This document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It describes why such systems are required, including to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance, and initiate suppression systems. It provides a block diagram of system components, including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, as well as output devices like audible alarms and visual strobes. The document discusses various types of detectors in detail, including heat, smoke, flame, and gas detectors. It also covers conventional and addressable microprocessor-based fire alarm systems.
Why are fire detection & alarm system is required in buildings?Shubham .
Why are fire detection and alarm systems required?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the dangers of a hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational status is maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving environmental, utility & process controls
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It provides details on:
1) The purposes of fire detection systems which are to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance and initiate suppression systems.
2) The basic components of systems including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, and output devices like alarms and controls.
3) Different types of detectors like heat, smoke and gas detectors and their functions.
4) Factors to consider for detector placement like area size and layout.
5) Conventional and addressable microprocessor-based systems and their advantages.
6) Approvals and standards required for fire detection systems.
The document discusses intelligent buildings and fire detection alarm systems. It defines an intelligent building as one that uses technology and processes to create a safe, healthy environment. Intelligent buildings automatically adjust features like lighting and HVAC based on environmental conditions.
The document then discusses different types of fire detectors like heat detectors, smoke detectors, and flame detectors. It explains the working principles of fixed temperature heat detectors and rate-of-rise heat detectors. Criteria for layout of fire detectors includes total area, construction type, air movement, and manufacturer guidelines. The main components of a commercial fire alarm system are manual alarm stations and automatic fire detectors.
This document discusses fire alarm systems, including sensors, alarms, modules, fire alarm control panels, and repeater panels. It provides details on various sensor types like manual break glass sensors. It describes different alarm types like bells, sirens, and strobes. Modules discussed include control modules, monitor modules, door holders, and auto dialers. Fire alarm control panels are covered, including their functions of controlling the system, monitoring for signals, and operating devices. Addressable and conventional panel types are compared. Repeater panels are used to control and monitor distant areas linked to the main panel.
Fire detectionand alarm systems 090512042400-phpapp01(1)Mohammed Ullah
Fire alarm systems serve several purposes: to notify occupants to evacuate, summon assistance, initiate suppression systems, and supervise fire control equipment. They use various detection devices like heat, smoke, and flame detectors. Alarm signals are indicated audibly and visually, and some systems transmit signals off-site to monitoring stations. Proper installation and maintenance of fire alarm equipment is important for ensuring safety and minimizing false alarms.
This document discusses different types of fire alarm detectors, including:
- Optical smoke detectors that detect smoke particles scattering a light beam.
- Ionization smoke detectors that detect changes in air ionization from smoke particles.
- Heat detectors that trigger when one thermistor is exposed to higher temperatures than another reference thermistor.
- Flame detectors that are sensitive to infrared or ultraviolet radiation from flames.
- Linear heat detectors that can detect heat along their entire length to protect large areas.
- Distributed temperature sensing uses fiber optic cables to continuously monitor temperature along their length and pinpoint the location of fires.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate buildings, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms and detection, egress design, sprinklers, compartmentalization, and use of non-combustible materials. Fire alarm systems notify occupants, signal emergency responders, and control special systems. Smoke detectors and manual pull stations are common detection devices. Standpipe and sprinkler systems provide water for fire suppression.
This document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It describes why such systems are required, including to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance, and initiate suppression systems. It provides a block diagram of system components, including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, as well as output devices like audible alarms and visual strobes. The document discusses various types of detectors in detail, including heat, smoke, flame, and gas detectors. It also covers conventional and addressable microprocessor-based fire alarm systems.
Why are fire detection & alarm system is required in buildings?Shubham .
Why are fire detection and alarm systems required?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the dangers of a hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational status is maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving environmental, utility & process controls
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It provides details on:
1) The purposes of fire detection systems which are to detect fires, notify occupants, summon assistance and initiate suppression systems.
2) The basic components of systems including input devices like manual pull stations and detectors, and output devices like alarms and controls.
