The document summarizes the results of a study evaluating the long-term effects of administering synthetic progesterone (Cidolut depot) to ovariectomized female albino rats over 9 months. Key findings include:
- Treated rats showed decreased body weight, increased mortality, and hematological and biochemical changes including anemia, increased liver and kidney enzymes, and hormonal imbalances.
- Histopathological examination found lung, liver, kidney, and brain damage in treated rats including inflammation, degeneration, and edema. Damage worsened over time.
- The study aims to understand long-term effects of synthetic progesterone on health markers, hormone levels, and organ pathology in female rats. Results indicate multiple
Animal modelsof diabetes and obesity
by: Suinil Kumar
M.pharm (pharmacology )
University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Panjab university
Chandigarh
Modulating effect of camels milk on alloxan induced experimental diabetes in ...Rasha Galal
Random study concluded positive modulating effect for camel’s milk on alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared to cow’s milk and recommended using camel's milk as a nutraceutical supplement for diabetic patients
Animal modelsof diabetes and obesity
by: Suinil Kumar
M.pharm (pharmacology )
University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Panjab university
Chandigarh
Modulating effect of camels milk on alloxan induced experimental diabetes in ...Rasha Galal
Random study concluded positive modulating effect for camel’s milk on alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared to cow’s milk and recommended using camel's milk as a nutraceutical supplement for diabetic patients
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHROMATOGRAPHIC FRACTION AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS O...Jing Zang
In recent studies Teucrium polium(T. polium ) was known as a hypoglycemic plants. But further research is needed to better understand the effect of Teucrium polium and biological active part of it. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effect of different chromatographic fractions of aqueous and alcoholic extract of this plant on the level of insulin secretion and glucose content in hyperglycemic rat model. Also, our aim is determination of biological active fraction of aqueous and alcoholic extract of this plant. This study was carried out on the 36 rats. Hyperglycemia induced by administrating of 50 mg/kg alloxan intraperitoneally and glucose level was monitored for hyperglycemic status. Hyperglycemic was confirmed by blood glucose measurement. In each experiment 100 grams of Teucrium polium aerial parts powder were boiled with 2 Litter of distilled water for 36 h. The decoction preparation was then filtered through a gauz cloth followed by filtration through filter paper. The extract was evaporated to one-fifth of its original volume and kept at 4oC until its use. Determination of different fraction aqueous extract effect of Teucrium polium on glucose level and insulin secretion was carried out. Blood was collected from the tail of the rats. Then glucose and insulin level was evaluated. The hyperglycemic animals showed significant decrease in the blood glucose level in rats administered with fourth fraction compared with other factions. Administration of fourth fraction Teucrium polium aerial parts extract cause increase in insulin levels in alloxan-treated rats. Results suggest that treatment of fourth fraction Teucrium polium aerial parts extract may be useful in preventing the increase of glucose level in hyperglycemic rats. The interesting phenomenon of our results has shown that fourth fraction given parenterally possesses a hypoglycemic effect in alloxan hyperglycemic rats. Fourth fraction was found biological active and to be responsive to glucose challenge as evidenced by increase in insulin secretion.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Variability in PregnancyInsideScientific
Join Caroline Wuyts, MSc for a deep dive into her research on pregnancy and monitoring glucose availability throughout the reproductive timeline of a mouse model.
Pregnancy is a physiological challenge for the female body. Metabolic adaptations are necessary to maintain the balance between maternal and fetal growth. To gain insight in these pregnancy-induced adaptations, continuous glucose was monitored in mice via telemetric transmitters.
Caroline’s group investigated the effect of telemetry on pregnancy outcome by comparing mice with an implanted transmitter and mice that underwent a sham surgery. They developed an overview of glucose tolerance before, during and after pregnancy by performing oral glucose tolerance tests. Glycemic variability was monitored continuously using camera surveillance, and it was determined that continuous glucose monitoring is a safe method that provides insight into glycemic control during pregnancy with unprecedented detail.
Key Topics Include:
Appreciate that telemetric implants do not have an influence on pregnancy and that they understand how glycemia adapts to pregnancy in mice.
Acknowledge that continuous glucose monitoring combined with camera surveillance is a suitable method to monitor glycemic variability.
Recognize that healthy mice during a full pregnancy develop adaptations in glucose homeostasis reminiscent of those in pregnant women.
