The document provides a history of the city of Amsterdam from its origins in 1200 AD as a fishing settlement, through its Golden Age in the 17th century as a major trading power and center of the Dutch East India Company's spice trade, to its period of decline in the late 18th/early 19th century with the loss of its overseas empire and slow industrialization. Key events included Amsterdam switching allegiance during the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule in 1578, its growth as a center of Protestantism and trade, the construction of its iconic rings of canals during its Golden Age, and its eventual stagnation after the Napoleonic era.
The document discusses the future of cities and sustainable city planning. It begins with an introduction to the assigned project to design a future city called City X. It then provides background on what defines a city, the history of cities, factors that make a good city, and case studies of the ancient city of Priene and current city planning approaches. The goal is to understand different city models and apply lessons from the past and present to create a sustainable design for City X to address the challenges of the future.
The document discusses a student project to investigate and propose a future town. It begins with an introduction describing the project requirements to study a past, present and future city. It then analyzes the ancient city of Athens, Greece, noting its systematic layout with an upper and lower city. Athens emphasized water management through its aqueduct system, which was an underground pipeline that distributed water across the city. The student concludes that Athens was sustainable due to its organized planning and hydraulic infrastructure, and these elements should be considered for the proposed future town.
This document provides information about Chan Pei Shan's final project on representing future cities. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future cities, including Rome, New York City and Tokyo. It also includes a case study on a floating water city. Some key points are:
- Ancient Rome started as a trading hub and its accessible pathways inspired future city design.
- New York City has extensive public transport and walkways, encouraging greener transportation.
- Future Tokyo aims to be the world's greenest city with overhead transport and renewable energy.
- Floating water cities require consideration of economics, environment and social issues for long-term viability.
The document is a report on a student project to design an improved livable town. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future towns, as well as an underwater town setting for the new proposed town. For the ancient town investigation, it describes the architecture and infrastructure of Pompeii and Babylon. For present towns, it provides details on Oslo, Norway including its history, economy, population growth and landmarks like the Ski Jump Tower. It also describes transportation systems in Tokyo. The report will be used to propose a new improved underwater town that incorporates sustainable and high-tech elements for comfortable future living.
The document provides details on the planning and design for a new sustainable town called Vert Town. It begins with background research on elements of ancient, present, and future towns. This includes an analysis of Corfu Town in Greece, New York City, and vertical city concepts. The document then proposes Vert Town as the new development, with the aim of creating a sustainable lifestyle focused on agriculture and tourism. Key characteristics and elements of Vert Town are outlined, including a radial grid layout, mountain central attraction, solar and wind energy infrastructure, bicycle and train transportation, and clustering of government, health, and education facilities.
This document discusses an ancient city called Mohenjo-daro as research for a student project to design a new future city. It provides background on Mohenjo-daro, including its history as a major city from the Indus Valley Civilization around 2600 BCE, and details of its advanced urban planning with a organized street grid layout and public buildings. The document analyzes what made Mohenjo-daro a significant ancient city and concludes that the student can draw on its well-planned grid structure for their new proposed future city design.
The document provides details about Mak Mun Choon's final project proposal for a future city called "Floating Diamond". It includes an introduction outlining the project requirements to propose a new layout for the fictional city of "X" due to it becoming unlivable. Research was conducted on ancient, present and future cities. Key elements from ancient Greek cities like their stadium design and building architecture will be incorporated into Floating Diamond. Details about present day London include its transportation network and economy focused on financial services. The proposed new city of Floating Diamond will be a floating city designed to house 150,000 to 500,000 Malaysian citizens.
This document reports on investigating past, present, and future towns to propose a new livable town. It summarizes investigations of the ancient Agora of Athens and present-day Incheon, South Korea to identify important elements. These include green spaces, public gathering areas, transportation infrastructure, and emphasis on education and business. The proposed new town, called "The Blue Viridescent", incorporates these elements through high-rise residential buildings, a port, preserved forests, green roofs, and renewable energy generation. The conclusion is that investigating different towns over time can help create a sustainable future town that balances livability and environmental protection.
The document discusses the future of cities and sustainable city planning. It begins with an introduction to the assigned project to design a future city called City X. It then provides background on what defines a city, the history of cities, factors that make a good city, and case studies of the ancient city of Priene and current city planning approaches. The goal is to understand different city models and apply lessons from the past and present to create a sustainable design for City X to address the challenges of the future.
The document discusses a student project to investigate and propose a future town. It begins with an introduction describing the project requirements to study a past, present and future city. It then analyzes the ancient city of Athens, Greece, noting its systematic layout with an upper and lower city. Athens emphasized water management through its aqueduct system, which was an underground pipeline that distributed water across the city. The student concludes that Athens was sustainable due to its organized planning and hydraulic infrastructure, and these elements should be considered for the proposed future town.
This document provides information about Chan Pei Shan's final project on representing future cities. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future cities, including Rome, New York City and Tokyo. It also includes a case study on a floating water city. Some key points are:
- Ancient Rome started as a trading hub and its accessible pathways inspired future city design.
- New York City has extensive public transport and walkways, encouraging greener transportation.
- Future Tokyo aims to be the world's greenest city with overhead transport and renewable energy.
- Floating water cities require consideration of economics, environment and social issues for long-term viability.
The document is a report on a student project to design an improved livable town. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future towns, as well as an underwater town setting for the new proposed town. For the ancient town investigation, it describes the architecture and infrastructure of Pompeii and Babylon. For present towns, it provides details on Oslo, Norway including its history, economy, population growth and landmarks like the Ski Jump Tower. It also describes transportation systems in Tokyo. The report will be used to propose a new improved underwater town that incorporates sustainable and high-tech elements for comfortable future living.
The document provides details on the planning and design for a new sustainable town called Vert Town. It begins with background research on elements of ancient, present, and future towns. This includes an analysis of Corfu Town in Greece, New York City, and vertical city concepts. The document then proposes Vert Town as the new development, with the aim of creating a sustainable lifestyle focused on agriculture and tourism. Key characteristics and elements of Vert Town are outlined, including a radial grid layout, mountain central attraction, solar and wind energy infrastructure, bicycle and train transportation, and clustering of government, health, and education facilities.
This document discusses an ancient city called Mohenjo-daro as research for a student project to design a new future city. It provides background on Mohenjo-daro, including its history as a major city from the Indus Valley Civilization around 2600 BCE, and details of its advanced urban planning with a organized street grid layout and public buildings. The document analyzes what made Mohenjo-daro a significant ancient city and concludes that the student can draw on its well-planned grid structure for their new proposed future city design.
The document provides details about Mak Mun Choon's final project proposal for a future city called "Floating Diamond". It includes an introduction outlining the project requirements to propose a new layout for the fictional city of "X" due to it becoming unlivable. Research was conducted on ancient, present and future cities. Key elements from ancient Greek cities like their stadium design and building architecture will be incorporated into Floating Diamond. Details about present day London include its transportation network and economy focused on financial services. The proposed new city of Floating Diamond will be a floating city designed to house 150,000 to 500,000 Malaysian citizens.
This document reports on investigating past, present, and future towns to propose a new livable town. It summarizes investigations of the ancient Agora of Athens and present-day Incheon, South Korea to identify important elements. These include green spaces, public gathering areas, transportation infrastructure, and emphasis on education and business. The proposed new town, called "The Blue Viridescent", incorporates these elements through high-rise residential buildings, a port, preserved forests, green roofs, and renewable energy generation. The conclusion is that investigating different towns over time can help create a sustainable future town that balances livability and environmental protection.
This document provides a completion report for an enterprise development and vocational skills training project implemented by the Institute of Rural Management (IRM) in partnership with the Foundation for Integrated Development Action (FIDA) and funded by the German Embassy. The project aimed to provide enterprise and skills training to local communities in Chitral and Dera Ismail Khan districts of Pakistan. IRM conducted enterprise development training for 75 participants and four vocational skills courses on trades like mobile phone repair for another 50 participants. The report outlines the objectives, partners and activities of the training program and provides organizational backgrounds of IRM and FIDA who collaborated to deliver the training.
