Electromagnetic Spectrum - Physiotherapy - Dr Rohit Bhaskar

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
©2020 ROHIT BHASKAR PT 1

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
▪ Electromagnetic waves perpendicular
waves combing the electric and magnetic
fields.

 Gamma
rays
 X – rays
 Ultraviolet
 Visible light
 Infra-red
 Microwaves
 Radio
waves
Highest frequency
Shortest wavelength
Lowest frequency
Longest wavelength

SPEED OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
 All electromagnetic waves travel at 3.0
x 108 m/s in a vacuum.
 Speed of a wave formula:
 Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
◼ As the frequency increases, the
wavelength decreases.

 Includes the following types of
waves
 Radio
 Microwaves
 Radar
 Infrared
 Visible Light
 Ultraviolet
 X-Rays
 Gamma Rays

Waves
Longitudinal Waves Transverse Waves
Electromagnetic Waves
Properties
Radiowave
Microwave
Infra-Red
Light
Ultra-Violet
X-ray
Gamma
ray
Comprises of
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Sound waves
Classified into

USES OF GAMMA RAYS
 Kill cancer cells
 Study the nucleus
in atoms

GAMMA RAYS
 Gamma rays are the
highest energy
electromagnetic wave.
 They usually come from
radioactive elements or
stars
 Uses include:
◼ Killing cancer cells
◼ Making pictures of the brain
◼ Inspection tools in industry

X-RAYS
X rays is generated by :
a) Rapid deleceration of fast
moving electrons
b) Changes in energy of innermost orbital
electrons
X-rays are used for :
• diagnostic tool in dentistry and
medicine. Doctors and dentists can
examine the condition of a person’s
bones, the root of this teeth or the
state of other inner part of the body.
• Custom officers at airports inspect the
content of your luggage using X-rays.
• Industry wise, it is used to find cracks
in structures just like cracks in bones.

X-RAYS
 X-Rays have high energy and can
penetrate some material.
 Used in:
◼ Medicine
◼ Industry
◼ Transportation
 Too much exposure can
damag living tissue or even
cause cancer
e
.

USES OF X-RAYS
 Take ‘pictures’
of bones in
the body
 Study the crystal
structure of
crystalline
substances
 Check for
cracks in metal
plates

ULTRAVIOLET WAVES
 UV Light that is at a higher frequency
and energy than violet light.
 UV light can kill micro-organisms.
 Too much exposure can cause:
 Sunburn, Wrinkles, and skin cancer
 As it damages cell DNA

ULTRA-VIOLET
The main source of ultra-violet radiation is sunlight and it is this
radiation which gives rise to suntan and also sunburn.
Ultra-violet radiation is used in hospitals to sterilize the surgical
instruments and operating theatres as it kills bacteria and
viruses.
UV can be detected by:
a) Photographic plates
b) Photoelectric cell
c) Fluorescence

USES OF ULTRAVIOLET
 Detect
counterfeit
notes
 Gives the clothes
a ‘glow’ effect
in discotheques
 Sun-tanning
 Sterilise
medical
equipment

VISIBLE LIGHT
 Visible light is made up of the various ..................... of
colored light.
 The ……… is determined by the frequency of the light.
 When electromagnetic radiation of this frequency falls
on our ……………. our brain interprets it as colour.

USES OF VISIBLE LIGHT
 Enable us to see
things
 Photosynthesis in
plants

USES OF INFRA-RED
 Heating
 Haze photography

INFRARED WAVES
 Infrared waves are heat waves.
 All objects emit infrared waves because all
objects possess heat.
 Night vision goggles detect infrared waves and
allow the user to see the movement of objects
in the dark.
 Many TV remotes use infrared.

USES OF MICROWAVES
 Radar communication
 Analysis of the molecular and
atomic structure
 Telephone
communications

USES OF RADIO WAVES
 Radar
communications
 TV and radio
broadcasting

THANK YOU

Electromagnetic Spectrum - Physiotherapy - Dr Rohit Bhaskar

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