposes: to notify occupants to evacuate, summon assistance, initiate suppression systems, and supervise fire control equipment. They use various detection devices like heat, smoke, and flame detectors. Alarm signals are indicated audibly and visually, and some systems transmit signals off-site to monitoring stations. Proper installation and maintenance of fire alarm equipment is important for ensuring safety and minimizing false alarms.
Ceasefire provides wireless fire alarm systems including smoke detectors, control panels, sirens, and repeaters to detect fires quickly. The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and have features like battery life indicators. The control panel collects data from various sensors and identifies events to report to monitoring stations. Wireless sirens provide loud alarms in multiple locations. Repeaters extend the range of communication between devices. Standalone alarms also quickly detect smoke with features like escape lights and long battery life.
This presentation discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It covers various types of fire detection devices including smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual pull stations. It also describes the components of a fire alarm system including control panels, initiating devices and notification appliances. The presentation discusses different types of fire alarm systems like conventional, addressable and zoned systems. It covers standards for fire alarm systems and additional functions that fire alarm systems can perform like controlling HVAC, fire doors etc.
The document discusses fire alarm sensing circuits and components. It states that fire alarm circuits must be installed according to NFPA 72 and also adhere to the NEC. It also notes that an EOL module is typically required after the last sensor to provide power supervision. Smoke detectors are required in bedrooms, hallways, and each level of a residence near stairwells. The document also discusses the two basic types of fire alarm sensors - waterflow and electrical - providing details on components like waterflow switches, air pressure switches, and heat detectors.
Fire and Gas Detection System : Part 1_The Field Devices and Its PanelsGan Chun Chet
Fire and Gas Detection System Requirements for the Oil and Gas Industry. Offshore Platforms are also applicable for onshore plants/terminals. Safeguarding and Protective System to ensure oil and gas facilities are safe to operate.
Basics of fire alarm systems and bildge alarm systems in sri lanka navy crafts. Also included spares what are using and construction of photoelectric smoke detector.
This document provides important limitations and installation precautions for an Expandable Emergency Evacuation System. It summarizes that while fire alarm systems can detect fires early, they do not ensure protection from fire damage or guarantee warning. Smoke and fire can spread in ways detectors cannot sense. Additionally, the system requires proper installation and maintenance to function correctly.
The document introduces a wireless fire alarm system that uses a control panel and smoke detectors.
1) The control panel uses RF technology for stable signals. It can power for 8 hours on backup and send alarms to up to 8 phones with the location and fire point.
2) The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and send wireless alarms. They have low power consumption and can work for 2 years on batteries.
3) The wireless system is easy to install without wiring and can send alarms over long distances to quickly notify many people of a fire.
This document discusses the components and functions of fire alarm systems. It describes the purpose of initiating devices like manual pull stations and automatic detectors that sense smoke, heat, or flames. Notification appliances including audible horns and visible strobes are also outlined. The functions of the fire alarm control panel, annunciator panels, and other components that interface with the fire alarm system are summarized. The document provides details on conventional and addressable system technology.
This document discusses fire alarm systems, including sensors, alarms, modules, fire alarm control panels, and repeater panels. It provides details on various sensor types like manual break glass sensors. It describes different alarm types like bells, sirens, and strobes. Modules discussed include control modules, monitor modules, door holders, and auto dialers. Fire alarm control panels are covered, including their functions of controlling the system, monitoring for signals, and operating devices. Addressable and conventional panel types are compared. Repeater panels are used to control and monitor distant areas linked to the main panel.
This document provides an overview and instructions for operating an automatic fire detection system at a hotel. It describes the key components of the system, including the Bosch FPA-5000 modular fire panel, intelligent addressable detectors, manual call points, and notification appliances. It explains how to install and connect the different detectors, operate the fire panel interface for bypassing zones, viewing history logs, and conducting drills and resets. The document also outlines the working principles of optical and thermal detectors and shows how to install and operate the manual call points.
Class 1 | NFPA 72 | Overview Fire Alarm Systemirfanmechengr
NFPA 72
Overview Fire Alarm System
In this video we shall discuss about concept of fire alarm system and its basic components and the importance of these systems.