This document discusses the planning of a sustainable future town. It begins by examining elements of ancient towns like Babylon, including its hanging gardens. It then looks at present towns like Paris, focusing on the green gardens and public spaces. For the future town, it outlines components of a livable and sustainable town, such as environmental protection, economic diversity, accessibility, citizen involvement and more. It emphasizes the importance of green spaces, efficient infrastructure, and engaging the community in the planning process. The goal is to understand different town elements and apply them to create a new, livable model town that considers both people and the environment.
This appendix contains the questionnaires used in the HERE Project student transition surveys from 2009 and 2011. It includes questions about students' experiences adjusting to university, their academic and social experiences, and whether they have considered withdrawing. It also collects demographic information. The purpose is to understand student experience and identify ways to improve support for students, with the goal of increasing retention rates. Anonymized data was analyzed and may be shared with other universities and in academic papers.
This project implemented nine school repositories and one university-wide learning repository integrated within the university's virtual learning environment to support sharing and reuse of learning resources. The project aimed to increase deposit and usage of resources through establishing workflows for content creation and resource sharing. Key outcomes included developing a metadata schema and selection criteria for learning objects, as well as increasing strategic focus on repository provision as reflected in university policies and strategies. The project successfully implemented the technical infrastructure but did not develop an interface between the learning repository and institutional repository as originally planned.
This document is a final project report for an Introduction to Construction Industry course. It contains proposals from two students, Zoe Low and Yeo Kai Wen, for developing a piece of empty land in Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Zoe proposes developing the land into a one-story drive-through cafe next to a petrol station and highway. This would benefit nearby commercial buildings by attracting more customers. However, it could block views of and access to some shop buildings.
Yeo also proposes a commercial development - a one-story fast food restaurant. This would enhance the area and be convenient for local residents. However, it may cause traffic and parking issues if very popular.
Final Report (TCP/RLA/0069)
Development of Standards for the Construction and Inspection of Fishing Vessels
Final Report TCP/RLA/0069 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/final-report-of-project-57610513
Annex I http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-i-57610511
Annex II http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-ii-57610508
Annex III http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-iii
Annex IV http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-iv-57610500
Annex V http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-v-57610497
Annex VI http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-vi-57610495
Schedule 1 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-1-57610492
Schedule 2 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-2-57610486
Schedule 3 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-3-57610481
Schedule 4 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-4-57610477
Schedule 5 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-5-57610474
Schedule 6 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-6-57610470
Schedule 7 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-7-57610465
Schedule 8 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-8-57610456
Schedule 9 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-9-57610450
Schedule 10 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-10-57610439
Schedule 11 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-11-57610431
Annex VII http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-vii-57610416
Annex VIII http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-viii-57610410
Annex IX http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-ix-57610400
Annex X http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-x-57610393
Annex XI http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-xi-57610383
This document presents the findings of the HERE Project conducted from 2008-2011 between Nottingham Trent University, Bournemouth University, and University of Bradford. The project examined student retention, with two main strands: 1) the impact of student doubts about continuing their studies, and 2) differences between first-year university programs. Some key findings include that approximately one-third of first-year students experienced strong doubts about withdrawing, and these doubting students were more likely to leave than non-doubters. The report provides recommendations to help manage factors associated with doubting, support student integration and belonging, and foster motivation to improve retention.
This document provides guidance and instructions for submitting final reports for projects funded by the Alpine Space Programme 2007-2013. It outlines the documents and sections required for the final report, including a publishable summary of key achievements and lessons learned (Section A), a technical report on project impacts and cooperation (Section B), and a declaration from the lead partner (Section C). Instructions are provided for the last progress report, highlighting the transnational impact and updating the budget. Projects must maintain their website and outputs for at least two years after closure and comply with subsidy contract terms regarding record keeping, dissemination of results, and avoiding substantial project modifications.
Business development & market research colloquim reportNanda Kumar Ambati
This document summarizes an internship report submitted by Ambati Nanda Kumar for their internship with Ozone Experiential Learning Technologies Pvt Ltd (OELT). During the internship, Kumar worked with Hands On, a subsidiary of OELT focused on experiential learning. As part of their duties, Kumar supported business development by generating leads and conducting sales and marketing analytics. Kumar met with several potential clients in Bangalore across various industries and discussed their training needs. The internship provided Kumar exposure to experiential learning programs and business development activities at OELT and Hands On.
A Test Closure Document contains a checklist of items that must be met to close a test project and activities after closure, including meeting exit criteria, executing all test cases, addressing all defects, and archiving relevant materials. In contrast, a Test Closure Report is a simple email to stakeholders indicating testing is complete and whether the application meets exit criteria, providing details to substantiate the go/no-go decision like the number of defects found, fixed, and remaining.
The document provides an introduction to a course on project monitoring and evaluation. It will cover various topics related to project management over 15 sessions totaling 42 hours. Key concepts that will be discussed include the project cycle, monitoring and evaluation logic and cycle, evaluation techniques, indicators, and data collection for monitoring and evaluation. It emphasizes understanding the practical meanings and importance of concepts rather than mathematical equations.
This document provides guidelines for students to follow when preparing an industrial visit project report for a BBA program. It outlines the required sections of the report, including a title page, certificate, acknowledgements, preface, and index. The main body of the report should include sections covering the company profile, history, organization structure, location, production, financial information, marketing, human resource management, research and development, social obligations, findings, suggestions, and conclusions. Formatting and reference guidelines are also included. The overall purpose is to guide students in comprehensively documenting and reporting on their visit to an organization in a standardized format.
The document provides a project closure report for a project to develop an e-learning course to train managers on creating effective action plans from employee survey results. It summarizes that the project was completed on time and within budget despite some challenges. Key highlights included completing a thorough needs assessment, developing an effective risk management plan, and addressing all deliverables to a high quality. The e-learning course achieved success according to defined criteria and metrics, with over 90% of managers now able to accurately interpret survey results and write compliant action plans.
This document is a project report for a BSc in Aerospace Technology that details the design of a power unit for a basic ornithopter. It includes a literature review of ornithopter mechanics, components, and case studies to inform the design. Prototypes were fabricated and theoretical calculations were performed before finalizing the design in CAD software. The power unit consists of small electrical and mechanical components like a motor, gearing system, servo, and electronics to enable the flapping wing motion of the ornithopter.
The document provides a quality assurance review of a project closure report. It summarizes key metrics regarding the project's budget variance, schedule variance, delivery of business functional requirements, resource management, total life cycle costs, and impact on the business case. The review covers the original and revised budgets and schedule, actual costs, requirements delivered, resource hours, ongoing costs, benefits, and savings. It concludes by providing a link to the author's LinkedIn profile.
The document describes the implementation of an ERP system for Global Bike Inc. using SAP software. It outlines GBI's operations and establishes a chart of accounts. It then demonstrates key procurement processes in SAP, including creating material master data, a vendor master, a purchase requisition, purchase order, and paying the vendor's invoice. The implementation is broken into phases with the goal of centralized, integrated business processes across GBI's divisions.
Construction of CNG station project final report.Hagi Sahib
This document provides a project report for the construction of a CNG station in Gujar Khan, Pakistan. Key details include an overview of the CNG industry and market demand, the project vision, mission, description, budget, management plan, requirements, risks, milestones, and scope. The project involves establishing a CNG refueling station through a partnership with four sponsors. A site has been selected and the necessary licenses and approvals will be obtained. The station will provide a needed service while generating profits and helping grow the local CNG industry.
Project End Report - Project Management template Simon Misiewicz
Optimise-GB provides you with a free template for the Project End Report. This is a very useful document at the end of the project to take stock and compare the achieved results against those originally expected. This report lists the project deliverables and against each will suggest what was completed in time, cost and within the quality requirements. This document will also list the number and descriptions of the change requests, and the associated impact of each on the project. Please contact me should you have any questions on simon@optimise-gb.com. Many thanks Simon Misiewicz
The document discusses marketing concepts including definitions of marketing, the marketing mix, and the product life cycle. It provides details on marketing strategies for a new PDA called the Sonic PDA, including segmentation of the target market, positioning, and marketing mixes for each stage of the product life cycle from introduction to decline. Marketing objectives and strategies are outlined for each stage to maximize sales and profits over the lifespan of the product.