Rodent Models of Pharmacotherapy and Chronotherapy for Obesity and Cardiometa...InsideScientific
Join Christopher Axelrod and Sander Kooijman, PhD for a discussion on their research into combatting obesity using various new therapies.
Key Topics Include:
Obesity is a chronic disease with limited treatment options that achieve long term weight control
Systemic mitochondrial uncoupling prevents weight gain without altering food intake and improves glucose metabolism independent of body weight
Mitochondrial-targeted drugs such as BAM15 may have clinical utility in the treatment of obesity and related diseases
Mimicked shift work resulted in obesity in male mice and poor blood glucose clearance in female mice
Understanding the circadian regulation of energy metabolism provides an opportunity to maximize the effectiveness of chronotherapy
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHROMATOGRAPHIC FRACTION AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS O...Jing Zang
In recent studies Teucrium polium(T. polium ) was known as a hypoglycemic plants. But further research is needed to better understand the effect of Teucrium polium and biological active part of it. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effect of different chromatographic fractions of aqueous and alcoholic extract of this plant on the level of insulin secretion and glucose content in hyperglycemic rat model. Also, our aim is determination of biological active fraction of aqueous and alcoholic extract of this plant. This study was carried out on the 36 rats. Hyperglycemia induced by administrating of 50 mg/kg alloxan intraperitoneally and glucose level was monitored for hyperglycemic status. Hyperglycemic was confirmed by blood glucose measurement. In each experiment 100 grams of Teucrium polium aerial parts powder were boiled with 2 Litter of distilled water for 36 h. The decoction preparation was then filtered through a gauz cloth followed by filtration through filter paper. The extract was evaporated to one-fifth of its original volume and kept at 4oC until its use. Determination of different fraction aqueous extract effect of Teucrium polium on glucose level and insulin secretion was carried out. Blood was collected from the tail of the rats. Then glucose and insulin level was evaluated. The hyperglycemic animals showed significant decrease in the blood glucose level in rats administered with fourth fraction compared with other factions. Administration of fourth fraction Teucrium polium aerial parts extract cause increase in insulin levels in alloxan-treated rats. Results suggest that treatment of fourth fraction Teucrium polium aerial parts extract may be useful in preventing the increase of glucose level in hyperglycemic rats. The interesting phenomenon of our results has shown that fourth fraction given parenterally possesses a hypoglycemic effect in alloxan hyperglycemic rats. Fourth fraction was found biological active and to be responsive to glucose challenge as evidenced by increase in insulin secretion.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Variability in PregnancyInsideScientific
Join Caroline Wuyts, MSc for a deep dive into her research on pregnancy and monitoring glucose availability throughout the reproductive timeline of a mouse model.
Pregnancy is a physiological challenge for the female body. Metabolic adaptations are necessary to maintain the balance between maternal and fetal growth. To gain insight in these pregnancy-induced adaptations, continuous glucose was monitored in mice via telemetric transmitters.
Caroline’s group investigated the effect of telemetry on pregnancy outcome by comparing mice with an implanted transmitter and mice that underwent a sham surgery. They developed an overview of glucose tolerance before, during and after pregnancy by performing oral glucose tolerance tests. Glycemic variability was monitored continuously using camera surveillance, and it was determined that continuous glucose monitoring is a safe method that provides insight into glycemic control during pregnancy with unprecedented detail.
Key Topics Include:
Appreciate that telemetric implants do not have an influence on pregnancy and that they understand how glycemia adapts to pregnancy in mice.
Acknowledge that continuous glucose monitoring combined with camera surveillance is a suitable method to monitor glycemic variability.
Recognize that healthy mice during a full pregnancy develop adaptations in glucose homeostasis reminiscent of those in pregnant women.
Rodent Models of Pharmacotherapy and Chronotherapy for Obesity and Cardiometa...InsideScientific
Join Christopher Axelrod and Sander Kooijman, PhD for a discussion on their research into combatting obesity using various new therapies.