Fire Alarm Control Panel
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It defines intelligent buildings and outlines key features of fire detection systems such as detecting fires early and notifying occupants. It describes the working of optical smoke alarms and different types of input devices like heat, smoke and flame detectors. The document also explains how fire alarm systems function, including output devices like sounders and beacons. Finally, it discusses factors that influence the layout and cost of commercial fire detection and alarm systems.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Fundamental training on Fire Detection & Alarm SystemSabrul Jamil
This is a basic training on Fire Detection and Alarm System, created to give my colleagues from non-engineering divisions a comprehensive brief on the system. This is most suitable for individuals with little or no technical knowledge. This training introduces the devices and the system in a whole, not how to design it.
This document discusses simplex fire alarm systems and their components. It describes how fire alarm systems can identify fires through manual or automatic detection, alert occupants to evacuate, and transmit alarm signals. The key components discussed include the network display unit for monitoring the system, various types of detectors like smoke, heat, duct and modules, manual call points, notification devices, and the fire alarm control panel for operating the system. Reasons for regular inspection, testing and maintenance of life safety systems are also provided.
The document discusses intelligent buildings and fire detection alarm systems. It defines an intelligent building as one that uses technology and processes to create a safe, healthy environment. Intelligent buildings automatically adjust features like lighting and HVAC based on environmental conditions.
The document then discusses different types of fire detectors like heat detectors, smoke detectors, and flame detectors. It explains the working principles of fixed temperature heat detectors and rate-of-rise heat detectors. Criteria for layout of fire detectors includes total area, construction type, air movement, and manufacturer guidelines. The main components of a commercial fire alarm system are manual alarm stations and automatic fire detectors.
This document discusses different types of fire alarm detectors, including:
- Optical smoke detectors that detect smoke particles scattering a light beam.
- Ionization smoke detectors that detect changes in air ionization from smoke particles.
- Heat detectors that trigger when one thermistor is exposed to higher temperatures than another reference thermistor.
- Flame detectors that are sensitive to infrared or ultraviolet radiation from flames.
- Linear heat detectors that can detect heat along their entire length to protect large areas.
- Distributed temperature sensing uses fiber optic cables to continuously monitor temperature along their length and pinpoint the location of fires.
Fire and Gas Detection System : Part 3_Technical Features, Locating Detectors...Gan Chun Chet
Fire and Gas Detection System Requirements for the Oil and Gas Industry. Offshore Platforms are also applicable for onshore plants/terminals. Safeguarding and Protective System to ensure oil and gas facilities are safe to operate.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate buildings, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms and detection, egress design, sprinklers, compartmentalization, and use of non-combustible materials. Fire alarm systems notify occupants, signal emergency responders, and control special systems. Smoke detectors and manual pull stations are common detection devices. Standpipe and sprinkler systems provide water for fire suppression.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate occupants, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms, smoke control, compartmentalization, fire barriers, and use of noncombustible materials. Standpipe and hose systems provide manual firefighting capability, while sprinkler systems automatically extinguish fires. Proper design and installation of detection, notification, and suppression systems per applicable codes helps protect life and property from fire.
Fire detectionand alarm systems 090512042400-phpapp01(1)Mohammed Ullah
Fire alarm systems serve several purposes: to notify occupants to evacuate, summon assistance, initiate suppression systems, and supervise fire control equipment. They use various detection devices like heat, smoke, and flame detectors. Alarm signals are indicated audibly and visually, and some systems transmit signals off-site to monitoring stations. Proper installation and maintenance of fire alarm equipment is important for ensuring safety and minimizing false alarms.
Ceasefire provides wireless fire alarm systems including smoke detectors, control panels, sirens, and repeaters to detect fires quickly. The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and have features like battery life indicators. The control panel collects data from various sensors and identifies events to report to monitoring stations. Wireless sirens provide loud alarms in multiple locations. Repeaters extend the range of communication between devices. Standalone alarms also quickly detect smoke with features like escape lights and long battery life.
This presentation discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It covers various types of fire detection devices including smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual pull stations. It also describes the components of a fire alarm system including control panels, initiating devices and notification appliances. The presentation discusses different types of fire alarm systems like conventional, addressable and zoned systems. It covers standards for fire alarm systems and additional functions that fire alarm systems can perform like controlling HVAC, fire doors etc.