This document discusses various topics related to monitoring and controlling contracts and projects. It describes the monitoring and control cycle including assessing progress, collecting details, and reporting status using methods like RAG reports, Gantt charts, and earned value analysis. It also discusses change control procedures, types of contracts for acquiring software from external suppliers, and the tendering and evaluation process for selecting suppliers.
The document summarizes information about ancient and modern cities. It discusses the ancient city of Rome, providing details about its history, road system, education system, sports events, and transportation methods. It then moves to discussing definitions of what makes a city and what makes a good city. Overall, the document presents background information and investigations into elements of ancient and modern urban planning and infrastructure.
This document provides an overview of a student's final project for an Elements of Natural Built and Environment course. It discusses the requirements of the project, which involves planning an ideal livable town. It then reviews the history and components of cities and towns. Examples of the ancient city of Rome and the present-day city of Santorini, Greece are analyzed. Key lessons from each city that could apply to planning a future sustainable town are highlighted, such as Rome's sanitation system and Santorini's architecture and urban planning. The document serves to provide background information and inspiration for the student's own planned town called STARVERT, which will focus on sustainability and livability.
This document provides a completion report for an enterprise development and vocational skills training project implemented by the Institute of Rural Management (IRM) in partnership with the Foundation for Integrated Development Action (FIDA) and funded by the German Embassy. The project aimed to provide enterprise and skills training to local communities in Chitral and Dera Ismail Khan districts of Pakistan. IRM conducted enterprise development training for 75 participants and four vocational skills courses on trades like mobile phone repair for another 50 participants. The report outlines the objectives, partners and activities of the training program and provides organizational backgrounds of IRM and FIDA who collaborated to deliver the training.
This document discusses the planning of a sustainable future town. It begins by examining elements of ancient towns like Babylon, including its hanging gardens. It then looks at present towns like Paris, focusing on the green gardens and public spaces. For the future town, it outlines components of a livable and sustainable town, such as environmental protection, economic diversity, accessibility, citizen involvement and more. It emphasizes the importance of green spaces, efficient infrastructure, and engaging the community in the planning process. The goal is to understand different town elements and apply them to create a new, livable model town that considers both people and the environment.
This appendix contains the questionnaires used in the HERE Project student transition surveys from 2009 and 2011. It includes questions about students' experiences adjusting to university, their academic and social experiences, and whether they have considered withdrawing. It also collects demographic information. The purpose is to understand student experience and identify ways to improve support for students, with the goal of increasing retention rates. Anonymized data was analyzed and may be shared with other universities and in academic papers.
This project implemented nine school repositories and one university-wide learning repository integrated within the university's virtual learning environment to support sharing and reuse of learning resources. The project aimed to increase deposit and usage of resources through establishing workflows for content creation and resource sharing. Key outcomes included developing a metadata schema and selection criteria for learning objects, as well as increasing strategic focus on repository provision as reflected in university policies and strategies. The project successfully implemented the technical infrastructure but did not develop an interface between the learning repository and institutional repository as originally planned.
This document is a final project report for an Introduction to Construction Industry course. It contains proposals from two students, Zoe Low and Yeo Kai Wen, for developing a piece of empty land in Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Zoe proposes developing the land into a one-story drive-through cafe next to a petrol station and highway. This would benefit nearby commercial buildings by attracting more customers. However, it could block views of and access to some shop buildings.
Yeo also proposes a commercial development - a one-story fast food restaurant. This would enhance the area and be convenient for local residents. However, it may cause traffic and parking issues if very popular.
Final Report (TCP/RLA/0069)
Development of Standards for the Construction and Inspection of Fishing Vessels
Final Report TCP/RLA/0069 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/final-report-of-project-57610513
Annex I http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-i-57610511
Annex II http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-ii-57610508
Annex III http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-iii
Annex IV http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-iv-57610500
Annex V http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-v-57610497
Annex VI http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-vi-57610495
Schedule 1 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-1-57610492
Schedule 2 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-2-57610486
Schedule 3 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-3-57610481
Schedule 4 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-4-57610477
Schedule 5 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-5-57610474
Schedule 6 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-6-57610470
Schedule 7 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-7-57610465
Schedule 8 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-8-57610456
Schedule 9 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-9-57610450
Schedule 10 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-10-57610439
Schedule 11 http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/schedule-11-57610431
Annex VII http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-vii-57610416
Annex VIII http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-viii-57610410
Annex IX http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-ix-57610400
Annex X http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-x-57610393
Annex XI http://www.slideshare.net/safetyforfishermen/annex-xi-57610383
This document presents the findings of the HERE Project conducted from 2008-2011 between Nottingham Trent University, Bournemouth University, and University of Bradford. The project examined student retention, with two main strands: 1) the impact of student doubts about continuing their studies, and 2) differences between first-year university programs. Some key findings include that approximately one-third of first-year students experienced strong doubts about withdrawing, and these doubting students were more likely to leave than non-doubters. The report provides recommendations to help manage factors associated with doubting, support student integration and belonging, and foster motivation to improve retention.
This document provides guidance and instructions for submitting final reports for projects funded by the Alpine Space Programme 2007-2013. It outlines the documents and sections required for the final report, including a publishable summary of key achievements and lessons learned (Section A), a technical report on project impacts and cooperation (Section B), and a declaration from the lead partner (Section C). Instructions are provided for the last progress report, highlighting the transnational impact and updating the budget. Projects must maintain their website and outputs for at least two years after closure and comply with subsidy contract terms regarding record keeping, dissemination of results, and avoiding substantial project modifications.
Business development & market research colloquim reportNanda Kumar Ambati
This document summarizes an internship report submitted by Ambati Nanda Kumar for their internship with Ozone Experiential Learning Technologies Pvt Ltd (OELT). During the internship, Kumar worked with Hands On, a subsidiary of OELT focused on experiential learning. As part of their duties, Kumar supported business development by generating leads and conducting sales and marketing analytics. Kumar met with several potential clients in Bangalore across various industries and discussed their training needs. The internship provided Kumar exposure to experiential learning programs and business development activities at OELT and Hands On.
A Test Closure Document contains a checklist of items that must be met to close a test project and activities after closure, including meeting exit criteria, executing all test cases, addressing all defects, and archiving relevant materials. In contrast, a Test Closure Report is a simple email to stakeholders indicating testing is complete and whether the application meets exit criteria, providing details to substantiate the go/no-go decision like the number of defects found, fixed, and remaining.
The document provides an introduction to a course on project monitoring and evaluation. It will cover various topics related to project management over 15 sessions totaling 42 hours. Key concepts that will be discussed include the project cycle, monitoring and evaluation logic and cycle, evaluation techniques, indicators, and data collection for monitoring and evaluation. It emphasizes understanding the practical meanings and importance of concepts rather than mathematical equations.
This document provides guidelines for students to follow when preparing an industrial visit project report for a BBA program. It outlines the required sections of the report, including a title page, certificate, acknowledgements, preface, and index. The main body of the report should include sections covering the company profile, history, organization structure, location, production, financial information, marketing, human resource management, research and development, social obligations, findings, suggestions, and conclusions. Formatting and reference guidelines are also included. The overall purpose is to guide students in comprehensively documenting and reporting on their visit to an organization in a standardized format.
The document provides a project closure report for a project to develop an e-learning course to train managers on creating effective action plans from employee survey results. It summarizes that the project was completed on time and within budget despite some challenges. Key highlights included completing a thorough needs assessment, developing an effective risk management plan, and addressing all deliverables to a high quality. The e-learning course achieved success according to defined criteria and metrics, with over 90% of managers now able to accurately interpret survey results and write compliant action plans.
This document is a project report for a BSc in Aerospace Technology that details the design of a power unit for a basic ornithopter. It includes a literature review of ornithopter mechanics, components, and case studies to inform the design. Prototypes were fabricated and theoretical calculations were performed before finalizing the design in CAD software. The power unit consists of small electrical and mechanical components like a motor, gearing system, servo, and electronics to enable the flapping wing motion of the ornithopter.
