Mak enbe report

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Future City Representation
FLOATING DIAMOND
NAME : Mak Mun Choon
STUDENT ID: 0314928
LECTURER: MS DELLIYA, MISS NORMA, MR WAN
FNBE APRIL 2013 INTAKE
ELEMENT OF NATURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT
[FNBE 0115]
PROJECT 2: Build Environment
Title: THE FUTURE CITY REPRESENTATION
Mak Mun Choon | 0314928 | Group D | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University
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CONTENT :
1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………3
2. A CITY………………………………………………………………..4-5
3. INVESTIGATION & DATA COLLECTION
- The Ancient City…………………………………………………….6-9
4. INVESTIGATION & DATA COLLECTION
-The Present City……………………………………………………..10-12
5. INVESTIDATION &DATA COLLECTION
-The Future City………………………………………………………13-14
6. THE “X” CITY………………………………………………………15-18
7. THE NEW “X” CITY
- Floating city- “Floating Diamond”………………………………………..19
8. THE PROCESS AND PROGRESS…………………………………..20-37
9. THE CONCLUSION…………………………………………………..38
10. REFERENCES LIST……………………………………………………39
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1. Introduction:
The ENBE final project is Built Environment – “The Future City Representation”. The
Part A is individual component in this final project; students need to pretend as the
mayor of the new “X” city. Students will need to propose a new layout of the city due
to some reasons that causes “X” city no longer livable. The types of the new city are
underground, under water, floating on water, in the air, and enhance the existing city.
This project helps us to understand more about the city and the important of nature.
Besides, students also have a better understanding on the component and elements of a
city. Therefore, it is related to the subject Element of Natural Built Environment
(ENBE).
Data and information about the ancient cities, present cities and future cities should be
collected and students have to do research on the component and element of city.The
new “X” city has to be established in certain conditions and rules and the citizens are
Malaysian. The population is between 150,000 – 500,000 and new city should be
smaller than Subang Jaya (70km2).
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2.The City :
2.1 The city definition :
The word ‘city’ comes from the Latin “Civitas”, which describes a well organized
community like the city-states of Ancient Greece. A city has no exact definition of its
boundaries, where it starts and end. City can be defined as a center of population,
culture and commerce. City is also a huge and wide place with lots of people. All
cities have different design in their layout and also functions. Cities also consists
complexity of road systems, transportation, building laws, markets, food distribution,
educational systems and others. Moreover, the city is also the center of
communication for the community.
2.2 What is the brief history:
The history of towns and cities, although opinions vary on whether any
particular ancient settlement can be considered to be a city. A city formed as central
places of trade for the benefit of the members living in close proximity to others
facilitates interaction of all kinds. These interactions generate both positive and
negative externalities between others' actions. Benefits include reduced transport
costs, exchange of ideas, sharing of natural resources, large local markets, and later in
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their development, amenities such as running water and sewage disposal. Possible
costs would include higher rate of crime, higher mortality rates, higher cost of living,
worse pollution, traffic and high commuting times. Cities will grow when the benefits
of proximity between people and firms are higher than the cost. The first true towns
are sometimes considered to be large settlements where the inhabitants were no longer
simply farmers of the surrounding area, but began to take on specialized occupations,
and where trade, food storage and power was centralized. In 1950 Gordon
Childe attempted to define a historic city with 10 general metrics. These are Size and
density of the population should be above normal. Differentiation of the population.
Not all residents grow their own food, leading to specialists. Payment of taxes to a
deity or king. Monumental public buildings. Those not producing their own food are
supported by the king. Systems of recording and practical science. A system of
writing. Development of symbolic art. Trade and import of raw materials. Specialist
craftsmen from outside the kin-group.
This categorization is descriptive, and it is used as a general touchstone when
considering ancient cities, although not all have each of its characteristics.
2.3 What is city?
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement
on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings,
many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local
law.
.
2.4 What makes a good city:
A city must be in mixed neighborhoods. A great neighbor attitude can also make a
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strong community spirit The transportation linkage also plays an important role and
citizens will have to travel from one place to another easily. A city will need
affordable housing, tax base, social services, sanitation and others. The security level
must be high to let the city safe and peaceful. Like, police protection, fire protection
and others. Besides, education is also important as it help to produce a better place to
study.
2.5 What is the future city:
Future city is a city that more model than the city we live now for human to live in.
The creation of the future city can be because of the present city is no longer live able
or facing war. The many types of future cities can be built in every place, for
example, in underwater, underground, floating in the air, floating on water and others.
