This document summarizes research methodology and design. It discusses types of research including pure and applied research as well as qualitative and quantitative research. It also outlines the research process including formulating research questions, developing a research proposal, and designing the research. The design considerations covered include design strategy, data collection methods, sampling, and pilot testing. It also discusses research ethics and characteristics of sound research.

1. Research MethodologyDesign and Processhttp://www.slideshare.net/shayaaBy SHAYA’A OTHMAN MBA [Distinction]Academic Fellow & Executive Director of Global Center of Excellencesottoman@gmail.comCentre for Graduate StudiesINSANIAH University College, Kedah MalaysiaTel +604 732 0163 Fax +604 732 0164 www.insaniah.edu.my

2. Types of Research 2.1 Pure and Applied Research 2.2 Qualitative and Quantitative Research 2.3 Research Process 2.3 Research Proposal 2.6 Ethics in Research

3. OVERVIEW OF DISCUSSION : RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch Process – Formulating of Research Question [s]

4. Research Process – Research Proposal

5. Research Process – RESEARCH DESIGN

6. Research Design – Design Strategy

7. Research Design - Qualitative & Quantitative Research

8. Research Design - Data Collection Design

9. Research Design – Sampling Design

10. Research Design – Pilot Testing

11. Research - Research Hypotheses

12. Research - Characteristics of Sound Research

13. APPLIED RESEARCHStudy & research that seeks to solve practical problems. Applied research is used to find solutions to everyday problems, cure illness, and develop innovative technologies.PURE RESEARCHStudy and research on pure science that is meant to increase our scientific knowledge base. This type of research is often purely theoretical with the intent of increasing our understanding of certain phenomena or behavior but does not seek to solve or treat these problems.PureAppliedPROCESSDEFINATIONETHICAL ISSUES1. ParticipantsTruthful

14. Right to Privacy

15. Right to be informed

16. Protection2. ResearcherPurpose of Research is Research

17. Objectivity

18. Misrepresentation of Research

19. Confidentiality

20. Dissemination of Faulty ConclusionRESEARCHETHICSTYPESQuantitative + QualitativeQuantitativeQualitativeMix Quantitative & QualitativeResearchQuantitative ResearchQualitativeResearch

21. 1. PROCESS OF FOURMULATING RESEARCH QUESTION [S] [Proses Menggubal Soalan Penyelidikan]

22. 2. RESEARCH PROPOSAL PROCESSProcess Cadangan Penyelidikan

23. 3. RESEARCH DESIGN[Reka Bentuk Penyelidikan ]

24. Design Strategy[ Type, Purpose, Time - Dimension, Scope, Environment]1. Types of Research2. Purpose of Study[a] Descriptive Studies : Research is concerned with finding out who, what, where, when, or how many. [b]Causal Studies: Research is concerned with learning why –that is, how one variable produces changes in another – it causal.. Explaining relationships among variables3 Time Dimension ;[a] Cross-sectional Studies : Study carried out once and represent snap-shot of one point at a time.[b] Longitudinal Studies: Study repeated over an extended period4. Scope :[a] Statistical Studies: Designed for breath rather than depth. Hypotheses tested quantitatively. Inferences and Generalization of population. From samples. [b]Case Studies : Hypotheses tested qualitatively. May provide major challenges to theory & for new hypothesis 5.Research Environment ; Field Conditions or laboratory conditions or simulation

25. QualitativeResearch

26. COMPARING QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

27. Data Collection Design[Reka Bentuk Pengumpulan Data ]

28. Sampling DesignQuantitative Research[Reka Bentuk Sampel – Penyelidikan Kuantitatif ]

29. COMPARISION OF PROBABILITY SAMPLING DESIGNContinued next page

30. COMPARISION OF PROBABILITY SAMPLING DESIGN [Continuation from previous page]

31. PILOT TESTINGPILOT TESTINGIt is meant to detect weakness in design and instrumentation.If the survey is big than a complete pilot testing may be carried out to detect weakness at all levels – design & instrumentation, suitability of sampling design, and also the adequacy of data for statistical analysis.A pilot testing may be carried out restricted to data collection activities only.The cost of the Research study, as well as its time frame, may be estimated from the pilot study.It helps to refine the Research Hypotheses

32. HYPOTHESES TESTINGFormulate PreliminaryHypothesesPreliminaryAnalysis PlanningRefine HypothesesData VisualizationHypotheses Testing

33. Characteristics of Sound Research[Ciri-ciri Penyelidikan Yang Baik ]

34. HIS Best Selling Books:SHAYA’A OTHMAN [2010]. MAPPiCXS: BerfikirSecara Genius . Alor Setar, Malaysia. Published by INSANIAH University College.SHAYA’A OTHMAN [2009]. In Search of Excellence in Life . Shah Alam, Malaysia. Published by International Islamic University College Selangor & Majlis Agama Islam Selangor .SHAYA’A OTHMAN, MBA [Distinction] from University of Keele, Staffordshire, England UK. Also graduated from University of Westminster London, UK with professional Qualification of Associate Institute of Statisticians UK. He is also a Council Member of Malaysian Institute of Statistics.Currently he is an academician, working as Academic Fellow [Islamic Management] at INSANIAH University College, Kedah, Malaysia; and Executive Director of INSANIAH Global Center of Excellence; Lecturer [part-time] at Center of Graduate Studies, [Selangor International Islamic University College, Malaysia), in Organizational Business Management; and Adjunct Professor [Management] at Europe International Islamic University [Turkish Branch]. He is also a Group CEO of INSANIAH Holdings.Past working experiences, in private and public sectors, both at national and international levels: CEO – INTERGEO Asia Pacific a Member Company of INTERGEO Environmental Technology Ltd Austria [2002-2005]; CEO-Asia Pacific Region of Jetpa Group of Turkey [2004- 1995]; Sr. General Manager [Project & Strategic Planning Division], Hong Leong Group, Malaysia [1994-1997]; Deputy Director General of Fisheries Development Authority Malaysia [1992-1994]; and Chairman of Technical Advisory Council of INFOFISH – Regional Intergovernmental Agency of United Nation, [1988-1989] .