The document provides a quality assurance review of a project closure report. It summarizes key metrics regarding the project's budget variance, schedule variance, delivery of business functional requirements, resource management, total life cycle costs, and impact on the business case. The review covers the original and revised budgets and schedule, actual costs, requirements delivered, resource hours, ongoing costs, benefits, and savings. It concludes by providing a link to the author's LinkedIn profile.
The document describes the implementation of an ERP system for Global Bike Inc. using SAP software. It outlines GBI's operations and establishes a chart of accounts. It then demonstrates key procurement processes in SAP, including creating material master data, a vendor master, a purchase requisition, purchase order, and paying the vendor's invoice. The implementation is broken into phases with the goal of centralized, integrated business processes across GBI's divisions.
Construction of CNG station project final report.Hagi Sahib
This document provides a project report for the construction of a CNG station in Gujar Khan, Pakistan. Key details include an overview of the CNG industry and market demand, the project vision, mission, description, budget, management plan, requirements, risks, milestones, and scope. The project involves establishing a CNG refueling station through a partnership with four sponsors. A site has been selected and the necessary licenses and approvals will be obtained. The station will provide a needed service while generating profits and helping grow the local CNG industry.
Project End Report - Project Management template Simon Misiewicz
Optimise-GB provides you with a free template for the Project End Report. This is a very useful document at the end of the project to take stock and compare the achieved results against those originally expected. This report lists the project deliverables and against each will suggest what was completed in time, cost and within the quality requirements. This document will also list the number and descriptions of the change requests, and the associated impact of each on the project. Please contact me should you have any questions on simon@optimise-gb.com. Many thanks Simon Misiewicz
The document discusses marketing concepts including definitions of marketing, the marketing mix, and the product life cycle. It provides details on marketing strategies for a new PDA called the Sonic PDA, including segmentation of the target market, positioning, and marketing mixes for each stage of the product life cycle from introduction to decline. Marketing objectives and strategies are outlined for each stage to maximize sales and profits over the lifespan of the product.
This document discusses various topics related to monitoring and controlling contracts and projects. It describes the monitoring and control cycle including assessing progress, collecting details, and reporting status using methods like RAG reports, Gantt charts, and earned value analysis. It also discusses change control procedures, types of contracts for acquiring software from external suppliers, and the tendering and evaluation process for selecting suppliers.
The document summarizes information about ancient and modern cities. It discusses the ancient city of Rome, providing details about its history, road system, education system, sports events, and transportation methods. It then moves to discussing definitions of what makes a city and what makes a good city. Overall, the document presents background information and investigations into elements of ancient and modern urban planning and infrastructure.
This document provides an overview of a student's final project for an Elements of Natural Built and Environment course. It discusses the requirements of the project, which involves planning an ideal livable town. It then reviews the history and components of cities and towns. Examples of the ancient city of Rome and the present-day city of Santorini, Greece are analyzed. Key lessons from each city that could apply to planning a future sustainable town are highlighted, such as Rome's sanitation system and Santorini's architecture and urban planning. The document serves to provide background information and inspiration for the student's own planned town called STARVERT, which will focus on sustainability and livability.
This document provides information about future city planning and describes two ancient and modern cities - Mohenjo-daro and Pyongyang. It discusses the key characteristics of Mohenjo-daro, an ancient Indus Valley city, including its grid layout, granaries, and public baths. It also outlines some of the innovations from Mohenjo-daro that will be incorporated into the author's proposed future city of Cloud 9. The document then examines Pyongyang, describing its destruction during wars and subsequent rebuilding in the communist style with prefabricated apartments and an emphasis on utility. Both cities provide inspiration for infrastructure, zoning, and community aspects to consider for the author's sustainable future city proposal.
enbe project 2 part A- town proposal report harrygirn
This document provides details about a student project to design a better livable town. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future towns to gather data and ideas. The student proposes a new town called WinderGrove, located on an island in Malaysia. WinderGrove would use a radial grid layout with various zoning areas. Transportation would primarily be by bicycle, bus and limited private vehicles. The town aims to be sustainable with renewable energy sources, green spaces and an automated waste disposal system.
This document provides information about ancient Greek cities, present day Hong Kong, and plans for a future livable town. It discusses the architecture, infrastructure, and social aspects of ancient Greek cities like Athens. It then analyzes present day Hong Kong, highlighting how it has become a center of modern architecture with many skyscrapers and an extensive system of elevated walkways and tunnels due to lack of land. The document intends to understand elements of ancient, present and future cities in order to plan a new town that incorporates lessons learned.
This document discusses the ancient city of Tenochtitlan and the present city of Venice. For Tenochtitlan, it describes its history as the capital of the Aztec Empire founded in 1325 on an island in Lake Texcoco. It had a large population of 200,000 at its peak and was well planned with causeways, canals, and the city center located around the Templo Mayor pyramid. For Venice, it discusses how the city was built on wooden platforms secured by piles in the shallow lagoon, protecting it for over 1400 years, and how it now struggles with depopulation, sinking, and high water known as Acqua Alta.
The document discusses the ancient city of Uruk, considered the oldest city in the world founded around 4500 BCE in Mesopotamia. It provides details on what defined ancient cities and what makes Uruk a significant city, highlighting it was continuously inhabited for over 2500 years and known for its great king Gilgamesh and the early developments of civilization. The document investigates Uruk to understand traits of ideal cities and inform the planning of a new, better livable Malaysian city for the future.
This document summarizes a student's final project report on proposing a better livable town. It includes an introduction outlining the project goals and requirements. Sections analyze the components of towns throughout history, including investigating ancient Rome and present-day Cape Town. Elements from these cities, such as hierarchical town planning, are identified for inclusion in the student's proposed future town design.
This document provides information about a student project to design a future city. It summarizes background on ancient cities like Venice for inspiration. It then discusses what defines cities in general, and what additional characteristics are needed to make cities great. The document suggests future cities may be underwater, underground, or powered by renewable energy. It analyzes the zoning and districts of Venice as a model and also discusses characteristics of the present-day city of Melbourne to inform the future city design.
This document provides context and details for a student project to design an improved city layout in Malaysia. It discusses guidelines for what makes a city, including permanent settlements, infrastructure, and government. It also examines characteristics of ancient, present, and future cities to help plan a better city. The student specifically proposes designing an underwater city called "The Caracatita" and provides an introduction, investigation sections, and conclusion.
The document provides information on the requirements for a final project to propose a new layout for an overcrowded town of 80,000-200,000 people in Malaysia. It includes investigations of elements from ancient towns such as Rome, Babylon, and present towns such as Cape Town and Portland that could inform the new town design. The proposed new town is called "Exotic Town" and would utilize renewable energy sources, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and green public transportation. The goal of the project is to understand components of livable, sustainable towns and apply those principles to the design of Exotic Town.
This document provides information about an ENBE final project report on designing a better livable town in Malaysia called SELPUTARIA. It discusses investigating ancient and present cities/towns to learn from their strengths and weaknesses. Key sections summarize the definition of cities and towns, what makes a good township, and the future of towns, which are expected to focus on sustainability and climate change adaptation. The document also examines the ancient Greek island of Thera and Phoenician city of Tyre to understand their historical urban planning.
This document provides details about the student's final project to design a better livable town. It begins with an introduction explaining the project requirements, which include an individual report and presentation on their understanding of cities and towns as well as their proposed town design. It then discusses the differences between cities and towns. Next, it examines issues that many settlements face. It also explores the definition and components of a town. The document analyzes the design of the ancient city of Atlantis according to Plato's writings. Finally, it discusses the investigation and data collection process, including looking at past cities and towns for historical context and design concepts.
This document is a report on creating a better livable town. It discusses the elements that make up towns and cities, including recreational areas, education areas, commercial sectors, and hospitals. It also examines what makes a good town, such as transportation systems, green spaces, drainage, and amenities. As a case study, it looks at the town of Oia in Greece. Oia is known for its white and blue cave houses and architecture, and tourism is a major part of its economy due to the preservation of its Greek architectural style.