The professionals nowadays are working hardly to make a better city for people to
have a nice suitable place to live. A future city includes oriented technologies,
services and schemes. So the human can live more suitable and enjoyable in the
model city.
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3.Investigation & Data Collection about the Ancient Cities
Ancient City-Greece
3.1 Brief of The Greece
The history of Greece encompasses the history of the territory of the modern state of
Greece, as well as that of the Greece people and the areas they ruled historically. The
scope of Greek habitation and rule has varied much through the ages, and, as a result,
the history of Greece is similarly elastic in what it includes. Each era has its own
related sphere of interest.
The first (proto-) Greek-speaking tribes, known later as Mycenaeans, are generally
thought to have arrived in the Greek mainland between the late 3rd and the first half
of the 2nd millennium BC – probably between 1900 and 1600 BC. When the
Mycenaeans invaded, the area was inhabited by various non-Greek-speaking,
indigenous pre-Greek people, who practiced agriculture as they had done since the 7th
millennium BC.
3.2 Ancient Greece city:
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history that lasted
from the Archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC to the end of antiquity.
Immediately following this period was the beginning of the early middle ages and
the Byzantine era. Included in Ancient Greece is the period of classical Greece,
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which flourished during the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Classical Greece began with the
repelling of a Persian invasion by Athenia leadership. Because of conquests
by Alexander the great, Hellenistic civilization flourished from central Asia to the
western end of the Mediterranean Sea.
Classical Greece culture, especially philosophy, had a powerful influence on
the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of the Mediterranean
region and Europe, for which reason Classical Greece is generally considered to be
the seminal culture which provided the foundation of modern Western culture.
Detail of Greece
3.3.1 Greece Economy
The Greece economic height, in the 5th and 4th centuries BC, ancient Greece was the
most advanced economy in the world, it was one of the most advanced preindustrial
economies. This is demonstrated by the average daily wage of the Greek worker
which was, in terms of wheat, about 12 kg. This was more than 3 times the average
daily wage of an Egyptian worker during the Roman period, about 3.75 kg.
3.3.2 Education of Greece
There were two forms of education in ancient Greece that is formal and
informal. Formal education was attained through attendance to a public
school or was provided by a hired tutor. Informal education was provided
by an unpaid teacher, and occurred in a non-public setting. Education was
an essential component of a person’s identity in ancient Greece, and the
type of education a person received was based strongly in one’s social
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class, the culture of one’s polis, and the opinion of one’s culture on what
education should include.
3.3.3 Transportation in Greece
The most efficient transportation in Ancient Greece was by boat. Athens
is not far from the sea. However, there was also overland transportation
by wagon. Athens is still several miles from the sea. Much of Greece is
inland. Since farms in Ancient Greece produced a little excess and
transportation occurred over long distances inland.
3.4 Conclusion for the Greece city
Continuity is clearest in the sphere of religion. Some of the gods alleged to have been
relatively late imports into Greece can in fact be show to have Mycenaean origins. For
instance, one Athenian myth held that Dionysus was a latecomer, so the Dionysus
have been introduced into Attica from Eleutherae in the 6th century.
3.5 The Element I use in my future city
• The design of stadium of Greece
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- I use it design in my stadium. Because it is special and got large
space so we have enough space for visitor to seat to enjoy the
competition.
• The design Greece building
-I use it design as my city shopping mall design. Because it got
good design so can attract more people to visit my city.
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4. Investigation & Data Collection in Present Cities:
London
4.1 Brief of London
London city was just forests and marshes. It is said that London was founded by
Brutus the Trojan, around 1070BC, which is about 1000 years before the Roman
invasion. Brutus is a Trojan prince who was one of the few survivors after the
Greeks burnt Try to the ground. According to a 12th
century monk named Geoffrey
of Monmouth, Brutus was inhabited by a race of giants led by God and Magog
when he landed in Britain. Brutus then chained them to the doors of his palace after
wrestling them into submission. There are also wooden statues of Gog and Magog
standing as guards outside the entrance of the Guidhall till being destroyed an air
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raid in 1940. Gog and Magog are considered as the traditional guardians of the City
of London. London is made up of two ancient cities which are now joined together,
the City of London and also the City of Westminster. The City of London is the
business and financial heart of the United Kingdom and known as the Square Mile.