Key Topics Include:
Obesity is a chronic disease with limited treatment options that achieve long term weight control
Systemic mitochondrial uncoupling prevents weight gain without altering food intake and improves glucose metabolism independent of body weight
Mitochondrial-targeted drugs such as BAM15 may have clinical utility in the treatment of obesity and related diseases
Mimicked shift work resulted in obesity in male mice and poor blood glucose clearance in female mice
Understanding the circadian regulation of energy metabolism provides an opportunity to maximize the effectiveness of chronotherapy
Leptospirosis an emerging public health problem. I have give an overview and skipped Pathogenesis & Surviellance. Tried to keep it short & informative.
Effect of long term administration of aspartame on the parotid salivary gland...sherein abdelgayed
Effect Of Long Term Administration Of Aspartame On The Parotid Salivary Glands Of Male Albino Rats. International Journal Of Advanced Research (IJAR) 2014, volume 2, issue 3, 850-857.
Assessment of the immune status of nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) exper...sherein abdelgayed
Manal M. Zaki, Alaa E. Eissa, and Sherein Saeid (2011): Assessment of the Immune Status in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Experimentally Challenged with Toxogenic / Septicemic Bacteria During Treatment Trial with Florfenicol and Enrofloxacin.World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences(WJFMS)3(1):21-36.
This part i present it when i was an oral presentor in the First Scientific Conference Of The Pathology Department; “THE CURRENT CHALLENGES OF THE VIRAL DISEASES IN EGYPT” that held in the conference center of Cairo university, Egypt (20/6/2012).
Evaluation of in vitro inhibitory effect of Enoxacin on Babesia and Theileria...sherein abdelgayed
Evaluation of in vitro inhibitory effect of Enoxacin on Babesia and Theileria parasites. 9th World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, 24-28 August 2014.
Amelioration the toxic effects of cadmium exposure in nileTilapia (Oreochromi...sherein abdelgayed
Hussein A. Kaoud, Manal M. Zaki, Ahmed R. El-Dahshan,
Sherein Saeid, and Hesham Y. El Zorba (2011): Amelioration the Toxic Effects of Cadmium-Exposure in NileTilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) by using Lemna gibba L. Life Science Journal, Volume 8,Issue 1, 185-195, 2011.
Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on the tongue of albino mic...sherein abdelgayed
Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on theTongue of Albino Mice Offspring from Cadmiu Toxicated Dams Treated with Vitamin C and / or Nigella Sativa. Life Science Journal 2014;11(2) 322-326.
Polarity effect of microcurrent electrical stimulation on tendon healing biom...sherein abdelgayed
Polarity effect of microcurrent electrical stimulation on tendon healing: Biomechanical and histopathological studies.Journal of Advanced Research(JAR)(3),109–117
Pathogenesis of enterobacteriaceae isolated from commercial chicken eggs in b...sherein abdelgayed
Pathogenesis of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Commercial Chicken Eggs in Broilers. (The 18th scientific conference of Egyptian Veterinary Medical Society (EVMS) for Pathology and Clinical Pathology, May 2013) (AWARD OF BESTRESEARCH). Egypt. J.Comp.Path &Clinic Path.Vol.26 No.1 2013;131-145 ISSN 1110-7537.
The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is major risk factor for the development of obesity. The present study was taken undertaken to evaluate the effect of Argyreia Nervosa Burn.F leaf ethanol extract on serum lipid profile in Wistar male albino rat fed with high fat diet and to compare it with a standard hyperlipidemic drug Sibutramine (10mg/kg). Fifty four health Wistar albino male rats were randomized in to 9 groups of 6 animals each. The groups were followed as follows Group I: Sham operated Normal (Normal Diet), Group II: Control (High fat diet), Group III: Sibutramine 10 mg/kg + HFD, Group IV: EEAN (100mg/kg) + HFD, Group V: EEAN (200mg/kg) +HFD, Group VI: EEAN
(400mg/kg) + HFD, Remaining groups have received different types of extracts at various doses. Lipid profile in serum with high triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by treatment of 0.5g/day A. nervosa. The A. nervosa markedly lowers the levels of serum cholesterol and VLDL. The present investigation shows that all triton induced rats
displayed hyperlipidemia as shown by their elevated levels of serum and liver cholesterol, triglyceride, PL, VLDL, LDL and the reduction in the HDL level. It can be concluded that 0.5g/day of A. nervosa treatment was effective in reduction of cholesterol, PL, TG, VLDL, LDL and HDL in a dose dependant manner.