This document discusses a student project to design a new, sustainable town. It provides background on the assignment, which is to create a town proposal as the mayor. The student researches ancient towns of Harappa and Angkor Wat for design inspiration. The document also examines the present town of Townsville, Australia and the future town of Gwanggyo Power Centre in South Korea. It proposes incorporating aspects of the grid system from Harappa, the culture of Angkor Wat, urban development strategies from Townsville, and the mixed-use, vertical design of Gwanggyo Power Centre into a new town design.
This document is a report submitted by Pang Khai Shuen for a university course. It discusses the planning of a new town called Peaceville in Malaysia. The report provides background information on how ancient towns formed near rivers for resources and trade. It examines the ancient cities of Mohenjo-Daro and Anyang as examples of planned cities with specialized districts. The report also discusses how the Industrial Revolution led to the growth of modern towns and cities. It analyzes Copenhagen's "Finger Plan" as a model of urban planning that incorporates green spaces. The proposal then provides details of the planned town of Peaceville, including its layout, population, industries and amenities.
The document discusses a future city concept called the Floating PH Conditioner. It is a proposed skyscraper designed to prevent air pollution by floating above the city and using an air cleaning system. The structure would filter the air and produce byproducts like water and fertilizer to be used in city parks and gardens. The design received an honorable mention in the yearly Evolo Skyscraper competition for its innovative approach to addressing air quality issues from the sky.
The document summarizes a proposed future city called Food City in Dubai. It would be an off-grid, self-sufficient metropolis incorporating extensive sustainable urban planning ideas like vertically stacked landscape surfaces, renewable energy systems, and aquatic farms. These initiatives aim to decrease energy use and conserve water through techniques like atmospheric water harvesting, solar desalination, greywater recycling, and hydroponic agriculture. The proposal's goal is to marry landscapes and urbanism to create a model for sustainable, low-energy urban living that could inform future city development.
This document presents research on existing towns to inform a proposal for a new future town called the Greenish Town. It investigates the ancient Chinese town of Xitang, focusing on its covered corridors and lanes. It also examines the present-day South African city of Cape Town, highlighting its Montebello Design Centre. Further, it looks at the American city of Portland, Oregon, noting its extensive green spaces, public transit, and renewable energy. Bringing together elements from these case studies, the document proposes the Greenish Town, emphasizing green technologies and infrastructure to create a sustainable community.
The document is a report proposing a new floating town called Skyhope. It begins with an introduction explaining the assignment to propose a new town layout. It then provides background on ancient, present and future towns, focusing on Pompeii, Tokyo, and car-free and zero-carbon cities. This information is used to inform the design of Skyhope, a 55km2 floating town for 250,000 people that aims to be sustainable and avoid destruction from a predicted major earthquake. Key elements of Skyhope referenced from other cities include an amphitheater for events and efficient public transportation.
The document provides information on various BIM QS computer software, including CostX, VICO Office, Glodon, and Ultimate Quantity Takeoff. It discusses the key features and functions of each software, such as supporting multiple file formats, 3D modeling capabilities, automatic quantity takeoff, and linking estimates to drawings. The advantages of BIM software include reduced takeoff time, paperless estimating, and automatic updates to quantities. Requirements including suitable computer specifications are also outlined. Glodon software is recommended due to its BIM technology, user-friendliness, efficiency, accuracy, and ability to import various file formats.
This document provides information about a group coursework assignment on software applications for quantity surveying. The assignment requires students to: 1) Compare BIM QS software functions and limitations and recommend the best software; and 2) Compare the benefits and constraints of BIM, CAD, and manual measurement across project stages. The document outlines the submission requirements and assessment criteria. It also provides a table of contents for the report that will compare the features of five BIM software programs: CostX, Vico Office, Glodon, and Ultimate Quantity Takeoff.
1. The tender documentation is for a three-story semi-detached corner house project located in Selangor, Malaysia.
2. The completion period for the project is 24 weeks. Key parties involved include the client, architect, engineer, and quantity surveyor.
3. The tender documentation includes forms of tender, instructions to tenderers, conditions of tendering, bills of quantities, specifications, drawings, and schedules. It provides all relevant details for contractors to submit a tender for the construction project.
This document provides an elemental cost analysis for constructing a single-story surau in Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. It includes information on the project location, client, construction type and codes, contract details, and a breakdown of costs for various building elements such as substructure, superstructure, internal and external finishes, and preliminaries. Costs are provided per element in Malaysian Ringgit along with calculations of element unit rates and ratios. The total contract sum presented is RM789,384.02 for constructing the surau based on the elemental cost analysis.
This presentation summarizes a group assignment for an estimating course. The group submitted a tender to build a single-story show house but was disqualified due to errors in their submission. The presentation analyzes the mistakes made including poor preparation, lack of communication, and being late. It recommends improvements such as better preparation, enhanced communication within the group, and submitting tenders on time to prevent disqualification in the future. The group members for the assignment are listed and the presentation includes sections on the project introduction, organization chart, company strengths and weaknesses, errors in the tender, reasons for failure, and conclusions and recommendations.
This document provides information about a group assignment for a professional practice course. The group members are listed. The project involves developing a 20-storey condominium in Kuala Lumpur to address the effects of the Malaysian economic downturn on property developers. Various construction procurement methods are discussed, including traditional procurement, management contracting, design-build, and cost reimbursement contracts. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed. Management contracting using a cost plus fixed fee contract is recommended to control costs while maintaining quality for the condominium project.
This document discusses and compares traditional procurement and management contracting procurement methods for a proposed 20-story condominium project in Kuala Lumpur.
Management contracting is recommended as it allows for overlapping of design and construction phases, providing flexibility to make changes without compromising on cost control. It also allows selecting specialized subcontractors to help ensure project quality. In contrast, traditional procurement has a fixed contract sum set before construction and is less flexible for design changes.
Key factors in the recommendation include the client's priorities for on-time completion and quality, as management contracting can deliver the project faster while maintaining oversight of quality through specialist subcontractors. The overlapping phases also provide more control over sustainable design updates that may
The document provides an introduction to the role of quantity surveyors. It discusses the traditional, evolved, and developing roles of quantity surveyors. Quantity surveyors play key roles in the planning, construction, and post-construction stages of projects. Their responsibilities include cost estimation, cost control, dispute resolution, and ensuring projects are delivered on time and on budget. The profession is evolving to take on new services including investment appraisal, value management, risk management, and facility management. Developments in areas like client focus, information technology, research, and sustainability will further shape the future of the profession.
This document discusses estimating material costs for a quantity surveying degree. It addresses four main factors that influence estimating material costs: supply and availability, demand of the market, inflation factors, and size and type of construction project. Each factor is explained with an example of how it can affect cost estimates. The document also defines plants and tools, and recommends estimating plants by hourly/weekly rates and tools by percentages.
A half brick thick wall measuring 5m high and 10m long is to be constructed using cement sand brick laid in stretcher bond pattern with 1:3 cement mortar. Exmet and DPC will be laid with bonding ties connecting the wall to columns. The estimated cost includes materials, labor, equipment, and overhead to total approximately RM4,500.
This document provides an overview of a construction company. It summarizes the company's background, founders' experience, vision, missions, goals, working culture, and training programs. The company was founded in 2016 and aims to be a world-class builder through high quality work and integrated services. Its goals include training staff, completing projects on time, and expanding internationally. The working culture emphasizes customer service, integrity, teamwork, and diversity. Training programs include one-on-one mentoring, lectures, and role-playing to develop staff skills.
THC Construction Company was founded in 2016 by four quantity surveyors to become a world-class construction company. Its vision is to achieve high professional standards in work quality and integrated services. The company culture focuses on customer first, teamwork, diversity, and integrity. The organizational chart shows departments like finance, marketing, HR, contracts, and project management. Training methods include mentoring/coaching, lectures, and role-playing/simulation to develop staff skills and change attitudes. Mentors guide new employees one-on-one while lectures provide general information and classroom learning. Role-playing helps staff understand different viewpoints and problem-solve through realistic scenarios.