However, the City of Westminster is where Parliament and most of the government
offices are located. The Queen and the Royal family are located at the Buckingham
Palace, which is in the City of Westminster. With two of the combination above,
they make up a region known as Greater London. The tallest building in London is
the Canary Wharf Tower.
4.2 Transportation
Transport is important in London, however the mayor's financial control does not extend to
the longer distance rail network that enters London. In 2007 he assumed responsibility for
some local lines, which now form the London Over ground network, adding to the existing
responsibility for the London Underground, trams and buses. The public transport network is
administered by Transport for London (TfL) and is one of the most extensive in the
world. Cycling is an increasingly popular way to get around London. The London Cycling
Campaign lobbies for better provision.
The lines that formed the London Underground, as well as trams and buses, became part of
an integrated transport system in 1933 when the London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB)
or London Transport was created. Transport for London (TfL), is now the statutory
corporation responsible for most aspects of the transport system in Greater London, and is
run by a board and a commissioner appointed by the Mayor of London.
4.3 Detail of London
4.3.1 London Underground ( Subway ) – Tube trains
The quickest way to get around London is the Tube, the London’s version of the subway. It is
the world’s first underground network, which is open in 1863. The tube made up of 12 lines.
Each bearing a traditional name and color on the Tube Map. Research has also shown that
about 2.5 million passengers use the tube daily. The Tube is the oldest metro system in the
world. There are about 1 billion journeys made each year. The Tube will get one to the
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destination quicker than bus or taxi. There are now 275 stations on 12 lines with 253 miles of
route, which 20 miles are in shallow tunnels and 93 miles in deep tunnels.
4.3.2 development economy in London
The nature of London's economy has undergone change over the years. While manufacturing
industries held the dominant position during the nineteenth century and the early parts of the
twentieth century, service industries, especially financial and business services are now the
dominant sector. Of the total £37 billion annual export of goods and services, financial and
business services account for about £15.5 billion.
The service sector employs 3.2 million people in London, which is about 85 per cent of
all jobs available in London's service industries. Out of this, the financial sector alone
employs about 1.25 million people. The manufacturing and construction industry, in contrast,
employ half a million residents of Greater London, which is about 11 per cent of the
employable population of Greater London. London is also a vibrant centre for arts and
fashion, film, media, design, law and computing industries.
London is the centre of operations for almost two out of every three Fortune 500 companies
and the European hub for one out of every three large global conglomerates. The London
Stock Exchange is the largest in the world, 32 per cent of all global transactions.
4.3.3 London Travelcard
London Public Transport Network is one of the biggest Public Transport Network and might
see little intimidating to new visitors. With access to Buses, Trams, National Rail services
and the famous London Underground or ‘tube’ a day’s travel can be very expensive. You can
add a London Travelcard to every London Pass and makes your sightseeing experience more
relaxing and lower cost.
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4.4 Conclusion of London city
London is obviously a great city to live in as the architecture is great yet unique,
great transportation service, economy and a lot more. Of course, nothing is perfect,
there are always pro and cons. I think that London should improve on the living
cost.
4.5 Element that can use in my future city
• I use the London transportation system is good so every people who live my
city can have a cheap cost when take the public transport.
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5.Investigation & Data Collection in future cities:
City floating on the water
5.1 Brief of city on the water
The Lily pad, by Vincent Callebaut, is a concept for a completely self-sufficient floating city
intended to provide shelter for future climate change refugees. There are few urban design
solutions that address housing the inevitable tide of displaced people that could arise as
oceans swell under global warming. Certainly none are as spectacular as this one. The intent
of the concept itself is laudable, but it is Callebaut’s phenomenal design that has captured our
imagination.
5.2 A city on the floating water
The city of floating on the water by Vincent Callebaut, which is huge and is a shape like lily
pad. The concept of this city is to give people an opportunity enjoy the view of sea and feel
more close to the environment.
5.3 Brief of City Floating on the water
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• Biomimicry was clearly the inspiration behind the design. The Lily pad,
which was designed to look like a water lily, is intended to be a zero emission
city afloat in the ocean. Through a number of technologies (solar, wind, tidal,
biomass), it is envisioned that the project would be able to not only produce its
own energy, but be able to process CO2 in the atmosphere and absorb it into
its titanium dioxide skin.
• Three marinas and three mountains would surround a centrally located
artificial lagoon that is totally immersed below the water line to act as ballast
for the city. The three mountains and marinas would be dedicated to work,
shopping and entertainment, respectively, while suspended gardens and
aquaculture farms located below the water line would be used to grow food
and biomass.