The aim of the study was to investigate the damage created in tissue by using an in vivo isolated portal ischemia and reperfusion model in the rat liver and the effects of heparin administration on the complement system. A total of 25 male rats weighing 150-290 gr were used in the study. Following anesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride, the incision area was shaved in all rats except the control group. The portal vein was isolated and clamped, and ischemia and reperfusion created. Two groups were sacrificed at the 24th hour and two at the 48th hour. Heparin was administered to one of the groups sacrificed at the 24th hour and not to the other group, and similarly one of the groups sacrificed at the 48th hour received heparin while the other did not. Biochemical and pathologic parameters were used to evaluate the damage using serum and liver tissue samples from the sacrificed rats. We used the liver GSH, MPO and C3 levels and the serum IL-6 level to evaluate the ischemia and reperfusion damage in the liver tissue. Heparin was shown to decrease the damage occurring after ischemia and reperfusion by decreasing complement activation and the MPO and IL-6 levels while increasing GSH levels as a result of the statistical analysis performed. Heparin was shown to prevent tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion by decreasing complement activation and inflammation.
Intake of Black Vinegar on Anthropometric Measures, Cardiometabolic Profiles,...mahendrareddychirra
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are the most important chronic diseases around the world. They are associated with huge medical expenditure and with increasing morbidity and mortality among related cardio-metabolic diseases in developing and developed countries [1,2].
Vinegar was first reported to have anti-glycemic effects since 1988 in animal and human studies [3]. Vinegar may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity and delayed gastric emptying that accompanied improved glycemic control and reduced body weight [4,5].
Ciprofloxacin resideu and their impact on Biomolecules n eggs of laying hens ...Sayed Koushik Ahamed
I have done this research on eggs for the welfare of mankind now i want to share my article for social awareness. I hope it will helps all researchers for their future further research.
Thank You
Many successful ultra-endurance athletes have switched from a high-carbohydrate to a low-carbohydrate diet, but they have not previously been studied to determine the extent of metabolic adaptations. The concept that a diet high in carbohydrate is necessary for optimizing exercise performance gained credence in the late 1960s when it was discovered that muscle glycogen depletion was associated with fatigue, and that a high-carbohydrate diet-maintained muscle glycogen and performance.
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of
70% ethanolic crude extract of Portulaca oleracea L on mice
orgons . (In vivo),In vivo, the acute toxicity of 70 % ethanolic
extract of the plant on normal mice was studied. No toxic effect
was noted on normal mice even at 9500 mg /kg B.W S/C
injection.Histopathological changes due to ethanolic extract of
the plant in healthy mice were summarized in hyperplasia of
white pulp with amyloid deposition, proliferation of
megakaryocytes and mononuclear cell infiltration in the liver and
kidney parenchyma. There were no significant lesions detected in
the brain, heart and ovary in all treated groups.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Effect of Piper crocatum Extract Against Weight Loss and Liver Enzyme Levels ...iosrphr_editor
Piper crocatum is one of Indonesian medicinal plant that contain flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. Aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of Piper crocatum aqueous extract against a decrease in body weight (BW) and the activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (AMPK, ACC, FAS) in liver obese rats. This study used four groups of Sprague dawley rat (n = 6), including normal group (N), obese controls (OC), Piper crocatum extract dose 1260 mg/kgBW (PcA), and Piper crocatum extract dose of 1890 mg/kgBW (PcB). Measurement of metabolic liver enzyme levels (AMPK, ACC, FAS) are using ELISA kit (CusabioTM). Results of this study showed that the PcA group produce the highest reduction in body weight (4.52%), and the lowest levels of ACC (9.13 ng/g) and FAS (360.68 ng/g) which was significantly different from obese control group (95% CI). Piper crocatum extract can't activate AMPK. The highest levels in rat liver AMPK is in N group with 8.42 ng/g, but this value is not significantly different from other groups.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTOF POMEGRANATE PEEL AND WHEY...Anurag Raghuvanshi
The antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel powder (PPP) and whey powder (WP) was evaluated, their hepatoprotective effect of each alone or in combination (PPWP) at equal levels was also evaluated in Wistar rats against carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) induced liver injury.
The hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters and histopathological studies.