The document provides a site visit report for a construction site building two apartment blocks and three floor villas. Key details include:
- The site visit objective was to understand construction sequencing, working environment, technologies, and safety practices.
- Excavation was underway for Zone B, while Zone A excavation was complete. Bored piling using BG 14 and Sunwad machines was the pile foundation method.
- Reinforced concrete grades of 35 and 45 were used for different elements. Safety measures like a small temple and scaffolding were in place.
- The report concluded the visit provided valuable hands-on learning and an appreciation of construction teams' hard work under various conditions.
1. Marginal product (MP) is the change in total product from employing one additional unit of input. An example would be each additional worker adding 500 units to total output.
2. The factory is experiencing diminishing returns as MP decreases from 5000 to 500 as more raw materials are added from 3 to 6 tons.
3. Diminishing returns occur when adding more inputs yields smaller percentage increases in output due to congestion or other factors limiting efficiency. This causes the marginal product to decline.
This document contains economics exercises on various types of elasticity, including:
1) Cross elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of one good to a change in the price of another good. It is calculated as the percentage change in quantity demanded of one good divided by the percentage change in price of the other good.
2) Income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded of a good to a change in consumer income. It is calculated as the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.
3) Price elasticity of supply measures the responsiveness of quantity supplied of a good to a change in its price. It is calculated as the percentage change
This document contains an economics exercise that asks 10 questions about key economic concepts. It asks about the definition of economics, scarce resources, the importance of managing scarce resources, the two types of economics and examples of each, the two methods of studying economics, opportunity cost and examples, production possibility frontier graphs including efficient and inefficient points, how a firm's PPF can grow, and principles around incentives and different types of economies including free market, planned, and mixed.
The document is a presentation about KL Forest Eco Park, formerly known as Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve. It provides details about the park in 3 sentences. The park is a 10.5 hectare tropical rainforest located near KL Tower that contains recreational activities like camping and a 200m canopy walk. It has historically been a forest reserve since 1906 and includes structures like information centers, gardens, and hanging bridges. The presentation describes the park's history, layout, activities, and materials used in its structures.
Angkor Wat is a Hindu temple complex located in Cambodia that was built in the early 12th century by King Suryavarman II. It is the largest religious monument in the world, covering an area of 208 hectares. The temple was built as the king's state temple and capital city and took approximately 30 years to construct using sandstone, laterite, timber, metal and stucco. It features extensive bas reliefs and architecture demonstrating Hindu mythology. Though it began as a Hindu temple, it later became a Buddhist temple. The site was abandoned in the late 15th century but rediscovered in the 19th century. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site undergoing restoration to preserve it.
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How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
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Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
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2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
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How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
ENBE Final Project Report
1. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Better Livable Town
EMPIRE
NAME: Loh Pey Mun
STUDENT ID: 0318572
COURSE: FNBE APR 2014
Loh Pey Mun | 0318572 | Puan Has| FNBE APR 2014 | Taylor’s University
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2. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Content:
1. Introduction
2. A Town : Investigation on Better Township or Town or City Guidelines and
Issues
3. Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient and old cities/town
4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present towns/cities
5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future and better township
6. The New “X” Town / Or the new name
7. The Conclusion
8. Reference
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1.Introduction
With most of the world living in cities, urban space is going to be at a premium, so
we need to design ingenious and important ways to create public gathering spaces
This project will be focusing on the component of a town and built environment . We
need to propose a new layout for a new “X” town to solve the problem of
population it is too crowed . The future town should focus on the needs of the
residents , the facilities , infrastructures , and how it will sustain itself in the future . To
plan for the future town we should refer to the past and learn from the past to plan a
better future town.
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4. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Loh Pey Mun | 0318572 | Puan Has| FNBE APR 2014 | Taylor’s University
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5. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
2.The Town
-A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city.
-A town is usually a place with a lot of houses, but not a city. As with cities, there is
more than one way to say what a town is in different countries. In some places, it is a
kind of local government.
-Australian geographer Thomas Griffith Taylor identified five types of town:
1. Infantile towns –with no clear zoning
2. Juvenile towns – which have developed an area of shops
3. Adolescent towns –where factories have started to appear
4. Early mature towns –with a separate area of high-class housing
5 . Mature towns – defined industrial , commercial and various types of
residential area.
History of a town
A town is not just an overgrown village. It has its own economy. Goods are made
and traded there. So a good site might be on a bend in a navigable river, or beside
a river crossing. The development of towns is generally complex. In those of our
historic towns not too mangled by Blitz or boom, you can trace the growth from
medieval core through belts of Georgian, Victorian and modern buildings, almost
like tree rings. Check your conclusions with a series of town maps. The date and
magnificence of churches, public buildings and places of entertainment give other
clues to the periods of greatest prosperity.
Towns generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing,
and transportation. The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction
between people and businesses, benefiting both parties in the process, but it also
presents challenges to managing urban growth. A big town or metropolis usually has
associated suburbs and exurbs. Such towns are usually associated with metropolitan
areas and urban areas, creating numerous business commuters traveling to urban
centers for employment.
What makes a good town?
Town are for all people. Public places are where all can share in the good of the
town. A town public space should make all the people that live in the town happy.
Making people happy requires that they have dignity, are treated equally, and
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6. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
have hope. A town that can give all the needs of the people ,the facilities ,
infrastructures and how it will sustain itself in the future .
3.Investigation & Data Collection:
Ancient Cities / towns
Classical Athens
History of Classical Athens
Rise to power (508–448 BC)
Hippias - of the Peisistratid family - established a dictatorship in 514 BC, which proved
very unpopular, although it established stability and prosperity, and was eventually
overthrown with the help of an army from Sparta, in 511/510 BC. The radical
politician of aristocratic background (the Alcmaeonid family), Cleisthenes, then took
charge and established democracy in Athens. The reforms of Cleisthenes replaced
the traditional four Ionic "tribes" (phyle) with ten new ones, named after legendary
heroes of Greece and having no class basis, which acted as electorates. Each tribe
was in turn divided into three trittyes (one from the coast; one from the city and one
from the inland divisions), while each trittys had one or more demes (see deme)—
depending on their population—which became the basis of local government. The
tribes each selected fifty members by lot for the Boule, the council which governed
Athens on a day-to-day basis. The public opinion of voters could be influenced by
the political satires written by the comic poets and performed in the city theaters.The
Assembly or Ecclesia was open to all full citizens and was both a legislature and a
supreme court, except in murder cases and religious matters, which became the
only remaining functions of the Areopagus. Most offices were filled by lot, although
the ten strategoi (generals) were elected.Early Athenian coin, 5th century BC. British
Museum.Prior to the rise of Athens, Sparta, a city-state with a militaristic culture,
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7. ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
considered itself the leader of the Greeks, and enforced an hegemony. In 499 BC
Athens sent troops to aid the Ionian Greeks of Asia Minor, who were rebelling against
the Persian Empire (see Ionian Revolt). This provoked two Persian invasions of
Greece, both of which were repelled under the leadership of the soldier-statesmen
Miltiades and Themistocles (see Persian Wars). In 490 the Athenians, led by Miltiades,
prevented the first invasion of the Persians, guided by king Darius I, at the Battle of
Marathon. In 480 the Persians returned under a new ruler, Xerxes I. The Hellenic
League led by the Spartan King Leonidas led 7,000 men to hold the narrow
passageway of Thermopylae against the 100,000-250,000 army of Xerxes, during
which time Leonidas and 300 other Spartan elites were killed. Simultaneously the
Athenians led an indecisive naval battle off Artemisium. However, this delaying
action was not enough to discourage the Persian advance which soon marched
through Boeotia, setting up Thebes as their base of operations, and entered southern
Greece. This forced the Athenians to evacuate Athens, which was taken by the
Persians, and seek the protection of their fleet. Subsequently the Athenians and their
allies, led by Themistocles, defeated the Persian navy at sea in the Battle of Salamis.
It is interesting to note that Xerxes had built himself a throne on the coast in order to
see the Greeks defeated. Instead, the Persians were routed. Sparta's hegemony was
passing to Athens, and it was Athens that took the war to Asia Minor. These victories
enabled it to bring most of the Aegean and many other parts of Greece together in
the Delian League, an Athenian-dominated alliance.