• The floating city would also include the full complement of renewable energy
technologies, including solar, thermal, wind, tidal, and biomass to produce
more energy than it consumes. The Lily pads could be located close to land or
set free to follow the ocean currents wherever they may lead.
• While Callebaut‘s Lily pad concept is admirable in its aim of providing a
home for displaced climate change refugees, it seems that these same people
would be the last ones to be able to afford a place on what would likely be an
enormously expensive piece of real estate.
• Callebaut’s hope that the Lily pad becomes a reality by 2100 might also make
it too late to benefit those worst affected by any rise in sea levels. Still, like
the Green Float and Ark Hotel concepts, it’s an eye-catching design that will
hopefully get people thinking about ways to tackle the looming problem of
climate change refugees.
5.4Conclusion of ‘City Floating on The water’
The floating is very amazing and unbelievable because the whole city could
float the water is very impossible. In the floating city, we can enjoy the
beautiful sea view and could see many difference type of sea fish, so floating
city is really amazing.
5.5 Elements that I can use for my city
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I choose the type of the city transport because if we on the water, our movement
will be control not as free as on land because it is not easy to go anyway.
6. The “Tokyo” City:
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6.1 Brief of “Tokyo” city:
Tokyo was originally a small fishing village named Edo, in what was formerly part of
the old Musashi Province. Edo was first fortified by the Edo clan, in the late twelfth
century. In 1457, Ōta Dōkan built Edo Castle. In 1590, Tokugawa Ieyasu made Edo his
base and when he became shogun in 1603, the town became the center of his
nationwide military government. During the subsequent Edo period, Edo grew into
one of the largest cities in the world with a population topping one million by the
18th century.Tokyo became the de facto capital of Japan even while the emperor
lived in Kyoto, the imperial capital. After about 263 years, the shogunate was
overthrown under the banner of restoring imperial rule.
6.2 People in Tokyo
The people in Tokyo called Japanese. The people of Tokyo are mostly nice and
polite, though they may seem distant due to the fact that they usually like to keep to
themselves. Most know at least a little English and are always willing to help
foreigners in any way they can.
6.21. Population
With a population density of 5,736 persons per square kilometer, Tokyo is one of the most
densely populated cities in the world. The population of Tokyo City is 8,457,000, while that
of the Tokyo metropolitan area is 12,544,000, which is 10% of Japan's total population.
Besides the regular residents of the city, a large number of people commute to Tokyo every
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day from nearby prefectures to study or work, thus making Tokyo's population by day much
higher than by night.
6.2.2 Religion
Shinto and Buddhism are Japan's two major religions. Shinto is as old as the
Japanese culture, while Buddhism was imported from the mainland in the 6th
century. Since then, the two religions have been co-existing relatively harmoniously
and have even complemented each other to a certain degree. Most Japanese consider
themselves Buddhist, Shintoist or both in their country. But the religion doesn’t play
a big role in the daily life of most Japanese people now. The average person
typically follows the religious rituals at ceremonies like
birth, weddings and funerals, they may visit a shrine or temple on New Year and
participates at local festivals.
6.2.2.1 Shinto
Shinto is the indigenous spirituality of Japan and the people of Japan. It is a set of
practices, to be carried out diligently, to establish a connection between present day
Japan and its ancient past. There are 80 to 90% of Japanese people as Shintoist.
6.2.2.2 Buddhism
Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since at least 552, though some Chinese
sources place the first spreading of the religion earlier during theKofun period (250
to 538). Buddhism has had a major influence on the culture and development of
Japan over the centuries, and remains an important part of the culture. About 90
million people in Japan claim to be Buddhist practitioners and/or believers, which
accounts for about 70% of the population. Due to syncretism in Japan, many
Buddhists also profess adherence to Shinto. In modern times, Japan's most popular
schools of Buddhism are Amidist, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon Buddhismand Zen
Buddhism.
6.3 Culture, type of jobs in Japan
6.3.1 Language
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Their primary language is Japanese. Japanese is relatively small but has a lexically
distinct pitch-accent system. In the early Japanese is known largely the basis of its
state in the 8th century, when the three major works of Old Japanese were compiled.
The earliest attestation of the Japanese language is in a Chinese document from 252
AD.
