The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Introduction, definition-tongue thrusting, types,etiology, clinical features, types of swallow, habits contributing to tongue thrusting, buccinator mechanism, case history, diagnosis- informal,formal observation, examination, treatment-muscle exercises, various appliances, mechanism of action of appliances, prevalence, articles, reference.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
it explain need for extraction, choice of teeth for extraction, Wilkinson extraction, extraction of permanent teeth without appliance therapy, balance extractions, compensating extractions, additional factor to consider in extraction of teeth.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Treatment of crossbite /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cross bite
Definition: failure of the two dental arches to occlude normally in bucco-lingual or labiolingual direction due to:
1- Localized problem of tooth position or alveolar growth
2- Gross disharmony between maxilla and mandible
Anterior cross bite:
= can be present in primary as well as permanent dentition
= it may involve one or more teeth
= it is one of the most common malocclusion present in children
= it should be treated immediately because it is very rarely to self-correcting
= it can be predisposing to the development of class III malocclusion if two or more teeth are involved
Causes:
= over retained deciduous teeth
= crowding
= cleft palate
Posterior cross bite:
Caused by prolonged retention of deciduous molar
= the most common type of posterior cross bite is usually when the buccal cusps of maxillary posterior teeth occlude lingual to the buccal cusp of opposing mandibular teeth
= in a majority of posterior cross bite cases, both the opposing teeth are out of position
Therefore, the treatment consists of reciprocal movement of both teeth
The cross bite may involve one or more than one tooth and it may be unilateral or bilateral
The cross bite may originate in: dentition, craniofacial skeleton, and temporomandibular musculature
Types of cross bite:
1- Dental:
This condition involves only the localized tipping of a tooth or teeth and does not affect the size or shape of the basal bone
Muscular adjustment is always being made to provide an adequate accommodative occlusion
The midline coincides when the jaws are a part and diverge as the teeth come into occlusion
The most important diagnostic single point will be a symmetry of the dentoalveolar arch
2- Muscular:
This group includes all problems in malfunction of the dentofacial musculature
Any persistent alteration in the normal synchrony of the mandibular movement or muscle contraction may result in distorted growth of facial bones or abnormal position of the teeth
A simple lip sucking habit may give raise to class II dentition and profile. The sucking habit itself is a complicated neuromuscular reflex involving many muscles of the face, temporomandibular articulation and tongue
N: B:
= continued sucking may narrow the maxillary dental arch, this contraction of the maxillary arch give raise to another complicated neuromuscular habit pattern, mandibular retraction
= the narrowing of the maxillary arch results in tooth interference, and the mandible is then shifted posteriorly by the muscles to position of better occlusal function which is called compulsive disto-occlusion (Hotz)
= there is no clear cut differentiation between the dental and muscular type except for treatment, that for dental, teeth must be moved but in muscular, the adjustment often be gained by occlusal equilibration, which permits changes in the muscular reflexes governing mandibular positioning
3- Osseous:
= Aberrations in bony growth may give raise to cross bite in two ways:
1- A symmetric growth of maxill
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Introduction, definition-tongue thrusting, types,etiology, clinical features, types of swallow, habits contributing to tongue thrusting, buccinator mechanism, case history, diagnosis- informal,formal observation, examination, treatment-muscle exercises, various appliances, mechanism of action of appliances, prevalence, articles, reference.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
it explain need for extraction, choice of teeth for extraction, Wilkinson extraction, extraction of permanent teeth without appliance therapy, balance extractions, compensating extractions, additional factor to consider in extraction of teeth.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Treatment of crossbite /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cross bite
Definition: failure of the two dental arches to occlude normally in bucco-lingual or labiolingual direction due to:
1- Localized problem of tooth position or alveolar growth
2- Gross disharmony between maxilla and mandible
Anterior cross bite:
= can be present in primary as well as permanent dentition
= it may involve one or more teeth
= it is one of the most common malocclusion present in children
= it should be treated immediately because it is very rarely to self-correcting
= it can be predisposing to the development of class III malocclusion if two or more teeth are involved
Causes:
= over retained deciduous teeth
= crowding
= cleft palate
Posterior cross bite:
Caused by prolonged retention of deciduous molar
= the most common type of posterior cross bite is usually when the buccal cusps of maxillary posterior teeth occlude lingual to the buccal cusp of opposing mandibular teeth
= in a majority of posterior cross bite cases, both the opposing teeth are out of position
Therefore, the treatment consists of reciprocal movement of both teeth
The cross bite may involve one or more than one tooth and it may be unilateral or bilateral
The cross bite may originate in: dentition, craniofacial skeleton, and temporomandibular musculature
Types of cross bite:
1- Dental:
This condition involves only the localized tipping of a tooth or teeth and does not affect the size or shape of the basal bone
Muscular adjustment is always being made to provide an adequate accommodative occlusion
The midline coincides when the jaws are a part and diverge as the teeth come into occlusion
The most important diagnostic single point will be a symmetry of the dentoalveolar arch
2- Muscular:
This group includes all problems in malfunction of the dentofacial musculature
Any persistent alteration in the normal synchrony of the mandibular movement or muscle contraction may result in distorted growth of facial bones or abnormal position of the teeth
A simple lip sucking habit may give raise to class II dentition and profile. The sucking habit itself is a complicated neuromuscular reflex involving many muscles of the face, temporomandibular articulation and tongue
N: B:
= continued sucking may narrow the maxillary dental arch, this contraction of the maxillary arch give raise to another complicated neuromuscular habit pattern, mandibular retraction
= the narrowing of the maxillary arch results in tooth interference, and the mandible is then shifted posteriorly by the muscles to position of better occlusal function which is called compulsive disto-occlusion (Hotz)
= there is no clear cut differentiation between the dental and muscular type except for treatment, that for dental, teeth must be moved but in muscular, the adjustment often be gained by occlusal equilibration, which permits changes in the muscular reflexes governing mandibular positioning
3- Osseous:
= Aberrations in bony growth may give raise to cross bite in two ways:
1- A symmetric growth of maxill
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Anterior cross bites in primary& mixed dentition /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Buccolingual malrelationship of upper and lower
teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
Buccal crossbite: Lower teeth occlude buccal to
corresponding upper teeth .