The document discusses fire alarm sensing circuits and components. It states that fire alarm circuits must be installed according to NFPA 72 and also adhere to the NEC. It also notes that an EOL module is typically required after the last sensor to provide power supervision. Smoke detectors are required in bedrooms, hallways, and each level of a residence near stairwells. The document also discusses the two basic types of fire alarm sensors - waterflow and electrical - providing details on components like waterflow switches, air pressure switches, and heat detectors.
Fire and Gas Detection System : Part 1_The Field Devices and Its PanelsGan Chun Chet
Fire and Gas Detection System Requirements for the Oil and Gas Industry. Offshore Platforms are also applicable for onshore plants/terminals. Safeguarding and Protective System to ensure oil and gas facilities are safe to operate.
Basics of fire alarm systems and bildge alarm systems in sri lanka navy crafts. Also included spares what are using and construction of photoelectric smoke detector.
This document provides important limitations and installation precautions for an Expandable Emergency Evacuation System. It summarizes that while fire alarm systems can detect fires early, they do not ensure protection from fire damage or guarantee warning. Smoke and fire can spread in ways detectors cannot sense. Additionally, the system requires proper installation and maintenance to function correctly.
The document introduces a wireless fire alarm system that uses a control panel and smoke detectors.
1) The control panel uses RF technology for stable signals. It can power for 8 hours on backup and send alarms to up to 8 phones with the location and fire point.
2) The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and send wireless alarms. They have low power consumption and can work for 2 years on batteries.
3) The wireless system is easy to install without wiring and can send alarms over long distances to quickly notify many people of a fire.
This document discusses the components and functions of fire alarm systems. It describes the purpose of initiating devices like manual pull stations and automatic detectors that sense smoke, heat, or flames. Notification appliances including audible horns and visible strobes are also outlined. The functions of the fire alarm control panel, annunciator panels, and other components that interface with the fire alarm system are summarized. The document provides details on conventional and addressable system technology.
This document discusses fire alarm systems, including sensors, alarms, modules, fire alarm control panels, and repeater panels. It provides details on various sensor types like manual break glass sensors. It describes different alarm types like bells, sirens, and strobes. Modules discussed include control modules, monitor modules, door holders, and auto dialers. Fire alarm control panels are covered, including their functions of controlling the system, monitoring for signals, and operating devices. Addressable and conventional panel types are compared. Repeater panels are used to control and monitor distant areas linked to the main panel.
This document provides an overview and instructions for operating an automatic fire detection system at a hotel. It describes the key components of the system, including the Bosch FPA-5000 modular fire panel, intelligent addressable detectors, manual call points, and notification appliances. It explains how to install and connect the different detectors, operate the fire panel interface for bypassing zones, viewing history logs, and conducting drills and resets. The document also outlines the working principles of optical and thermal detectors and shows how to install and operate the manual call points.
Class 1 | NFPA 72 | Overview Fire Alarm Systemirfanmechengr
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Fire Alarm Control Panel
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It defines intelligent buildings and outlines key features of fire detection systems such as detecting fires early and notifying occupants. It describes the working of optical smoke alarms and different types of input devices like heat, smoke and flame detectors. The document also explains how fire alarm systems function, including output devices like sounders and beacons. Finally, it discusses factors that influence the layout and cost of commercial fire detection and alarm systems.
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1. FIRE DETECTION & ALARM SYSTEM
FIRE DETECTION & ALARM SYSTEM
RAVI SHANKAR SINGH
(E6S304)
1
2. 2
Why are fire detection and alarm systems
required?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the
dangers of a hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control
activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound
alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational
status is maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving
environmental, utility & process controls
Systems may incorporate one or all of these functions
3. Block diagram of FDA system
Block diagram of FDA system
3
Input
Devices
Output
Devices
Control
Panel
4. 4
InputDevices
Fire Box (Manual Pull Station)
When shorted trips an alarm (usually fire)
Installed in the normal exit path
Types of Fire Box
Single Action
Pull handle once
Glass Break
Glass rod or plate is broken
Double Action
Lifting of a cover or opening a door
7. Fixed temp. heat detectors
Fixed temp. heat detectors
Detect heat by one or more of 3 primary principles of physics:
Expansion of heated material
Melting of heated material
Changes in resistance of heated material
8. Rate-of-rise heat detectors
Rate-of-rise heat detectors
Operate on the principle that the temperature in a room will
increase faster from fire than from atmospheric temperature
Will initiate an alarm when the rise in temp. exceeds 12-15F (7-8C)
per minute
Alarm can be initiated at a temp. far below that required for a fixed-
temp. device
◦ Reliable devices, not subject to false activations
◦ But if not properly installed, they can be activated under non fire
conditions (eg. detector located too close to doorway and subject to
extreme fluctuations in temperatures)
Pneumatic rate-of-rise spot detector
Pneumatic rate-of-rise line detector
Thermoelectric detector
9. 9
Photoelectric smoke detector
Uses a photocell coupled with a specific light source.