6.3.2 Type of jobs in Tokyo
• Executive- President, Chancellor, Director of institution
• Professor level- Full Professor, Director of Department
• Communicator- Public Relations, Science Communicator
• Teacher- Instructor at a professional training school, Teacher at an
elementary
• R&D/Engineer- R&D Specialist, Technical Expert, Engineer
.6.4 Details of Tokyo
Economy of Tokyo
Tokyo has the largest metropolitan economy in the world. The Tokyo urban
area (35.2 million people) had a total GDP of US$1.479 trillion in 2008 at purchasing
power parity, which topped that list. As of 2009, 51 of the companies listed on
the Global 500 are based in Tokyo, almost twice that of the second-placed city (Paris).
Tokyo is a major international finance centre, houses the headquarters of several of
the world's largest investment banks and insurance companies, and serves as a hub for
Japan's transportation, publishing, and broadcasting industries.
Tokyo Education
Tokyo got many universities, junior colleges, and vocational schools. Many of Japan's
most prestigious universities are in Tokyo, including University of
Tokyo, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Waseda University,
and Keio University. There is only one non-national public university. There are
many universities well known for classes conducted in English and for the teaching of
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the Japanese language. Tokyo is the headquarters of the United Nations University.
Publicly run kindergartens, elementary schools from years 1 through 6, and junior
high schools from 7 through 9 are operated by local wards or municipal offices.
Public high schools in Tokyo are run by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board
of Education and are called "Metropolitan High Schools".
Transportation
Tokyo, as the centre of the Greater Tokyo Area, is Japan's largest domestic and
international hub for rail, ground, and air transportation. Public transportation within
Tokyo is dominated by an extensive network of clean and efficient trains and subways
run by a variety of operators, with buses, monorails and trams playing a secondary
feeder role.
6.5. A good future city for Japanese
A good future city for them is the city is can avoid the attack by disaster like tsunami,
earthquake and others. The city is have enough spaces to let them to live and got
enough mineral water for them to drink. So they can live peaceful and relax in their
life.
6.6 Conclusion
Tokyo is a good city but if the city is away from the disaster, it wills much better,
the city can be more model. Of course nothing is perfect, there are always pro and
cons. So their country should increase the housing area and reduce the cost of
material because not everyone can support the high cost.
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7. The Floating City “Floating Diamond”
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7.1. Solution to create the “Floating Diamond” city
The reason I called my floating city “Floating Diamond” because my city design
shape like diamond so on top we can see my city just like a big diamond floating on
the water. According to the research on the Tokyo city, I found out that the city
always happen the disaster like tsunami and earthquake. So, I have decided to plan my
new city with the safety facilities to let the Japan citizen have a nice place to live, to
avoid the attack of disaster.
7.2 City floating on the water
The reason I chose city floating on the water because it looks cool to live high up
above everyone. Building city on the water can also avoid from pollution, stress, noise
from the normal city on the ground. Moreover, as the land is getting more limited,
building a city in the sea is a good option; it helps to prevent the land from getting
polluted. The most important reason I choose this city is to avoid the natural disaster
like tsunami, earthquake and others.
7.3 Elements
The city “Floating Diamond” supported by solar energy. The solar energy converts
the sunlight into electrical energy. Not only the city use solar energy, each building
also got solar panels to use solar energy to store the energy for use of emergency.
Therefore, people can live without worry about electric problem. People in the new
city can enjoy a peaceful live as there are public spaces around, they can also get to
live in cool and quite places.
7.4 Conclusion
The “Floating Diamond” City is definitely a good place to live in. It reduces pollution
by using solar and avoids the natural disaster so people can live relax. The city is a
very convenient city with high technology. Let them live in peace and stay away from
the chaos and natural disaster.
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8. The Process and Progress
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9.Conclusion
Through this project, I had learn a lot of new knowledge like how the city make, how
to make a good city and others. As conclusion, anything is possible to happen in year
of 2033, which is in the future and people should take serious and concern about this
issue and prepare the way to avoid the city from destroy, so our new generation have
a good and suitable place to grow up.
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10.Reference Links
• http://www.ancient-greece.org/
• http://www.ancient-greece.org/history.html
• http://www.londonpass.com/london-transport/index.html?
aid=26&gclid=COHm_dvntbgCFUNU4godtQwAaA#.UeYtgRAweeE
• http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/244231/ancient-Greek-
civilization/61494/Conclusion
• http://www.uncsbrp.org/economicdevelopment.htm
• http://inhabitat.com/lilypad-floating-cities-in-the-age-of-global-warming/
• http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e629.html
• http://tokyo-tokyo.com/tokyo_people.htm
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