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Pumping systems use more energy than any other type of motor driven system, and so should always be a primary candidate when looking to make energy savings at a site.
Energy Savings in Industrial WaterPumping SystemsMECandPMV
The aim of this presentation is to present ways in which to reduce the cost of water pumping in the industry.
A variety of water pumping systems and the problems associated with them will be presented.
It is also describes opportunities in which to save energy.
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The objective of this webinar is to give an introduction to energy saving in pumping systems, with an emphasis on the control strategies available for optimising the different types of systems commonly found in industry and commercial buildings. It will also give an overview of the cost effective selection of energy efficient pumps and motors.
Pumping systems use more energy than any other type of motor driven system, and so should always be a primary candidate when looking to make energy savings at a site.
Energy Savings in Industrial WaterPumping SystemsMECandPMV
The aim of this presentation is to present ways in which to reduce the cost of water pumping in the industry.
A variety of water pumping systems and the problems associated with them will be presented.
It is also describes opportunities in which to save energy.
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Hydrostatic Continuous Variable Power Transmission Drive for Two wheelers usi...ijsrd.com
Power transmission is an extremely important factor for the automotive industry today. In vehicles, the power transmission system is the major source of energy losses. This is an intentionally compact review for a module addressing basic Fluid Mechanics for incompressible fluids within the context of Applied Energy Systems. Rather than attempting to cover Fluid Mechanics in a very broad and general way, two practical areas are selected in the use of fluids, hydrostatic power transmission systems and the flow of fluids through pipes and fittings. Thus readers are prepared for applying the same and similar principles to a much broader range of practical applications in the future. The present review work relates to a rotary pump and motor transmission system, which permits a change in ratio between the speed of the driver and driven shafts from direct drive to neutral position. This transmission, which may be adopted for many uses, such as vehicles and machine tools, is endowed with the utmost ease of operation even under load, is of a simple and rugged construction and offers safety of operation even after an extended use.
Hydrostatic transmission as an alternative to conventional gearboxeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
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The file contains all details of Hydraulic pump motors and actuators. This is the part of the subject Oil Hydraulic and Pneumatic in GTU in 7th semester.
A variable speed drive can save 20% to 50% depending on the operating cycle and average flow. Applying variable speed drives to ventilation systems creates 20% to 70% in energy savings!
Wheel Hub Motor for Automotive Applicationsssuser0c220d
Wheel Motors were developed for the Autonomy fuel cell concept vehicle project.
Enables the low profile “skateboard” chassis by placing the traction motors in the wheels.
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Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
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Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
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Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
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The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Bob Boule
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While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
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In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
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Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
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1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
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Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
3. Introduction
• The electric motor is the single largest
electricity-using device in the world.
• Implementing efficiency improvements can help
avoid the need for expanding electricity supply --
and is a more cost effective & environmentally
friendly solution.
4. Basic Concept of Motor Efficiency
• System analysis
▫ Motors are a part of a system
▫ Optimize the process
• Integrate measures
▫ Focus on integrated packages of savings
opportunities rather than isolated measures, since
many savings are inter-dependent
5. Motor Characteristics
Motor Speed
• The speed of a motor is the number of revolutions in a
given time frame, typically revolutions per minute (RPM).
• Speed depends on the frequency of the input power and
the number of poles.
Synchronous speed (RPM) = 120 x frequency / No. of
Poles
6. Motor Characteristics
Motor Speed
• Actual speed is less than the synchronous speed. The difference
between synchronous and full load speed is called slip (measured in %)
• Slip (%) = Synchronous Speed – Full Load Speed x 100
Synchronous Speed
• Theoretically, the speed of an AC motor can be varied infinitely by
changing the frequency.
• With the addition of a variable speed drive (VSD), the speed of the
motor can be decreased as well as increased.
7. Motor Characteristics
Power Factor
• Power Factor = cosØ = kW/kVA
• As the load on the motor comes down, the
magnitude of active current is reduced -- but not
the corresponding magnetizing current, which is
proportional to the supply voltage. As a result, the
Power Factor decreases.
8. Motor Efficiency (η)
• Two important attributes relating to efficiency of electricity
use by motors are:
▫ Efficiency – ratio of the mechanical energy delivered at the
rotating shaft to the electrical energy input at its terminal
▫ Power Factor
• A higher value for η and a PF close to unity are desired for
overall efficiency of the system
• Squirrel cage motors are normally more efficient than slip-
ring motors.
• Higher speed motors are normally more efficient than lower
speed motors.
• Also, motor efficiency increases with the rated capacity.
10. Motor Efficiency
• Efficiency of a motor is determined by intrinsic
losses that can be reduced only by changes in
motor design.
• Intrinsic losses are of two types:
▫ Fixed Losses – independent of motor load
▫ Variable Losses – dependent on load
11. Motor Efficiency
Fixed Losses
• Fixed Losses = Magnetic core losses + F&W (friction and
windage) losses
▫ F&W losses are caused by friction in the bearings of the
motor
• Magnetic core losses = Eddy current losses + Hysteresis
losses
• Vary with the core material, and with input voltage
12. Motor Efficiency
Variable Losses
• Consist of resistance losses in the stator and in the
rotor, and miscellaneous stray losses.
• Resistance to current flow in the stator and rotor result
in heat generation that is proportional to the resistance
of the material and square of the current (I2R).