Lingual crossbite (scissors bite): Lower teeth occlude
lingual to palatal cusps of upper teeth.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
2. Crossbite: is a discrepancy in buccolingual relationship
of upper and lower teeth. Changing in transverse
relationship.
3. Buccal crossbite: buccal cusp of lower teeth occlude
buccal to the buccal cusp of upper teeth.
Types of crossbite:
4. Lingual crossbite: buccal cusp of lower teeth occlude
lingual to the lingual cusps of upper teeth. Also called
scissors bite.
5. i . According to location in arch:
• Anterior crossbite
• Posterior crossbite:
:Classification of crossbite
6. ii. According to side:
• Unilateral posterior crosspite
• Bilateral posterior crossbite
7. iii. According to structure involved
• Dental crossbite
• Skeletal crossbite
• Functional crossbite
iiii. According side involved:
• Buccal crossbite
• Lingual crossbite
8. The width of the maxillary skeletal base can be seen by
The width of the palatal vault on the cast. If the base of
palatal vault is wide , but the dentoalveolar processes
lean in ward, the crossbite is dental in the sense that it
is caused by a distortion of the dental arch .
If the palatal vault is narrow and the maxillary teeth
lean outward but nevertheless are in crossbite, the
problem is skeletal in that it basically results from the
narrow width of the maxilla.
How to differentiate between dental and
skeletal crossbite ?
9.
10. i. Dental crossbite:
1. Arch length discrepancy.
2. Anomalies of number either supernumerary or missing teeth.
3. Anomalies of tooth size.
4. Anomalies of tooth shape.
5. Premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth.
6. Prolonged retention of deciduous teeth.
7. Delayed eruption of permanent teeth.
8. Abnormal eruptive path.
9. Ankylosis.
Etiology of crossbite:
11. ii. Soft tissues:
Poterior crossbite is often associated with hapits such
as a digit sucking hapit, as the position of the tongue is
lowered and a negative pressure is generated intra
orally.
12.
13. iii. Skeletal crossbite:
1. Hereditary (class III II ).
2. Congenital ( cleft lip and palate).
3. Trauma at birth .
4. Trauma during growth.
5. Trauma after completion of growth.
6. Habits.
19. Placing the wooden tongue blade
behind the tooth at angel 60 degree
Force by biting on it using the lower
teeth as a fulcrum 5-10 min
The method is effective when the
clinical crown is not completely visible in
the oral cavity , when sufficient space is
available
20. Bonded composite resin slopes
1. Composite resin was formed into an inclined slope
and applied to the labial surface
2. 3-4mm in thickness at 45 angle to the axis of the
tooth
3. The composite was cured and polished
21. It is an inclined plane cemented to lower incisor with
the use of acrylic resin to fabricate it.
The lower inclined plane should be 45 degree to the
maxillary occlusal plane
Catalans appliance could be used for single tooth or
whole anterior segment correction
Catalan’s Appliance
22. 1) Difficulty in speech & chewing
2) Patient cooperation required
3) Require frequent recementation
4) Can not be given if
Mandibular incisors are malaligned
Mandibular incisors are periodontally compromised
Disadvantages of Catlan’s Appliance
23. 1. Effective appliance in treating crossbite
2. Contain z-spring for single tooth anterior crossbite
3. Adam clasp
4. Hawley arch
5. Posterior bite plane
6. And acrylic base plate.
Use two z-spring or recurved z-spring if we have
multiple anterior crossbites
Removable orthodontic appliance
27. 1. T-spring or screw on the affected tooth
2. Adam's on 6 and 4
3. Hawley arch
4. Posterior bite plane ??????
5. Acrylic base plate
Treatment of single tooth posterior
crossbite with T-spring or screw
28. While the screw can correct two teeth or
expand the maxillary teeth bi-laterally in case
of bilateral posterior cross bite.
29.
30. Used to control/gide growth of mandible to prevent
anterior crossbite caused by excessive mandibular
growth
It rotate the mandible and sometimes used with
removable orthodontic appliance
Chin cup
31. Its use to correct a developing class lll skeletal jaw
relation with anterior crosssbite
Frankel III myofunctional appliance
32. Its use to give more expansion anteriorly or
posteriorly.
To de-rotate molar teeth.
Use as passive to aid retention of expansion.
The quadhelix appliance
33. The screw turned twice daily, resulting in expansion
of the order of 0.2-0.5mm/day.
Over an active treatment period of 2 weeks.
The large force generated to open the midline suture
by skeletal expansion so it is limited to patients in
early teens before suture closure or cleft palate
patients by stretching the scar tissue
Rapid maxillary expansion
34.
35.
36. 1. Use to correct anterior crossbite involving single
tooth or group by multi-looped archwires
2. Cross-elastics can to correction of individual tooth or
two teeth cross bites in the posterior segment by
buccal movement of maxillary posterior teeth
3. Lingual movement of mandibular teeth
Fix orthodontic appliances with cross
elastics