3) Different types of detectors like heat, smoke and gas detectors and their functions.
4) Factors to consider for detector placement like area size and layout.
5) Conventional and addressable microprocessor-based systems and their advantages.
6) Approvals and standards required for fire detection systems.
The document discusses intelligent buildings and fire detection alarm systems. It defines an intelligent building as one that uses technology and processes to create a safe, healthy environment. Intelligent buildings automatically adjust features like lighting and HVAC based on environmental conditions.
The document then discusses different types of fire detectors like heat detectors, smoke detectors, and flame detectors. It explains the working principles of fixed temperature heat detectors and rate-of-rise heat detectors. Criteria for layout of fire detectors includes total area, construction type, air movement, and manufacturer guidelines. The main components of a commercial fire alarm system are manual alarm stations and automatic fire detectors.
This document discusses fire alarm systems, including sensors, alarms, modules, fire alarm control panels, and repeater panels. It provides details on various sensor types like manual break glass sensors. It describes different alarm types like bells, sirens, and strobes. Modules discussed include control modules, monitor modules, door holders, and auto dialers. Fire alarm control panels are covered, including their functions of controlling the system, monitoring for signals, and operating devices. Addressable and conventional panel types are compared. Repeater panels are used to control and monitor distant areas linked to the main panel.
Fire detectionand alarm systems 090512042400-phpapp01(1)Mohammed Ullah
Fire alarm systems serve several purposes: to notify occupants to evacuate, summon assistance, initiate suppression systems, and supervise fire control equipment. They use various detection devices like heat, smoke, and flame detectors. Alarm signals are indicated audibly and visually, and some systems transmit signals off-site to monitoring stations. Proper installation and maintenance of fire alarm equipment is important for ensuring safety and minimizing false alarms.
This document discusses different types of fire alarm detectors, including:
- Optical smoke detectors that detect smoke particles scattering a light beam.
- Ionization smoke detectors that detect changes in air ionization from smoke particles.
- Heat detectors that trigger when one thermistor is exposed to higher temperatures than another reference thermistor.
- Flame detectors that are sensitive to infrared or ultraviolet radiation from flames.
- Linear heat detectors that can detect heat along their entire length to protect large areas.
- Distributed temperature sensing uses fiber optic cables to continuously monitor temperature along their length and pinpoint the location of fires.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate buildings, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms and detection, egress design, sprinklers, compartmentalization, and use of non-combustible materials. Fire alarm systems notify occupants, signal emergency responders, and control special systems. Smoke detectors and manual pull stations are common detection devices. Standpipe and sprinkler systems provide water for fire suppression.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate occupants, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms, smoke control, compartmentalization, fire barriers, and use of noncombustible materials. Standpipe and hose systems provide manual firefighting capability, while sprinkler systems automatically extinguish fires. Proper design and installation of detection, notification, and suppression systems per applicable codes helps protect life and property from fire.
Building Electronics (Fire Detection and Alarm System and CCTV)Jed Concepcion
This document provides an overview of electronics engineering applications in building safety and security systems. It discusses fire detection and alarm systems, including relevant laws/standards, fire alarm signals, types of fire alarm systems, and system components like detectors, notification devices, and control panels. It also covers security camera systems, including CCTV fundamentals like cameras, lenses, transmission methods, recording devices, and IP camera anatomy. The document concludes with considerations for detector installation and a discussion of future surveillance trends focused on mobility, storage, security, connectivity and more.
Fundamental training on Fire Detection & Alarm SystemSabrul Jamil
This is a basic training on Fire Detection and Alarm System, created to give my colleagues from non-engineering divisions a comprehensive brief on the system. This is most suitable for individuals with little or no technical knowledge. This training introduces the devices and the system in a whole, not how to design it.
