This document discusses research ethics, integrity, and chemical laboratory safety. It defines ethics as standards of right and wrong that form the basis of trust. Research ethics involves avoiding deception and promoting truthful aims. Key ethical principles include minimizing harm, respecting autonomy, and protecting privacy. The document also discusses research integrity, defined as adhering to moral and professional standards. It notes important terms like intellectual property and discusses hazards of chemicals, safe practices for handling materials, and legislation regarding hazardous substances.

1. WELCOM
E

2. Research Ethics, Research
Integrity and chemical Laboratory
safety
Vijay P Jadhav
Research Scholar
Dept. of Dairy Chemistry

3. Ethics
 Ethics are standards of moral conduct
 Standards of right and wrong behavior
 A gauge of personal integrity
 The basis of trust and cooperation in
relationships with others

4. Research Ethics
 Rules for distinguishing between right and
wrong.
 Avoids Confucius during research.
 Most people learn ethical norms at home, at
school, in church, or in other social settings.
 Moral development occurs throughout life.
 Promote the aims of research, such as
knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error.

5. Ethical Principals
 Ethical principals are tools which are used
to think in difficult situations.
 Three useful ethical principals:
 Minimizing harm
 Respecting autonomy
 Protecting privacy
 Treating people equitably
 Offering reciprocity

6. Need to follow Ethical
principle
 Promote the aims of research.
 Prohibitions against falsifying, or
misrepresenting research data
promote the truth and avoid error.
 Ethical standards promote
the values that are essential to
collaborative work, such as trust,
accountability, mutual respect, and
fairness.

7. Research Integrity
 May be defined as “active adherence to the
ethical principles and professional standards
essential for the responsible practice of
research”.
 NAS report definition: "For individuals
research integrity is an aspect of moral
character and experience”.

8. It includes following practices
 HONESTY
convey information truthfully and honoring commitments
 ACCURACY
report findings precisely and take care to avoid errors
 EFFICIENCY
use resources wisely and avoid waste
 OBJECTIVITY
let the facts speak for themselves and avoid improper
bias

9.  Collegiality in scientific interactions, communications and
sharing of resources.
 Disclosure of conflicts of interest.
 Humanity
care of animals in the conduct of research.
 Mutual Responsibilities
Adherence to the mutual responsibilities of mentors and
trainees.

10. Important Terms
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY:
Intangible creations protected by law
TRADE SECRET:
Intellectual work or products belonging to a business,
not in public domain
COPYRIGHT:
Statutory grant protecting intellectual property from
copying by others for 28 years
PATENT:
Legal document granting owner exclusive monopoly
on an invention for 17 years

11. Chemical Laboratory Safety

12. What are the additional hazards from
chemical materials?
 Toxic substances
 Solvents
 Corrosives
 Flammables
 Irritants
 Carcinogens
 Teratogens
 Mutagens
 Explosives
 Radiation
and many, many more

13. How do toxic materials enter the body?
 By mouth (contaminated
fingers!)
 By breathing in gases,
aerosols or powder
 By skin contact or damage
 By absorption through
intact skin
 By splashes into the eyes

14. What legislation applies?
 Control of Substances Hazardous to HealthControl of Substances Hazardous to Health
Use data sheets and other relevant information to
assess risk
 Consider not only reactants but also
intermediates, products and waste
 Take into account the format (e.g. solution or
powder) and the quantity to be used
 Determine safe working procedures
 Determine emergency procedures, ensuring that
all equipment and “mop-up” materials are
available
 Consider correct waste disposal

15. Fume Cupboards
 Ensure that the equipment
is working properly
 Ensure you know the
meaning of warning signals
and how to use any
controls
 Close the sash unless
loading or unloading
 Do not use fume
cupboards for storage
 Keep the work area clear
of other materials etc

16. Materials
 Obtain the minimumminimum amounts needed
for your work
 Ensure that all containers are clearly
labelledlabelled with their contents and a
hazard label
 Toxic materials must be locked awaylocked away
 Corrosive substances must be stored
securely at a low level in banded traysbanded trays
 Keep flammable materials in speciallyspecially
designed cupboardsdesigned cupboards and only have out
the minimum for immediate use (<50L
per room)
 Store acids, bases & solvents
separately

17. Good practice
 Never mouth-pipette
 Always dilute
concentrated acids by
adding the acid to water,
never the reverse
 Never carry Winchesters
by the neck – always
use a carrier
 Always leave benches,
balances etc. clean &
tidy after use

18. Radio-Active Materials & Work with
Lasers
 Work with radio-active
materials and lasers
requires special training
 You must notmust not use them
without authorisation
and training
 Your Departmental
Safety Staff can advise
or contact Trevor
Moseley in Safety
Services

19. Work with Cyanides & Hydrofluoric
Acid
 If you plan to use Cyanides or
Hydrofluoric Acid, you will have
to have specific permission from
your Departmental Safety Officer
 Attendance at a training course
at Safety Services will normally
be required
 The dangers of both substances,
especially hydrofluoric acid can
be greatly underestimated with
potentially fatalfatal results.
 They are both VERYVERY
DANGEROUSDANGEROUS substances

20. When in doubt – ASK!!!
 Do not carry out a
new or unfamiliar
procedure until you
have been fully
trained & understand
the precautions
necessary for safe
working
 DO NOT GUESS!!!!DO NOT GUESS!!!!

21. Bibliography
 J. P. Swazey, K. S. Louis, and M. S. Anderson, “The ethical training of
graduate students requires serious and continuing attention,” Chronicle of
Higher Education 9 (March 1994):B1–2;
 J. P. Swazey, “Ethical problems in academic research,” American Scientist
81(Nov./Dec. 1993):542–53.
 Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research (ACS Pubs.Div.)
http://pubs.acs.org/userimages/ContentEditor/1218054468605/ethics.pdf
 National lAcademy Press, Wash. D.C, 2009
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12192.html
 IEEE Policy Statement on Self-Plagiarism
http://www.comsoc.org/pubs/jrnal/transcom/Self_Plagiarism.pdf
 Managing Allegations of Scientific Misconduct: A Guidance Document for
Editors, January 2000, Office of Research Integrity, Office of Public Health
and Science, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services
http://ori.dhhs.gov.

22. Cont..
 National Institutes of Health Office of Extramural Research website.
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/datasharing/data_sharing_faqs.htm.
 The Office of Scientific and Technology Policy website.
http://www.ostp.gov/html/001207_3.html.
 United States Department of Agriculture website.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/awact.html