The document discusses building learning communities online. It emphasizes the importance of social presence and interaction to reduce psychological distance between instructors and students. Various learning theories are examined that are relevant to online environments, including social constructivism, connectivism, and heutagogy. Rhizomatic learning models are proposed which emphasize non-hierarchical and open-ended knowledge sharing through networks and crowdsourcing. The key is for learners to connect with others' expertise rather than rely solely on centralized content.

1. Face to Face at a Distance: Building
a learning community online
Steve Wheeler
steve-wheeler.net

2. Image source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-in-white-face-mask-3873193/
“The greatest
danger in times
of turbulence is
not the
turbulence.
It is to act with
yesterday's
logic.”
- Peter Drucker
Reverse assumption theory

3. Co-present Remote
Blended Learning?
Synchronous Asynchronous
Teacher led Learner led
Tethered Mobile
Traditional Modes Progressive Modes?

4. Social Presence
Immediacy
(Wheeler, 2007)
Student
Autonomy
(Moore, 1989)
Motivation
to Learn
(Maslow, 1956)
3 Types of
Interaction
(Moore & Kearsley, 1996)
Student
Centered Learning
(Rogers, 1980)
Reduce the psychological gap – promote a sense of community

5. Social Presence
Image source: onlinelearningconsortium.org
Social Presence
(Short, Williams &
Christie, 1976)
Communities
of Practice
(Wenger, 1998)

6. Immediacy
Image source: David Winter: careersintheory.wordpress.com/
“Instructional
immediacy is
behaviour that
brings the
instructor and the
students closer
together in terms
of perceived
distance.”
(Rocca, 2007)

7. 4 Types of
Interaction
Learner
Teacher
Content
LearnerDevice
Critical Conversations
(Markwood & Johnstone, 1994)
3 Types of Interaction
(Moore, 1992)

8. ZilLearn.com

9. Neo-Marxist theory
Image source: https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Karl_Marx_001.jpg
takes a dialectical view of
social transformation
exposes power inequality
places means of knowledge
production into the hands of
everyone
Reality is constructed

10. Dialectical Process (Hegel) … a continuing process of
discovery, clarifying ‘truth’
through exposition, analysis,
logic, criticism, argumentation,
and the consideration of
opposing arguments.
Thesis Antithesis
Synthesis
Antithesis Thesis
Synthesis
Thesis Antithesis ‘Triadic Learning’
Ill-structured problem
based learning

11. Interpellation
‘…the individual
realises that the
hailing is addressed
at them and is thus
subject to the
ideology of
democracy and law.’
- Louis Althusser
‘…interpellation
occurs when a
person connects
with a media text:
[We …] tacitly accept
a particular
approach to the
world’
- David Gauntlett

13. Currently beyond my understanding
What I can learn with the help of others
What I can learn on
my own
Zone of Proximal
Development (ZPD)
Digital
Scaffolding
Vygotsky: Social Constructivism
Graphic concept: Steve Wheeler
Negotiation of
Meaning
Paragogy (Cornelli and Danoff)

14. Self organised learning
For successful self organised learning the essential components are:
• Communication
• Reflection
• Collaboration
• Community
• Creative Tools
• Amplification

15. Self Organising Learning Environments
Photo by William Murphy: http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-3146778883

16. #Blimage
#TwistedPair
#PurposeEd
Image source: www.pexels.com//

18. RhizomesDeleuze &
Guattari (1980)
Anarchy of the Web
The nomadic nature of
knowledge (and identity)

19. “...multiple, non-
hierarchical entry
and exit points in
data
representation and
interpretation.”
- Cormier (2010)
Rhizomatic learning
Image source: http://archbold-station.org

20. Image source: http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8227/8397808475_d7554a5c62_z.jpg
C
X
Massive Open
Online Courses
Embedded MOOCs
(Supplemental or Self-
Blended Learning)
“…not content driven with endless
videos and online materials (we can
find this content easily enough all
over the web) but driven by the
learners and their varied expertise.”
(Lee and Rofe, 2016)

21. "I not only
use all the
brains that I
have,
but all that I
can borrow.”
Woodrow
Wilson

22. http://bradley.chattablogs.com
“ ‘I store my knowledge in my friends’ …is an axiom
for collecting knowledge… through collecting people”.
- Karen Stephenson
Connectivism
Paragogy Heutagogy

23. Crowdsourcing Learning:
Building a PLNPhoto by Steve Wheeler

24. “This is not the wisdom of the crowd, but the
wisdom of someone in the crowd. It’s not that
the network itself is smart; it’s that the
individuals get smarter because they’re
connected to the network.” – Steven Johnson
http://xdem.free.fr/uploaded_images/ParisInRiots_Gonzales-741204.jpg

25. Thank you
Steve Wheeler
steve-wheeler.net
W: steve-wheeler.net
E: steve@steve-wheeler.net
B: steve-wheeler.co.uk
T: @SteveWheeler