Class 1 | NFPA 72 | Overview Fire Alarm Systemirfanmechengr
NFPA 72
Overview Fire Alarm System
In this video we shall discuss about concept of fire alarm system and its basic components and the importance of these systems.
Fire Alarm Control Panel
This document discusses simplex fire alarm systems and their components. It describes how fire alarm systems can identify fires through manual or automatic detection, alert occupants to evacuate, and transmit alarm signals. The key components discussed include the network display unit for monitoring the system, various types of detectors like smoke, heat, duct and modules, manual call points, notification devices, and the fire alarm control panel for operating the system. Reasons for regular inspection, testing and maintenance of life safety systems are also provided.
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It defines intelligent buildings and outlines key features of fire detection systems such as detecting fires early and notifying occupants. It describes the working of optical smoke alarms and different types of input devices like heat, smoke and flame detectors. The document also explains how fire alarm systems function, including output devices like sounders and beacons. Finally, it discusses factors that influence the layout and cost of commercial fire detection and alarm systems.
This document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It begins by defining an intelligent building and describing the key features of fire detection systems. It then covers the need for such systems to detect fires early and notify occupants. The document explains how optical smoke alarms and heat detectors work. It provides diagrams of system components and input/output devices. Finally, it discusses factors in laying out detectors and estimated costs for commercial fire alarm systems.
The document discusses fire alarm sensing circuits and components. It states that fire alarm circuits must be installed according to NFPA 72 and also adhere to the NEC. It also notes that an EOL module is typically required after the last sensor to provide power supervision. Smoke detectors are required in bedrooms, hallways, and each level of a residence near stairwells. The document also discusses the two basic types of fire alarm sensors - waterflow and electrical - providing details on components like waterflow switches, air pressure switches, and heat detectors.
Ceasefire provides wireless fire alarm systems including smoke detectors, control panels, sirens, and repeaters to detect fires quickly. The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and have features like battery life indicators. The control panel collects data from various sensors and identifies events to report to monitoring stations. Wireless sirens provide loud alarms in multiple locations. Repeaters extend the range of communication between devices. Standalone alarms also quickly detect smoke with features like escape lights and long battery life.
This presentation discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It covers various types of fire detection devices including smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual pull stations. It also describes the components of a fire alarm system including control panels, initiating devices and notification appliances. The presentation discusses different types of fire alarm systems like conventional, addressable and zoned systems. It covers standards for fire alarm systems and additional functions that fire alarm systems can perform like controlling HVAC, fire doors etc.
The document provides an overview of fire alarm system design and components. It discusses the objectives of early fire detection to protect life and property. The key components include sensors, control panel, indicating devices, and wiring. It describes different types of heat and smoke detectors along with their specifications and placement guidelines. The document also covers other aspects like power supplies, wiring standards, sound levels of alarms, and protection of control equipment.
A fire alarm panel is a central safety system that detects fires and alerts occupants. It receives signals from automatic detectors like smoke and heat detectors as well as manual pull stations. The panel then sounds alarms to notify people and alerts emergency services. An addressable panel can identify the specific device activated, while conventional panels respond to zones. Together, the panel, detectors, alarms, and safety interfaces form a integrated life-saving system.
A fire alarm panel is a central safety system that monitors fire detection devices throughout a building to detect fires and alert occupants. It receives signals from smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual pull stations, and other devices to pinpoint the location of any fires. When an alarm is activated, the panel sounds audible alarms and notifies emergency services to facilitate rapid evacuation and response. It is a critical life-safety system for commercial buildings.
Bluetooth Based Fire Detection and Robust Protection System By Using ArduinoIRJET Journal
The article discusses international issues. It mentions that globalization has increased economic interdependence between nations while also raising tensions over immigration and trade. Solutions will require cooperation and compromise between countries to balance economic and security concerns in a fair manner.
This document discusses various aspects of fire detection and firefighting, including:
1. It defines three categories of firefighting: fire protection, fire detection, and fire suppression.
2. It describes different types of fire detectors like smoke, flame, heat, and combination detectors and how they work.
3. It explains fire alarm systems, sprinkler systems, and other fire suppression systems like dry chemical and carbon dioxide systems.