Athenian hegemony (448–430 BC)
Pericles—an Athenian general, politician and orator—distinguished himself above
the other personalities of the era, men who excelled in politics, philosophy,
architecture, sculpture, history and literature. He fostered arts and literature and
gave to Athens a splendor which would never return throughout its history. He
executed a large number of public works projects and improved the life of the
citizens. Hence, he gave his name to the Athenian Golden Age. Silver mined in
Laurium in southeastern Attica contributed greatly to the prosperity of this "Golden"
Age of Athens.During the time of the ascendancy of Ephialtes as leader of the
democratic faction, Pericles was his deputy. When Ephialtes was assassinated by
personal enemies, Pericles stepped in and was elected general, or strategos, in 445
BC; a post he held continuously until his death in 429 BC, always by election of the
Athenian Assembly.
Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC)
The modern National Academy in Athens, with Apollo and Athena on their columns,
and Socrates and Plato seated in front.Resentment by other cities at the hegemony
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of Athens led to the Peloponnesian War in 431, which pitted Athens and her
increasingly rebellious sea empire against a coalition of land-based states led by
Sparta. The conflict marked the end of Athenian command of the sea. The war
between Athens and the city-state Sparta ended with an Athenian defeat after
Sparta started its own navy.Athenian democracy was briefly overthrown by the
coup of 411, brought about because of its poor handling of the war, but it was
quickly restored. The war ended with the complete defeat of Athens in 404. Since
the defeat was largely blamed on democratic politicians such as Cleon and
Cleophon, there was a brief reaction against democracy, aided by the Spartan
army (the rule of the Thirty Tyrants). In 403, democracy was restored by Thrasybulus
and an amnesty declared.
Corinthian War and the Second Athenian League (395–355 BC)
Sparta's former allies soon turned against her due to her imperialist policies, and
Athens's former enemies, Thebes and Corinth, became her allies. Argos, Thebes and
Corinth, allied with Athens, fought against Sparta in the decisive Corinthian War of
395 BC–387 BC. Opposition to Sparta enabled Athens to establish a Second
Athenian League. Finally Thebes defeated Sparta in 371 in the Battle of Leuctra.
However, other Greek cities, including Athens, turned against Thebes, and its
dominance was brought to an end at the Battle of Mantinea (362 BC) with the
death of its leader, the military genius Epaminondas.
Athens under Macedon (355–322 BC)
Further information: Alexander the Great, Antipatrid dynasty and Antigonid dynasty
By mid century, however, the northern kingdom of Macedon was becoming
dominant in Athenian affairs, despite the warnings of the last great statesman of
independent Athens, Demosthenes. In 338 BC the armies of Philip II defeated Athens
at the Battle of Chaeronea, effectively limiting Athenian independence. Athens and
other states became part of the League of Corinth. Further, the conquests of his son,
Alexander the Great, widened Greek horizons and made the traditional Greek city
state obsolete. Antipater dissolved the Athenian government and established a
plutocratic system in 322 BC (see Lamian War and Demetrius Phalereus). Athens
remained a wealthy city with a brilliant cultural life, but ceased to be an
independent power.In the 2nd century BC, following the Battle of Corinth (146 BC),
Greece was absorbed into the Roman Republic as part of the Achaea Province,
concluding 200 years of Macedonian supremacy.
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Athens was the largest city in Greece, and controlled a region called Attica.
Between the many mountains were fertile valleys, with many farms. Athens became
rich because Attica also had valuable sources of silver, lead and marble. Athens
also had the biggest navy in Greece.Athens was a beautiful and busy city. People
came to the city from all over Greece, and from other countries, to study and to
trade. The city's most famous building was the temple called the Parthenon. It stood
on a rocky hill called the Acropolis. Inside the Parthenon stood a statue of the city's
protector-goddess Athena.
4.Investigation & Data Collection:
Present Towns / township
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AMSTERDAM.
History of AMSTERDAM
-The Origins of Amsterdam
Amsterdam emerged from this mists of the Low Countries in about 1200 , on a watery
site at the mouth of the Amstel river . It was a settlement of fisherfolk before turning
to trade . The first permanent dwellings were built on terps , man-made mounds high
enough to provide protection from flood water . As the settlement grew combat
,with feudal struggles between the Lords van Amstel and the counts of Holland , who
had the backing of the all-powerful bishops of Utrecht . This rivalry continued into
the next century.
-Medieval Amsterdam
The little town at the mouth of the Amstel fortified itself against both its enemies and
the surrounding water .Amsterdam grew rich quickly after the discovery of a method
of curing herring in 1385 , which preserved the fish longer , enabling it to be
exported. The town became a port for handling beer from Hamburg. Elaborate
waterside houses with warehouses attached were used to service the trade . The
Low Countries were under the rules of the Dukes of Burgundy , and control passed
by marriage to the Austrian Habsburgs.
-The Age of Intolerance
By 1550, Amsterdam had outpaced rivals to become the main power in the
province of Holland . Trade in the Baltic provided wealth and the city grew rapidly .
Spain’s Habsburgs rulers tried to halt the Protestant Reformation sweeping northern
Europe . Dutch resistance to Philip II of Spain resulted in 8 years of civil war and
religious strife .Amsterdam sided with Spain but switched loyalties in 1578 – an event
known as the Alteration – to become the fiercely Protestant capital of an infant
Dutch Republic.
-The Golden Age of Amsterdam
The 17th
century was truly a Golden Age for Amsterdam . The population soared
;three great canals ,bordered by splendid houses , were built in a triple ring round
the city ; and scores of painters and architects were at work .Fortunes were made
and lost , and this early capitalism produced paupers who were cared for by
charitable institutions – a radical idea for the time. In 1648 , an uneasy peace was
formalized with Catholic Spain , causing tension between Amsterdam’s Calvinist
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burgomasters and the less religious Houses of Orange , dominant elsewhere in the
country.
-The Golden Age Overseas
Supremacy in the Netherlands led to success overseas for Amsterdam . The Dutch
colonized the Indonesian Archipelago ,establishing a profitable empire based on
spice trading in the East . The Dutch East India Company (VOC) thrived , using vast
wooden ships called East Indiamen . In the New world ,the Dutch ruled large parts
of Brazil and bought Manhattan from its native owners , naming it New Amsterdam .
However , war with England radically trimmed Dutch sea-power by the end of 17th
century.
-The Age of Consolidation
Though the Dutch Empire declined , the Netherlands remained wealthy .
Amsterdam’s ships became commercial cargo carries and by the mid-18th
century ,
the city was the world’s financial capital . Tolerance prevailed and the city was
flooded with immigrants , including Jews from all across Europe .Dissatisfaction with
the ruling Houses of Orange intensified ;although Prussian troops crushed a Patriot
uprising in 1787 , the Patriots established a short-lived republic , with French backing ,
only to see Napoleon take over , making his brother Louis king of the Netherlands.
-The Age of Industrialization
By the end of Louis Napoleon’s rule .Amsterdam had stagnated . The decline
continued, with little sign of enterprise and scant investment .Industrialization
came late and attempts to review the city’s fortunes by digging a canal to the
North Sea were less than effective .Politically , the country regrouped round the
Houses of Orange , bringing the family back from exile and declaring a monarchy in
1813. The mid-century saw growth of the liberal constitution ; by 1900 the Socialist
tradition was well established.
-Amsterdam at War
The Netherlands remained neutral in World War 1. After the war ,political unrest was
rife and the city council embarked on a program me of new housing projects and,
in the 1930s ,the Amsterdam Bos was created to counter unemployment . When
World War 2 broke out. The Netherlands again opted for neutrality – only to be
invaded by Germany . The early 1940s were bitter years , and many died of
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starvation in the winter of ’44-5 .During this time , most of the Jewish population was
deported ; many , like Anne Frank ‘tried to avoid detection by going into hiding.