• Stray losses arise from a variety of sources and are
difficult to either measure or calculate, but are
generally proportional to the square of the rotor
current.
13. Motor Efficiency
Approximate losses in Motors**
Stator Resistance Loss - 6.0 %
Rotor Resistance Loss - 3.5 %
Core Loss - 3.0 %
- Hysteresis Loss
- Eddy Current Loss
Friction & Windage Loss - 0.7%
Stray Load Loss - 1.4%
Motor Input - 100%
Power Delivered at Shaft - 85.4%
** approximate values
15. Energy Efficient Motors
Energy efficient motors incorporate design improvements
specifically to increase operating efficiency over standard motor
design.
16. Energy Efficient Motors
• Improvements include:
▫ Use of lower-loss silicon steel
▫ Longer core (to increase active material)
▫ Thicker wires (to reduce resistance)
▫ Thinner lamination
▫ Reduced air gap between stator and rotor
▫ Copper instead of aluminum bars in the rotor
▫ Superior bearings, etc.
• Energy efficient motors are designed to operate without loss
in efficiency at loads between 75% and 100% of rated
capacity.
• The power factor is about the same or may be higher than for
standard motors.
17. Energy Efficient Motors
• Energy efficiency motors:
▫ Have lower operating temperatures
▫ Have lower noise levels
▫ Are less affected by supply voltage fluctuations
• Energy efficient motors cover a wide range of ratings
and the full load efficiencies are higher by 3-7%.
18. Optimizing Motor Performance
• Minimize Voltage Unbalance
▫ Balance single phase loads
▫ Segregate any single phase loads which disturb the load
balance and feed them from a separate line/transformer
• Motor Loading
Reducing Under-loading
▫ Proper sizing
▫ Connect to star mode
19. Optimizing Motor Performance
Calculate Motor Loading
% Loading
= Input power drawn by the motor at existing load x 100
Name plate kW rating/Name plate efficiency
▫ % Loading
= Input power drawn by the motor at existing load x 100
Name plate √3 x V x I x Cosϕ rating/Name plate efficiency
Loading should not be estimated as ratio of currents
Manage Variable Load
Adopting control strategies (multi speed motors, fluid couplings
and VSD)
20. Optimizing Motor Performance
Maintenance
• Perform regular inspection for wear in bearings and
housings and for dirt/dust in motor ventilating ducts
• Check load conditions
• Lubricate appropriately
• Check periodically for proper alignment of the motor and
driven equipment
• Ensure properly sized supply wiring
21. Optimizing Motor Performance
Motor Re-winding
• Rewinding can affect energy efficiency:
▫ Winding and slot design
▫ Winding material
▫ Insulation thickness
▫ Operating temperature
• Measure no-load losses before and after to assess the
affect of re-winding
22. Optimizing Motor Performance
Soft Starters: Background
• At the time of start, an induction motor will develop excess torque
than required at full speed.
• At the instant of start-up, there is an unnecessary heavy power
surge.
• The sudden impact at start-up on the load, followed by the rapid
acceleration to full speed, causes excessive wear on the
mechanical drive component:
▫ Belts and pulleys
▫ Gears and chains
▫ Couplings and bearings.
▫ Cavitations in pumps etc.
23. Optimizing Motor Performance
Soft Starters
• Provides controlled delivery of starting current for operation
• Advantages of soft starters:
Less mechanical stress
Improved power factor
Lower maximum demand
Less mechanical maintenance
24. Motor Starters
600-700% DIRECT-ON-LINE
STAR-DELTA
CURRENT
SOFT START
100%
TIME
25. Optimizing System Performance
Other Components that Affect Energy Efficiency
• Gearboxes
▫ Worm reduction box approx. 85-90% efficiency
▫ Helical reduction box typically 97-98% efficiency
• Belt drives
▫ Compared to a “V” belt:
Wedge belt gives approx. 2% efficiency improvement
Flat/ribbed belt up to 6%
26. Energy Efficiency Opportunities in Motors
Ask whether system
is doing a useful job
Reduce
System losses
Improve the Power
Quality
Select the
drive
machinery
for best
efficiency
Switch it off
Slow it
down
Select the Reduce
motor for best transmission
efficiency losses
27. Identification Of Energy Efficiency
Measures
Operating motors in STAR Instead of DELTA
• For motors that constantly operate at loads below 40% of
rated capacity
• Operating in STAR mode leads to a voltage reduction by a
factor of ‘√3’
• Automatic Delta - Star mode of operating, for motors which
are loaded from 40% to 80% in different cycles of loading
• This also reduces the torque capacity of the motor
28. Energy Efficiency Measures
• Use of energy efficient motors as retrofits
(replacements) for existing old and rewound
motors after a review of motor rewinding practice.
• Use of energy efficient motors for new equipment
with proper sizing
• Power factor correction
29. Energy Efficiency Measures
• Application of soft starters
• Installation of VFDs in case of variable load
pattern
• Replacement of gear box and use of fluid
coupling / belt drives
• Use of dual speed motors - Application oriented
30. For More Information:
Pradeep Kumar
Senior Technical Specialist
Alliance to Save Energy- India
10/5, Rhenius Street, Richmond Town
Bangalore – 560025, India
Tel: + 91-80-22112072
Email : pkumar@ase.org
www.ase.org or www.watergy.org