Heat detectors are fire alarm devices that respond to increases in temperature rather than smoke. There are two main types: fixed temperature detectors, which activate at a predetermined temperature, and rate-of-rise detectors, which activate when the temperature rises abnormally quickly. Heat detectors use various methods to detect temperature increases, including fusible metals, heat-sensitive cables, and expansion of metals or gases. Flame detectors detect infrared, ultraviolet, or visible light emitted by fires using different sensor types like infrared and ultraviolet detectors. Fire detection systems divide areas into zones covered by detectors, manual call points, and alarm panels connected to a control center.
Fire detection and alarm systems serve several key functions: identifying developing fires, alerting occupants to evacuate, transmitting alarm signals to emergency responders. They use various detection methods including manual pull stations, automatic spot detectors that use photoelectric, ionization, heat/thermal or combination principles to quickly detect fires and activate alarms.
This document describes an automatic fire fighting system that uses various sensors to detect fire conditions and activate a response. The system uses a microcontroller to process signals from temperature, smoke, and flame sensors. If fire is detected, the microcontroller activates a firefighting pump and sends an SMS notification via a GSM module. The system provides visual status feedback through LED indicators and can help extinguish fires and alert owners remotely through wireless communication. It is designed to provide early detection of fires and an automatic response in buildings where fire hazards are high.
This document provides an overview and instructions for operating an automatic fire detection system at a hotel. It describes the key components of the system, including the Bosch FPA-5000 modular fire panel, intelligent addressable detectors, manual call points, and notification appliances. It explains how to install and connect the different detectors, operate the fire panel interface for bypassing zones, viewing history logs, and conducting drills and resets. The document also outlines the working principles of optical and thermal detectors and shows how to install and operate the manual call points.
Fire protection systems aim to prevent fires from starting, detect fires early, control smoke, safely evacuate occupants, and suppress fires. Key elements of design strategies include fire alarms, smoke control, compartmentalization, fire barriers, and use of noncombustible materials. Standpipe and hose systems provide manual firefighting capability, while sprinkler systems automatically extinguish fires. Proper design and installation of detection, notification, and suppression systems per applicable codes helps protect life and property from fire.
Building Electronics (Fire Detection and Alarm System and CCTV)Jed Concepcion
This document provides an overview of electronics engineering applications in building safety and security systems. It discusses fire detection and alarm systems, including relevant laws/standards, fire alarm signals, types of fire alarm systems, and system components like detectors, notification devices, and control panels. It also covers security camera systems, including CCTV fundamentals like cameras, lenses, transmission methods, recording devices, and IP camera anatomy. The document concludes with considerations for detector installation and a discussion of future surveillance trends focused on mobility, storage, security, connectivity and more.
Fundamental training on Fire Detection & Alarm SystemSabrul Jamil
This is a basic training on Fire Detection and Alarm System, created to give my colleagues from non-engineering divisions a comprehensive brief on the system. This is most suitable for individuals with little or no technical knowledge. This training introduces the devices and the system in a whole, not how to design it.
Class 1 | NFPA 72 | Overview Fire Alarm Systemirfanmechengr
NFPA 72
Overview Fire Alarm System
In this video we shall discuss about concept of fire alarm system and its basic components and the importance of these systems.
Fire Alarm Control Panel
This document discusses simplex fire alarm systems and their components. It describes how fire alarm systems can identify fires through manual or automatic detection, alert occupants to evacuate, and transmit alarm signals. The key components discussed include the network display unit for monitoring the system, various types of detectors like smoke, heat, duct and modules, manual call points, notification devices, and the fire alarm control panel for operating the system. Reasons for regular inspection, testing and maintenance of life safety systems are also provided.