Basically smoke entering the smoke detector chamber disrupts the
light beam causing an alarm signal to be initiated
More sensitive to smoldering fires
1: optical chamber
2: cover
3: case moulding
4: Photodiode (detector)
5: infrared LED
11. 11
Ionization smoke detector
Invisible products of combustion enter the chamber
decreasing the current between the –ve & +ve plates, thereby
initiating an alarm signal.
Generally responds faster to flaming fires versus smoldering
fires
Automatically resets when the atmosphere clears
12. Fire-gas detectors
Fire-gas detectors
Monitors levels of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
(common to all fires)
More discriminating than other detectors – can be designed to
be sensitive only to gases produced by specific types of hostile
fires and ignores gases produced by friendly fires
Not many in use – very specialized applications
13. Combination detectors
Combination detectors
Single device can be designed to have more than 1 function eg.
heat/smoke, smoke/carbon monoxide detectors
Different combination make the detectors more versatile and
more responsive to fire conditions
14. 14
S.No PLANT AREA TYPE OF DETECTORS
1. Main control room, Computer
room, Electronic cubicle
room and control rooms in
outlying areas.
Combination of -
Ionisation smoke detector
Optical type smoke detector
2. Switchgear rooms in main
Plant and outlying areas,
battery charger room, record
and shift-in-charge engineers
room
Ionisation type smoke detector.
3. Office rooms / storage rooms Ionisation type smoke detector
4. Battery rooms and
chemically corrosive areas.
Corrosion resistant, Rate of rise of temperature heat
detector with fixed temperature setting.
5. Cable gallery Combination of Optical type smoke detectors and Linear
heat sensor running above all HV and LV power cable trays.
Unless the vertical distance between cable tray is less than
500 mm in which case alternate trays (in addition to the top
and bottom trays). The optical smoke detector and LHS
detectors along with necessary number of interface units in
the cable gallery will be cross zoned to actuate the water
spray system
6. Station building / Plant area Infrared flame detectors (where oil tanks are located), spray
tanks rate of rise of temp. detector with fixed element
Selection of Detectors for different Area
15. 15
7. Coal Conveyors Analogue Linear heat sensor cable, infra red spark / ember
detectors and manual call points. If water spray system is
provided the LHS cable and IR detector will be cross zoned
to actuate the same
8. Dusty areas in coal handling
plants like crusher house
Flame proof manual call points
9. Junction towers Flame proof heat detectors, flame proof manual call points
10. Conveyor tunnels Flame proof infrared detectors, flame proof MCPs, LHS
cables
11. Hazardous plant areas such
as fuel oil / lube oil, DG
houses, H2 generating plants
and hydrogen storage areas.
Flame proof rate of rise of temperature detector with fixed
element and flame proof MCP
16. 16
Audible Output Devices
An audible alarm signal lets people know the
alarm system has been activated
Devices may be mounted inside or outside
based on level of protection required
May consist of:
Sirens
Bells
Buzzers
Horns
Voice Drivers
Output Devices
17. 17
Visual OutputDevices
A visual signal lets users know the status of
the alarm system if activated
Visual devices may be mounted inside or
outside
May consist of...
Strobe lights
LED’s
On / Off site printer
Output Devices
18. 18
Criteria to determine layout of the fire detectors
The design, construction and operational features of all types of
detectors shall be in accordance with relevant standards.
The number of fire detectors to be installed is governed by
total area to be protected
type of building construction
air movement & air velocity
ceiling obstructions
concentration of equipment in the area covered
sensitivity required
Area is divided into zones to be protected
The zones of individual detectors should overlap and no blind zone
should be left.
19. 19
Areas above false ceiling and below false flooring shall be
considered as separate zones.