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
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2. Evaluation
Of long term
administration effect
of synthetic progesterone
(Cidolut depot) On
Ovariectomized Female Albino
Rats
S.abdelgayed,Sherein*
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo
University, Giza, Egypt
3. Introduction
For over 30 years various synthetic estrogens and
progestins combinations had been used in
human contraceptives (Maier and Herman, 2001).
when anestrous cattle and buffaloes were
injected three hydroxyprogesterone caproate
HPC (Cidolut) injection (750 mg, i.m) 72-hr
intervals followed by injection equine chorionic
gonadotropin (750 I.U., i.m.) 72hr, their
conception rate was increased. ( Honparkhe, 2008).
4. Introduction
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (HPC) , natural
hormone produced in large quantities during
pregnancy, and used in human in second trimester as
a weekly I/M injected dose 250 mg to treat preterm
labor and preterm rupture of membrane resulted
from inappropriate inflammation. (Mercer et al., 1999).
And when (HPC) administered subcutaneously in rats
at dose 5 or 10 mg/kg on gestation day 16 significantly
reduced the preterm birth rate.
5. Introduction
The administration of the hormonal replacement
therapy caused a concomitant functional
disturbances in liver and kidney (As the liver was
the target organ for estrogen and progesterone
metabolism and the kidney was organ for their
excretion),
Together with alterations in some enzymes
serum concentration (Maisaa., 2002).
6. Purpose of the study
The present study aimed to :
declare long term administration effect of
synthetic progesterone on the hematological and
biochemical parameters of female rats,
Study the histopathological alterations in lung,
liver, kidney, and in brain of female rats, and
Demonstration the hormonal homeostasis of
female rats after the administration of such
hormones for long term.
7. Materials and Methods
I- Experimental animals:
A total of sixty (60) adult mature female rats, weighing from 150 -
200 grams, obtained from Ocular Institute of Research in Giza,
Cairo University were used.
Rats were fed on dry commercial standard pallets of rabbits from
Tameda company, El-Dakahelia Egypt, contain 16 % protein, and
tap water was supplied ad-libitium.
Rats were separated as five rats /cage, and subjected to 12 hours
light and 12 hours darkness, kept under observation for two
weeks before being used to assure the healthy state of the
animals.
8. Materials and Methods
Experimental design
60
Adult mature female ovariectomized
albino rats
Group I
30 Rats
control group
injected intramuscularly (IM)
by 0.45 ml vehicle Csater oil
and benzyl alcohol in a ratio
5 : 4
Group II
30 Rats
Treated group
injected I/M with hydroxy
progesterone caproate (HPC)
at dose 22.5 mg/kg.Bwt
9. Materials and Methods
Sampling
The Experimental period was 9 month
Clinical signs
and
mortality
rate
were
recorded
monthly
Blood samples
from 5 Rats
of each group
were collected
at 1.5 month
intervals
FOR
Clinicopathologic
al and Hormaonal
Measurement
Tissue specimens
including Lung,
Liver, Kidneys and
Brain were collected
each 1.5 month
FOR
Histopathological
Examination
10. Materials and Methods
Sampling
Blood samples
The first blood sample
was anticoagulated
used for evaluating
hemogram
Total erythrocyte and
leukocyte counts,Packed
cell volume (PCV%),
Hemoglobin
concentration, and
Differential leukocytic
count.
The second blood serum sample
Used for Measurements of serum levels of
hormones (progesterone and Estradiol)
using Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbant Assay
(ELISA)
+
biochemical studies
Serum Glucose , Serum lipid Parameters (Serum
Triglycerides, Serum Cholesterol, High density lipoprotein
(HDL) – Cholesterol, and Low density lipoprotein (LDL) –
Cholesterol), Kidney Function Tests(Serum Creatinine,
Blood Urea Nitrogen {BUN},and Serum Uric acid), and
Liver Function Tests(Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and
Aspartate aminotrans- ferase (AST), Bilirubin (Total and
Direct Bilirubin), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) ).
11. Results and Discussion
I-Clinical signs
During the whole period of the study
rats treated with only progestogenic
preparation (Cidolut depot ampoules )
tended to show:
a slight non significant decrease in their
body weight continued till the end of
the study
12. Results and Discussion
2-Mortality Rate
In rats received Cidolut depot ampoules
during the whole period of the study the
mortality rate was near but slightly
higher than that existed in control rats
group, its increase occurred only at 9th
month post-injection,
14. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
1-Hematological alteration:
• Significant increase in MCV s in rats given Cidolut
ampoules injection at 3rd month post-study.