The document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It defines intelligent buildings and outlines key features of fire detection systems such as detecting fires early and notifying occupants. It describes the working of optical smoke alarms and different types of input devices like heat, smoke and flame detectors. The document also explains how fire alarm systems function, including output devices like sounders and beacons. Finally, it discusses factors that influence the layout and cost of commercial fire detection and alarm systems.
This document discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It begins by defining an intelligent building and describing the key features of fire detection systems. It then covers the need for such systems to detect fires early and notify occupants. The document explains how optical smoke alarms and heat detectors work. It provides diagrams of system components and input/output devices. Finally, it discusses factors in laying out detectors and estimated costs for commercial fire alarm systems.
The document discusses fire alarm sensing circuits and components. It states that fire alarm circuits must be installed according to NFPA 72 and also adhere to the NEC. It also notes that an EOL module is typically required after the last sensor to provide power supervision. Smoke detectors are required in bedrooms, hallways, and each level of a residence near stairwells. The document also discusses the two basic types of fire alarm sensors - waterflow and electrical - providing details on components like waterflow switches, air pressure switches, and heat detectors.
Ceasefire provides wireless fire alarm systems including smoke detectors, control panels, sirens, and repeaters to detect fires quickly. The smoke detectors use photoelectric sensors to detect smoke and have features like battery life indicators. The control panel collects data from various sensors and identifies events to report to monitoring stations. Wireless sirens provide loud alarms in multiple locations. Repeaters extend the range of communication between devices. Standalone alarms also quickly detect smoke with features like escape lights and long battery life.
This presentation discusses fire detection and alarm systems. It covers various types of fire detection devices including smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual pull stations. It also describes the components of a fire alarm system including control panels, initiating devices and notification appliances. The presentation discusses different types of fire alarm systems like conventional, addressable and zoned systems. It covers standards for fire alarm systems and additional functions that fire alarm systems can perform like controlling HVAC, fire doors etc.
The document provides an overview of fire alarm system design and components. It discusses the objectives of early fire detection to protect life and property. The key components include sensors, control panel, indicating devices, and wiring. It describes different types of heat and smoke detectors along with their specifications and placement guidelines. The document also covers other aspects like power supplies, wiring standards, sound levels of alarms, and protection of control equipment.
A fire alarm panel is a central safety system that detects fires and alerts occupants. It receives signals from automatic detectors like smoke and heat detectors as well as manual pull stations. The panel then sounds alarms to notify people and alerts emergency services. An addressable panel can identify the specific device activated, while conventional panels respond to zones. Together, the panel, detectors, alarms, and safety interfaces form a integrated life-saving system.
A fire alarm panel is a central safety system that monitors fire detection devices throughout a building to detect fires and alert occupants. It receives signals from smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual pull stations, and other devices to pinpoint the location of any fires. When an alarm is activated, the panel sounds audible alarms and notifies emergency services to facilitate rapid evacuation and response. It is a critical life-safety system for commercial buildings.
Bluetooth Based Fire Detection and Robust Protection System By Using ArduinoIRJET Journal
The article discusses international issues. It mentions that globalization has increased economic interdependence between nations while also raising tensions over immigration and trade. Solutions will require cooperation and compromise between countries to balance economic and security concerns in a fair manner.
This document discusses various aspects of fire detection and firefighting, including:
1. It defines three categories of firefighting: fire protection, fire detection, and fire suppression.
2. It describes different types of fire detectors like smoke, flame, heat, and combination detectors and how they work.
3. It explains fire alarm systems, sprinkler systems, and other fire suppression systems like dry chemical and carbon dioxide systems.
Heat detectors are fire alarm devices that respond to increases in temperature rather than smoke. There are two main types: fixed temperature detectors, which activate at a predetermined temperature, and rate-of-rise detectors, which activate when the temperature rises abnormally quickly. Heat detectors use various methods to detect temperature increases, including fusible metals, heat-sensitive cables, and expansion of metals or gases. Flame detectors detect infrared, ultraviolet, or visible light emitted by fires using different sensor types like infrared and ultraviolet detectors. Fire detection systems divide areas into zones covered by detectors, manual call points, and alarm panels connected to a control center.
