This document discusses energy technologies. It defines energy technology as the efficient extraction, conversion, transportation, storage and use of energy. It describes non-renewable energy sources like coal, petroleum and natural gas that come from fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and hydropower are also discussed. The effects of renewable and non-renewable energy on the environment are compared, with renewable energy being more environmentally friendly through lower carbon emissions but non-renewable energy releasing toxic gases and contributing to global warming.

2. OUSHAL KHOSO
2K15/EVS/29
TOPIC : ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
ASSINED BY : SIR MUHAMMAD ALI BHATTI

3. CONTENT
 Energy
 Nature of Energy
 History
 What is Energy Technology
 Non-renewable Energy Techniques
 Renewable Energy Techniques
 Effects of Renewable and Non-renewable Energy

4. ENERGY ?
The ability to do work is known as Energy.
Nature of Energy: Energy is all around you!
 You can hear energy as sound.
 You can see energy as light.
 And you can feel it as wind
Living organisms need energy for growth and movement

5. History
 The invention of fire
accidentally proved a major
boost for early man to evolve
into what we are today.
 2.5 million years ago

6. Energy technologies ?
 Energy technology is an interdisciplinary
engineering science having to do with the efficient,
safe, environmentally friendly and economical extraction,
conversion, transportation, storage and use of energy.
 Target to yielding more energy for the usage.

7. Non-Renewable Energy Technologies
Non-renewable energy comes from sources that will run out or will not
be replenished in our lifetimes—or even in many, many lifetimes.
Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels
 Coal
 Petroleum
 Natural Gas
Carbon is the main element in fossil fuels.
The time period that fossil fuels formed (ab360-300 million years ago) is called the
Carboniferous Period.

8. COAL
Coal is a black or brownish rock. We burn coal to create energy.
Coal is a reliable source of energy. We can rely on it day and night, summer and
winter, sunshine or rain, to provide fuel and electricity.
 The process of forming coal is called Carbonization.
Its mostly used for power generation such as Electricity.

11. Petroleum
 Petroleum is a liquid fossil fuel. It is
also called oil or crude oil.
Its mostly used for
 Gasoline 46%
 Heating Oil / Diesel Fuel 20%
 Jet Fuel ( kerosene) 8%

12. Natural Gas
Natural gas is another fossil fuel that is trapped underground in reservoirs.
It is mostly made up of methane.
You may have smelled methane before which smells like rotten eggs.
To reach natural gas, companies use a process called “hydraulic fracturing,”
or fracking.

14. Renewable Energy Technologies
The energy source that is naturally replenished.
Its also known as Non-conventional source of Energy.
 Solar
 Wind
 Geo thermal
 Biomass
 Biofuel
 Hydropower

15. SOLAR ENERGY
Solar power is by far the Earth's most available energy source, easily capable
of providing many times the total current energy demand.
Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity
Two main commercial ways of conversion of sunlight into electricity.
• Concentrating Solar Thermal Plant (CSP)
• Photovoltaic Plants/plates (PV)

18. WIND ENERGY
Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to
mechanically power generators for electric power.
The minimum speed required for satisfactory working of a wind generator is 15km/hr
Wind Energy is growing as the second fastest growing source of energy and it’s the
cheapest way to produce electricity.

22. Hydropower
This is called hydroelectric power or hydropower.
The most common type of hydroelectric power plant uses a dam on a
river to store water in a reservoir.
Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it,
which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.

25. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
The Energy harnessed from the hot rocks present inside the earth is called
geothermal energy.
high temperature and pressure steam fields exist below the earth’s surface in
many places. The heat comes from the fission of radioactive material naturally
present in the rocks.

28. Environmental Effects of Renewable and
Non- renewable energy
Renewable Energy
o Lower carbon emission
o Green and environment friendly
o Produce clean energy
o Geothermal bring toxic chemicals beneath the earth surface.
Non-renewable Energy
o Higher carbon emission
o Release toxic gases
o Cause of global warming
o Use of nuclear material leads to dangerous disorders to human.