The document discusses various factors influencing learning, categorized into learner-related, material-related, methodological, school, home, and societal factors. Key points include the impact of physiological and psychological dimensions on learning, the importance of motivation and intelligence levels, and the effects of environmental conditions. Additionally, it emphasizes the role of supportive home environments and effective teaching methodologies in enhancing student learning outcomes.

1. FACTORS INFLUENCING
LEARNING

2. PRESENTERS
 Humaira Perveen
Ammara Maryum
Ukasha Tahir

3. FACTORS INFLUENCING LEARNING
 According to an approach, following factors influence learner’s
behaviour:
 Learner factors
 Factors related to learning material
 Factors related to methodology
 School factors
 Home factors
 Societal factors

4. LEARNER –RELATED FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE LEARNING
(A) The physiological factors
 The physiological dimensions of the learner
greatly condition his learning. These include:

5. CONT…..
The organization of sensory receptors of the organism
 The loss of or defect in any of the senses will impoverish
knowledge and learning.
 The learner’s perception depends upon multiple sense appeal.
 Perception not only implies sense impressions but also
cognition of a number of facts associated with the object
perceived.

6. .
CONT….
 Organic Defects such as bad vision and bad hearing are
important as well as obvious causes of impoverished
learning.
 To this we may add color-blindness found in three to four
percent of children. It has been rightly pointed out

7. CONT….
 “defects of visions may easily pass unobserved for long
periods. Most of them cause headache, nausea, and a general
disinclination to study, often attributed to laziness.”
 A similar view holds good for auditory defects which
have become a matter of concern for educators.

8. CONT…
 Fatigue is another learner-related factor
• Fatigue may be muscular, sensory, and
mental.
• Muscular fatigue is attributed to the presence
of toxic waste , while mental fatigue ends in
boredom.
• The major effect of fatigue on the learning
process is the accompanying disposition
against sustained intellectual activity.

9. CONT…
Time of Day conditions learning.
• This is a popular opinion. Work done is
early hours of the day is easily learnt.
• However, the experimental studies by
Winch ,Gates, Heck and many others
indicate that there is little variation in
efficiency throughout the school day.

10. CONT….
Environmental Conditions
 Environmental Conditions excessive heat or excessive cold,
undue noise are likely to retard learning process.
 Adequate stimulation may dilute the effect of environmental
and atmospheric conditions

11. CONT….
Drugs
 Prolonged indulgence in drugs such as alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, pan parag
etc.
Sex differences in fatigue
 At the early stage of childhood, both boys and girls appear equally energetic.
 There is some evidence that during the secondary school years in particular,
girl are more susceptible to strain and worry than the boys.

12. (B) THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS :
 Motivation.
• Motivation is one of the basic conditions of
learning.
• Motivation, in simple language, means interest.
• Learning is directly proportional to our interest in
learning. Therefore, the first and foremost function
of a teacher is to create interest of the students in
learning .

13. CONT......
 Level of Intelligence Learning
• Level of intelligence learning, to a considerable extent,
depends upon the level of intelligence of the learners.
• Though the teacher cannot do much in this regard
because the level of one’s intelligence is determined by
heredity , the knowledge of the level of intelligence of
the learners can greatly help the teacher to devise
methods of teaching suited to the learners’ level of
intelligence.

14. CONT’D….
 For example, a student with high I.Q. can easily learn
through verbal explanations of the teacher ; but a student
with comparatively low I.Q. needs the help of audio-visual
aids and other devices of teaching in learning. The methods
of teaching therefore, have to be adapted to the level of
intelligence of the learners.

15. FACTORS RELATED TO LEARNING
MATERIAL
Learning material factors:
• Appropriateness of the
Content/Subject-matter
• Systematic presentation.
• Illustrations
• Correlations

16. FACTORS RELATED TO
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING AND
LEARNING
Methodology factors comprises:
• Methods of teaching:
• Effective methods of teaching
• Clarity of presentation
• Providing direct experiences
• Reinforcement

17. CONT’D…
Method in learning:
• Whole to part
• Whole versus part
• Recitation and practice
• Distribution of practice time
• Counteract forgetting
• Cramming

18. SCHOOL FACTORS
 School factors refer to academic atmosphere prevalent in the
school.
 A good atmosphere cab be created by following steps:
• By providing a separate room for study
• By providing books and generals
• By having intellectual talks and discussion

19. CONT’D
• A good Library
• Friendly Discussion
• Teacher guidance
• Participation in co-curricular activities

20. HOME FACTORS
Home factors refer to congenial learning
environment available in the home. This includes:
• Parents positive Attitude
• Parents encouragement to children
• Parents Healthy relationship

21. CONT;D…
• Parents Not too critical to children
• Parents attitude as a guide and philosopher.
• Parents should share childernsexperiences
• Parents should not pamper children to be over-
protective.