Fire detection and alarm systems serve several key functions: identifying developing fires, alerting occupants to evacuate, transmitting alarm signals to emergency responders. They use various detection methods including manual pull stations, automatic spot detectors that use photoelectric, ionization, heat/thermal or combination principles to quickly detect fires and activate alarms.
This document describes an automatic fire fighting system that uses various sensors to detect fire conditions and activate a response. The system uses a microcontroller to process signals from temperature, smoke, and flame sensors. If fire is detected, the microcontroller activates a firefighting pump and sends an SMS notification via a GSM module. The system provides visual status feedback through LED indicators and can help extinguish fires and alert owners remotely through wireless communication. It is designed to provide early detection of fires and an automatic response in buildings where fire hazards are high.
This document provides an overview and instructions for operating an automatic fire detection system at a hotel. It describes the key components of the system, including the Bosch FPA-5000 modular fire panel, intelligent addressable detectors, manual call points, and notification appliances. It explains how to install and connect the different detectors, operate the fire panel interface for bypassing zones, viewing history logs, and conducting drills and resets. The document also outlines the working principles of optical and thermal detectors and shows how to install and operate the manual call points.
Similar to Fire Alarm System for safety of electrical systems (20)
2. 1
INTRODUCTION:
The aim of the system is to make an early warning indicating that the building has a fire and to
allow people to be able to vacate the building in a timely manner and give a signal to the
firefighting system to start working.
THE SYSTEM COMPONENT:
1) Detectors
2) Manual call point
3) Bell / alarm devices
4) Fire alarm control panel
5) Other items.
1- DETECTORS:
The function of the sensors is to detect the presence of fire and thus is the main component of the
system.
DETECTORS TYPE:
The function of the sensors is to detect the presence of fire and thus is the main component of the
system. Detector types include:
Smoke detectors:
The smoke detector is responding to smoke particles in the air. And it is the most used type.
Type A: Ionization Smoke detector:
It responds to very small smoke particles. It is most sensitive to hot fast
burning fires. Don’t locate them near cooking areas, or in locations
subject to high air velocity.
Type B: photo-optical smoke detector
It is measure the scattered light from smoke particles. Don’t locate in
area’s subject to steam
Type C: combination smoke detector
In addition to individual ionization and photoelectric detectors,
combination detectors that include both technologies in a single device
are available. It used in important rooms for more protection.
3. 2
Heat detectors:
Heat detectors respond to the temperature.
Type A: Fixed temperature:
he most common fixed temperature point for electrically connected heat
detectors is 58°C (136.4°F).
Type B: Rate-of-Rise
Rate-of-Rise (ROR) heat detectors operate on a rapid rise in element
temperature of 6.7° to 8.3°C (12° to 15°F) increase per minute,
irrespective of the starting temperature.
Type C: Fixed temperature & Rate-of-Rise
Combination detectors that include both technologies in a single device
are available. It used in important rooms for more protection.
Beam smoke detectors
- For high-ceiling buildings
- The linear smoke detector works according to the reflection
principle: It sends infrared light to a reflector, which sends it back
immediately.
- The linear smoke detector provides a flexible monitoring distance
of 5 – 100 m.
4. 3
Flame detectors:
Optical flame detectors:
A flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and respond to the
presence of a flame or fire, allowing flame detection.
Types:
- Ultraviolet detector
- Near IR array
- Infrared
- Infrared thermal Cameras
- UV/IR
- IR/IR flame detection
- IR3 flame detection
- 3IR+UV flame detection
- Visible sensors
- Video
Ionization current flame detection:
Such detectors can be used in large industrial process gas heaters and are
connected to the flame control system. They usually act as both flame
quality monitors and for flame failure detection. They are also common
in a variety of household gas furnaces and boilers.