Under ideal conditions of smooth ceiling and average room size, one
detector is recommended to protect the area.
Ionisation type detectors should be located where the largest
combustible gas concentration can be expected.
In the air conditioned areas both ionisation and optical type smoke
detectors are used.
Detectors must always installed at the highest point of the ceiling
and minimum coverage indicated by manufacture shall be
considered.
The number of detectors and their location should be so selected that
complete coverage is obtained
20. 20
Initial quantity estimation of smoke / heat detectors
35 to 40 sq.m per detector for general application.
20 to 25 sq.m per detector for main control room, electronic
cubicle room, computer room, etc., in view of high valve
concentration
The exact requirement shall calculated based on relevant
IS/NFPA standard
21. TYPES OF FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM
TYPES OF FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM
A. Conventional FDA System
C. µ-P Based Addressable FDA System
21
22. CONVENTIONAL FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM
CONVENTIONAL FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM
Conventional fire sensors and manual call points shall provide for continuous
surveillance the area.
Main fire alarm panel shall derive signals from the zone indicating panels and
audible and visual annunciation shall be provided in the event of fire.
Repeater panel shall be located in security house / fire station to alert fire
fighting / security personnel.
Fire detectors shall be selected depending on the type of fire expected in a
particular area.
22
23. 23
All the fire alarm circuits shall be of modular design using
electronic printed card circuits to facilitate easy replacement.
The system design shall be such that operation / resetting of
alarms for one zone / detector will not block availability of alarm
for any other zone.
the alarm / system resetting shall be by common push button and
not by individual switches for different zones / detectors.
24. 24
Addressable Fire Detection & Alarm
System
It is an automatic fire detection & alarm system consists of fire
detectors & manual call points positioned in Zones/ loop through
out a building(Area).
These are wired to control & indicating equipment which shows
the location of alarm call, & actuates audible alarm sounders.
Industrial/ Non Industrial Buildings
Institutional Buildings
Residential Apartments
Hotel & Hospitals
All Industries
Mall & Multi Storied Complexes
Offices & Control Rooms
25. 25
Addressable µ-P based FDA system
Addressable I/P devices
Addressable O/P devices
Control panel
Constant power supply
Emergency Battery supply
26. 26
Microprocessor Based control Panel
Processor(CPU)
Adequate number of loop modules for detector loops
A coloured VDU monitor with keyboard
Output modules for alarm
Output control & interlocks
Communication modules for interfacing
27. 27
Continuous supervision of the detector connecting lines, individual
detector performance / operation and disconnection / removal of
detectors.
Discrimination between a real fire and false fire conditions by
incorporating signal verification and other features.
Individual detector addressing capability.
Detection of over / under sensitive detectors and automatic calibration by
increasing or decreasing their sensitivity levels based on environmental
conditions like air movement, fumes, humidity, etc.
Pre-alarm in case of any detector / detectors requiring maintenance.
Facility shall be provided for alteration programme according to needs.
BENEFITS OF µ-P BASED ADDRESSABLE FDA
SYSTEM
28. CLEARANCE AND APPROVALS
CLEARANCE AND APPROVALS
All detectors and sensors shall be approved by any of the
following bodies as applicable :
A. Under writers’ Laboratories (UL) – USA
B. Fire Officers Committee (FOC) – UK
C. Any other internationally recognised body acceptable to
Purchaser / Consultant. Approval certificates shall be
furnished with the bid.
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29. The Contractor shall be solely responsible for obtaining the
required approval and clearance for the different components
and systems of the fire detection and alarm system from the
following authorities as applicable.
A. Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC) of the Insurance Association of
India.
B. Dept. of Atomic Energy (DAE) Certification of safety from
radioactivity.
C. Central Building Research Institute (CBRL), Roorkee
D. Central Mining Research Station (CMRS), Dhanbad.
E. Local Fire Authority.
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30. SOME APPLICABLE STANDARDS
SOME APPLICABLE STANDARDS
Code of practice for selection, installation & maintenance of
automatic fire alarm & detection system-IS-2189,BS-5839
PART1,ANSI-NFPA-72,FOC RULES
Code of practice for fire safety of buildings - IS-1646
Smoke detectors for use in automatic fire alarm system-IS-11360,
BS-5445 PART-7, ANSI-UL268
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