• With no apparent changes were observed in MCH and
MCHC values reflected develop macrocytic normochromic
(megalobastic) anemia in all treated rats at 3rd month
post-hormonal drugs administration.
• Moreover monocytes counted value showed its significant
increase in Cidolut depot ampoules injected rats at 3rd
month from the study.
15. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• The lipid profile showed no changes in such values in
Cidolut depot ampoules injected rats.
• kidney function tests were recorded as a
significant increase in creatinine values in
rats received Cidolut depot ampoules at 3rd
month post-hormonal administration.
• Also at that time the uric acid value was
significantly increased in all treated rats.
16. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Liver functions tests:
• total bilirubin value was significantly increased at 3rd month post-
injection in Cidolut depot ampoules treated rats. Direct bilirubin
value was significantly decreased in Cidolut depot ampoules
treated rats at 3rdmonth from the work, and Significant increased
free bilirubin value was noticed in rats injected Cidolut depot
ampoules at 3rd month post-therapy.
• Activity of transferase enzymes ALT and AST showed its
significant increase in all treated rats, Moreover the ALP activity
in rats received Cidolut depot ampoules was significantly
increased at 3th month post-injection
17. Results and Discussion
Pathological alterations: -
1-Post-Mortem Findings:
Liver and kidney of rats received Cidolut
depot ampoules exhibited to show much
sub-capsular peticheal hemorrhage
Moreover liver and lung appeared slightly
enlarged in size, and
No apparent macroscopic changes were
seen in brain in such rats group.
18. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• lung of rats treated with Cidolut 1.5-3 month showing
hyperplasia of the bronchial epithelium and peribronchial
lymphoid follicles together with vasculitis (H&EX200)
19. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• Liver of rats treated with Cidolut 1.5-3 month showing vacuolated and
degenerated hepatocytes. In addition central vein and sinusoidal
dilatation (H&E X 400)
20. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• Kidneys of rats treated with Cidolut 1.5-3 month showing , congestion of the
interstitial blood vessels with vasculitis. Also there were peri-glomerular
mononuclear cellular infiltration. (H&E X 200).
22. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
1-Hematological alteration:
• Significant decrease in RBCs counted value.
• Significant increase of MCV values in all
treated rats with no changes in MCH and
MCHC values in all treated rats, indicated
still existence of megalobastic anemia in
treated rats.
23. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
1-Hematological alteration:
• The alterations occurred on differential leucocytes
counts showed lasting develop significant neutrophilia
in all rats received therapy.
• Significant increase esinophils counts in rats injected
Cidolut depot ampoules at 6th month post- drug
administration.
• Monocytosis was recorded in Cidolut depot ampoules
treated rats.
24. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Significant decreases of serum glucose
values in an exaggerated manner in rats
received Cidolut depot ampoules only at
6th month post-injection.
25. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Regarding to changes in lipid profile
registered no apparent recorded
changes in rats received Cidolut depot
ampoules.
26. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• kidney functions noticed significant
increased serum creatinine and uric acids
values in in rats received Cidolut depot
• In respect to bilirubin found that the total,
direct and free bilirubin values were
significantly increased in Cidolut depot
ampoules treated rats.
27. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• kidney functions noticed significant
increased serum creatinine and uric acids
values in in rats received Cidolut depot
• In respect to bilirubin found that the total,
direct and free bilirubin values were
significantly increased in Cidolut depot
ampoules treated rats.
28. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Liver function test noticed Serum AST and
ALP activities were significantly increased in
Cidolut depot ampoules received rats,
• while ALT activity was significantly
increased in such rats group at 6th month
from the study
29. Results and Discussion
Pathological alterations: -
1-Post-Mortem Findings:
lungs received Cidolut depot ampoules injections
appeared reduced in size and showed congestion,
peticheal hemorrhage or ecchymotic spots with
small emphysematous areas.
Moreover kidneys of those rats were exhibited to
show mild peticheal or ecchymotic spots in sub-
capsular areas.
And apparently normal appearance of liver and
brain in such rats group at that time.
30. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• lung of rats treated with Cidolut 4.5 -6 month showing severe broncoectasia with
massive mononuclear cells infiltration peribronchial, perivascular, and
perialveolar, (H&EX200).
31. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• Kidneys of rats treated with Cidolut 4.5 -6 month showing glomerular vacuolation,
enlargement and swollen glomeruli , lobulated capillary tuft , proliferated capillary
endothelium (H&E X 400)
32. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
• Brain of rats treated with Cidolut 4.5 -6 month showing . extra-celluar brain edema,
dilated Virchow-Robnin spaces, degenerated myelin sheath with focal areas of
mononuclear cells infiltration and atrophy of some nerve cells (H&E X 200).
34. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
1-Hematological alteration:
• PCV%, Hb concentrations and RBCs counts
values in rats received Cidolut depot ampoules
showed no changes.
• In addition a significant increased MCV values
in all treated rats,
• while the MCH and MCHC values remained
without apparent changed indicating
continuation formed anemia in all treated rats.
35. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
1-Hematological alteration:
• Total leucocytes revealed no apparent changes in
value in Cidolut depot ampoules received rats.
• Lasting significant neutrophilia in rats injected Cidolut
depot ampoules.
• At 9th month significant esinophilia and monocytosis
was demonstrated in Cidolut depot ampoules treated
rats,
• lymphocytes showed no apparent changes in value in
rats treated with Cidolut depot ampoules injection
36. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Continuous significant decrease in
glucose level in Cidolut depot ampoules
injected rats at 9th month from the
study.
37. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Alterations in lipid profile in cholesterol and
HDL rats received Cidolut depot ampoules
did not show apparent changes.
• Except for LDL values that had been showed
high significant increased values at 9th
month from the work.
38. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Serum creatinine and uric acid values as
kidney functions were continuously
showing significant increased values in
treated rats.
39. Results and Discussion
Clinicopathological changes:
2- Biochemical-parameters:
• Regarding to liver functions,
• A significant increase in values of all bilirubin
components was seen in rats received Cidolut depot
ampoules.
• Significant increased in ALT and AST activities in all
treated rats,
• Moreover ALP activity was significantly increased at
9th month in rats received Cidolut depot ampoules
40. Results and Discussion
Pathological alterations: -
1-Post-Mortem Findings:
In rats treated with Cidolut depot ampoules their lungs
appeared pale in color, reduced size with thick grayish
exudates oozed out in cut section.
In addition, liver of such rats was friable consistent,
reduced in size, congested with several areas of white
discoloration.
Multiple white discolorations areas were observed in the
renal cortex of congested reduced size kidneys.
Normal appearance of brain was noticed with exception a
slightly reduced size.
41. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
Lung of rats treated with Cidolut 7.5-9 month showing severe broncoectasia and
bronchitis with marked bronchial epithelium hyperplasia , leucocytic cells infiltrations, and
formation of newly formed brocchioles (H&EX200).
42. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
Liver of rats treated with Cidolut 7.5-9 month showing widening of sinusoidal
space and hyperplasia of kupffer's cells Togethrt with multiple focal areas of
degenerated hepatocytes replaced by mononuclear cells infiltration (H&EX200).
43. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
Kidneys of rats treated with Cidolut 7.5-9 month showing glomerular vacuolation
renal tubular degeneration. In addition to vasculitis and perivasculitis (H&E X
400)
44. Results and Discussion
2-Histopathological changes
Brain of rats treated with Cidolut 7.5-9 month showing status spongiosis with
enlargement of extracelluar space and congested blood vessels (H&E X 200).
45. Results and Discussion
Measurement of hormones
2- Measurement of serum Estradiol hormone:
Serum progesterone levels in different rats
groups received cidolut depot when compared
to that in control rats group was tended to
decrease from 3.5 ng/ml to 1.5 ng/ml in rats
group received Cidolut depot ampoules.
And showed a significant decrease at 9th
months from the study
46. Results and Discussion
Measurement of hormones
1.Measurement of serum progesterone hormone:
Serum estradiol levels in different rats
groups received hormonal drugs when
compared to that in control rats.
Showed a significant increased values
in rats received Cidolut depot at 4.5th
month from the study.
47. Conclusion
From the present study, it is concluded
that, great attention must be taken
from the haphazard use of the used
synthetic progesterone as possible
As it has an adverse effect on the
hematological and biochemical
parameters reflected on the
clinicopathological results and
confirmed histopathologically.