Thermocouple flame detection:
Thermocouples are used extensively for monitoring flame presence in
combustion heating systems and gas cookers. A common use in these
installations is to cut off the supply of fuel if the flame fails, in order to
prevent unburned fuel from accumulating. These sensors measure heat
and therefore are commonly used to determine the absence of a flame.
This can be used to verify the presence of a Pilot flame.
Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus (VESDA) /Aspirated smoke detectors (ASD)
- consisting of a central detection unit which draws air through a
network of pipes to detect smoke
- It provides the earliest possible warning of an impending fire hazard.
- ASDs can typically detect smoke before it is visible to the naked eye.
5. 4
Duct detectors:
- Duct smoke detectors, when installed in HVAC systems,
automatically stop their respective fans upon the detection of smoke.
- For HVAC systems with airflows exceeding 2,000 cfm, duct smoke
detectors are required.
Gas detectors:
- This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak or other
emissions and can interface with a control system so a
process can be automatically shut down.
- CO gas detector at garage
- O2 gas detector at hospital “ At Oxygen cylinder storage”
- And other
There are many shapes and models for each type, depending on the manufacturer
10. 9
DETECTOR COVERAGE AREA NOTES:
Heat detector spacing distance effective by the Ceiling height
DETECTORS DISTRIBUTION:
11. 10
2- BREAK GLASS FOR MANUAL FIRE CALL POINT:
- A manual call point is a device which enables personnel to raise an alarm in the event of a fire incident by
pressing a frangible element to activate the alarm system.
- A fire alarm call point should be installed at a height of 1.4m above floor level at easily accessible and
conspicuous positions. This includes on exit routes, at the entry floor landing of staircases and at all exits to the
open air.
- A fire alarm call point should also be spaced so that one may always be found within a maximum distance of 30m
apart.
12. 11
3- ALARM ITEMS:
The minimum sound level of a sounder device should be 65dB(A) or 5dB(A) above a background noise (if lasting more
than 30 seconds) and at a frequency between 500Hz and 1000Hz. The maximum sound level should not exceed 120dB(A).
4- FACP fire alarm control panel:
The panel receives information from devices designed to detect and report fires, monitors their operational integrity and
provides for automatic control of equipment, and transmission of information necessary to prepare the facility for fire
based on a predetermined sequence. The panel may also supply electrical energy to operate any associated initiating
device, notification appliance, control, transmitter, or relay. There are four basic types of panels: coded panels,
conventional panels, addressable panels, and multiplex systems.
There are different types of panels:
Conventional type:
Conventional fire alarms are ideal for small buildings, such as
individual offices or retail shops. They go off individually when they
detect smoke or heat and will help everyone escape from your
building safely and quickly.
Conventional fire alarms can be set up in zones, with each zone
hardwired to a control panel or zone expander. Conventional fire
alarm systems are much less expensive and require significantly less
labor to install.
13. 12
Addressable type:
Addressable fire alarms are a necessity for large building
complexes or campuses.
Since they show exactly which devices are going off, it makes
it extremely easy to figure out either where there is a fire or, in
the event of a false alarm, which specific device is having a
problem.
Another benefit of addressable fire alarms is that they require
less cabling than conventional fire alarms. All of the devices
installed as part of an addressable fire alarm system connect to
a single cabling loop that runs through the entire premises,
making it easy to add new devices to the existing system.
5- other items:
Control module It is a device that responsible for sending a signal
from fire alarm panel to other systems such as:
- Electrical panel to shut down at fire case
- HVAC system to shut down at fire case
- Stairs fan to work
- Elevator to down to the floor and stop working
at fire case
- Fire alarm bell
- Access control
Monitor module It is a device that responsible for sending a signal
from other systems to fire alarm panel such as:
- Firefighting valve zones at each floors
- Firefighting pumps
If the fire fighting started to work, fire alarm panel
will receive a signal from monitor module and
starting the alarm
14. 13
Isolation module Module to isolate a fault at the fire alarm loop put
each 20 device of the loop.