-Amsterdam Today
After World War 2, Amsterdam suffered a series of social problems; its tolerance
made it a haven for the 1960s hippy culture ,it became a centre of drug use and
trafficking , and the left-wing Provos challenged social order . In the 1970s ,riots over
squatting and urban redevelopment led to measures that alleviated the social issues
.Now Amsterdam is again a tranquil city for all to visit .Programmes of urban
expansion and sympathetic architectural developments have made the city an
exciting hub of modernity.
AMSTERDAM play an important part in effecting the transition to sustainability. They
cover just 2% of the earth’s surface, but cities are already home to more than 50% of
the world’s population and they account for 80% of the greenhouse gases
produced. This also means that cities will have to make the difference. The city has
the people, the expertise, the creativity, and the wherewithal – economically and
otherwise – to take the step on the path towards sustainability.
The 4 points that makes Amsterdam a sustainable city:
• Climate and energy : through energy savings, locally produced sustainable
energy and efficient use of fossils we reduce the CO2 emission within the city.
• Mobility and air quality : Amsterdam will be a reachable city under the
condition that our transport system will be sustainable.
• Sustainable innovative economy : (inter)national companies choose our city
because doing sustainable business in Amsterdam is worthwhile.
• Materials and consumers : Amsterdam is a livable city where citizens and
companies are using raw materials in an effective way, living in a sustainable
way and where the municipal organization gives the right example.
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Amsterdam residents enjoy a good quality of life. The City of Amsterdam places a lot
of focus on living healthy, including promoting sporting activities and cycling,
investing in sustainable initiatives like Green Roofs and recharging stations for electric
automobiles.
The City of Amsterdam strongly believes that it’s primarily the responsibility of the city
itself to develop and implement specific urban solutions in order to realize this
transition towards sustainability. And especially because urban areas – like the
Amsterdam Metropolitan Area, are uniquely positioned to lead the greening of the
global economy through improvements in transport, energy, buildings, technology,
water and waste systems, as well as producing a wide range of economic and
social benefits. So it’s the responsibility of the city to develop urban solutions.
Amsterdam urban solutions :
Urban planning
Energy, Waste, Water
Sustainable mobility
Amsterdam sustainability index: insight into performance
Sustainable finance and public private partnerships
-Energetic Urban planning
The City of Amsterdam has ambitious goals as to become climate neutral. This will
only be possible through a structured approach to both new and existing
neighbourhoods. Following steps from the New Stepped Strategy and using the
methodology of Energy Potential Mapping (EPM), the Amsterdam Guide to
Energetic Urban Planning (in Dutch: Leidraad Energetische Stedenbouw, LES) must
become the manual that will support urban area (re)development towards energy
neutrality. The Guide clarifies local Amsterdam energy potentials, both natural and
anthropogenic, and gives an extensive overview of measures and data to be used
for the sustainable provision of electricity, heat and cold. This is presented in a very
tangible manner, practical to urban planners, architects, housing corporations,
developers, public institutions and politician. The Amsterdam Guide has been tested
on two sites, one to be newly constructed and another to be redeveloped, and the
incremental approach proved worthwhile, enabling energy neutrality in both cases.
The Guide has incited discussions on both short-term actions and long-term visions
needed to facilitate real climate neutrality in the city of Amsterdam. Recently, the
European Commission has approved a project in which partners from 6 European
cities work actually on implementing the new filosophy from LES.
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-Energy strategy
The City Council’s objective is to reduce CO2 emissions by 40% by 2025, compared
to the 1990 baseline. Amsterdam works according to the principle of the Trias
Energetica,2 an approach that leads to optimum reductions in CO₂ emissions. Three
tracks are being pursued simultaneously in order to establish a sustainable energy
supply: energy savings, sustainable energy production and more efficient use of
energy from fossil fuel. Examples are wind energy , solar energy .
-Sustainable mobility
(Bicycle City)
Bikes are seen as the poor man's vehicle in many countries. However, this is not the
case in the Netherlands and in particular, in Amsterdam. The bicycle is simply the
fastest, most flexible and fun way to get around. It is embedded in our culture.
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Inhabitants of Amsterdam together cycle 2 million km daily. 73% of all inhabitants
owns a bicycle. The share of bicycle in the choice of transport in Amsterdam is 39%;
public transport 24% and car 37%. There is 513 km of separated bicycle lanes in
Amsterdam.
-Green building
(Green Wall and Green Roof)
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5.Investigation & Data Collection:
The future of towns and Better Towns
Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
No cars, no waste, no pollution. Doable? Such a city is slated to rise from the oil-rich
grounds in Abu Dhabi. Masdar, which means "the source" in Arabic, is a $22-billion
undertaking that could be the world's first carbon-neutral city [source: Masdar].
Masdar's sustainable urban development will take advantage of wind, hydrogen
and solar-photovoltaic energy sources. Wastewater will be treated and recycled
into irrigation systems.
In addition, Masdar's transportation goals are ambitious. Fossil-fuel burning cars are
banned from the city in lieu of an electric personal light-rail system -- small,
programmable cars that run only when you need to go somewhere, and a
pedestrian-friendly city layout.
Masdar is already under construction and will develop over several phases, with
completion expected in 2016 [source Inhabitat]. Up to 50,000 people are expected
to live in Masdar, and the first residents will likely move in sometime during 2009
[CNET].
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The time of the carbon-neutral city is upon us. And if these projects make the jump
from paper to reality successfully, they might even earn a spot on our list of existing
amazing green cities.
6. The New X Town→ EMPIRE
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Malaysia is getting crowded by the day due to the sudden wave of
immigrants into the country for job opportunities. As a result, the original Malaysians
are losing their stand in the working field causing a quite imbalance in the Malaysian
society.
Thus, as a mayor I plan to build a new town for a more sustainable future for
the left outs. This new town will have a river flowing through as rivers are the
beginning of all early human civilization.
This town will put its focus on the economy field. Strategies on developing the
industrial, agriculture and business fields will be looked up widely while planning the
town.
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Additionally, green spaces will be located in the new town to give it a green
look and to make it environmentally sustainable. Different strategies will also be
implemented in the new town such as bicycle tracks, green walls and green roofs.
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TRANSPORTATION
-LRT
Near with RESIDENTIAL AREA,RECREATIONAL AREA & THE HEART OF THE TOWN.
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-MONORAIL
In THE HEART OF THE TOWN.
-TRAIN
Train for the long distance journey and transport service.
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-BIKES
A bicycle-friendly town. No any cars.
-Segway
The Segway PT is a two-wheeled, self-balancing, battery-powered electric
vehicle.
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-Airport
Sustainable Approaches
-Waste Management
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-Self-Sufficiency
-Renewable Energy
-Green Wall
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-Green Roof
EMPIRE also will Provide:
-Central Business District(CBD)
The term "central business district" refers to the central district of a city, usually typified
by a concentration of retail and office buildings.
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-Agriculture & Industry Manufacture
Good development of Agriculture and Industry Manufacture will increase income of
the town.
-Port Industry
With the rapid development of commerce globalization, transportation is becoming
more and more important . A good waterway transport will be provided in the
Empire Town to earn money. So,this will be the main source of economic for the
EMPIRE town.
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EMPIRE will provided a safe, sustainable , and eco-friendly environment for residents
to live long life.
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7.Conclusion
This project is a good experience for me to experience the scope
of work as an urban planner and how town planning works and
sustainability of a town can create a better living for the years to
come. Besides , I also understand how to communicate ideas
through observation and using different media , tools ,techniques
to present information of the study of natural and built
environment.
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8.Reference Links
1. http://www.buildinghistory.org
2. http://www.iamsterdam.com
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3. http://www.naturallifenetwork.com
4. http://science.howstuffworks.com
5.http://www.wikipedia.org
6. file:///C:/Users/Asus/Downloads/How_to_make_a_city_great_v2%20(1).pdf
7. http://www.fastcoexist.com
8. Walsh, Bryan (25 January 2011). "Masdar City: The World's Greenest City?". Time.
Retrieved 8 September 2013
9.http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victoria.ca%2Fcityhall
%2Fcurrentprojects_dockside.shtml&h=xAQG3dePu
10.
11.
12.
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