There is a detector include isolator module at its
base
MIMIC PANEL A Fire Alarm LED Graphic Annunciator / Mimic
Panel is effective method to quickly convey critical
information to the people who must respond to
alarms.
Placed in public places, especially in high-rise
building, indicating escape paths
Battery for fire
alarm panel
Battery to ensure continued work
Battery calculation:
DESCRIPTION
STANDBY
CURRENT PER
UNIT (AMP)
QUANTITY
TOTAL STANDBY
CURRENT PER
ITEM
ALARM CURRENT
PER UNIT (AMP)
QUANTITY
TOTAL ALARM
CURRNT PER ITEM
FIRE ALARM CONTROL PANEL 0.4 X 1 = 0.4 0.4 X 1 = 0.4
Fire Alarm Bell 0 X 31 = 0 0.225 X 31 = 6.975
Fire Alarm Horn With Strobe Light 0 X 3 = 0 0.225 X 3 = 0.675
MANUAL CALL POINT 0.0004 X 31 = 0.0124 0.0065 X 31 = 0.2015
SMOKE DETECTOR WITH AUDIBLE BASE 0.0004 X 128 = 0.0512 0.0065 X 128 = 0.832
SMOKE DETECTOR 0.0003 X 243 = 0.0729 0.0065 X 243 = 1.5795
HEAT DETECTOR 0.0003 X 14 = 0.0042 0.0065 X 14 = 0.091
Combined Smoke Heat Detector 0.0003 X 28 = 0.0084 0.0065 X 28 = 0.182
MIMIC 0.03 X 14 = 0.42 0.15 X 14 = 2.1
FAULT ISOLATOR 0.0004 X 31 = 0.0124 0.005 X 31 = 0.155
CONTROL MODULE 0.0004 X 12 = 0.0048 0.007 X 12 = 0.084
MONITOR MODULE 0.0004 X 7 = 0.0028 0.007 X 7 = 0.049
0.9891 13.324
STANDBY CURRENT: 24 HOURS
ALARM CURRENT: 30 MINUTES * 1/60 = 0.5
PREPARED FOR:
REQUIRED
STANDBY
TIME(HRS)
TOTAL SYSTEM
STADBY CURRENT
(AMP)
REQUIRED
STANDBY
CAPACITY (AMP-
HOURS)
REQUIRED ALARM
TIME (HRS)
TOTAL SYSTEM
ALARM CURRENT
(AMP)
REQUIRED ALARM
CAPACITY (AMP-
HOURS)
24 X 0.9891 = 23.7384 0.5 X 13.324 = 6.662
REQUIRED
STANDBY
CAPACITY (AMP-
HOURS)
REQUIRED ALARM
CAPACITY (AMP-
HOURS)
TOTAL CAPACITY
(AMP-HOURS)
TOTAL CAPACITY
(AMP-HOURS)
SAFETY FACTOR
ADJSTED BATTERY
CAPACITY (AMP-
HOURS)
23.7384 + 6.662 = 30.4004 30.4004 X 1.25 = 38.0005
TOTAL SYSTEM STANDBY CURRENT (AMP) TOTAL SYSTEM ALARM CURRENT (AMP)
USE: 2X12V, 40 Ah
19. 18
At bedrooms especially at hotels, detector with sounder base used
Sources
NFPA
Cooper A guide to fire alarm systems design BS 5839 Part 1:2002
menvier FIRE SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDE
PDH Course M219
www.PDHonline.org
Introduction to Fire Alarm & Detection Systems
Course Content
siemens synova tm product catalog
global system technology fire alarm datasheet
Novar GmbH a Honeywell Company
By: Eng: Eman Mohamed
Facebook page: Engfreelancer
Blogger: Engfreelancer
2-2020