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Electricity2
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- 2. ELECTRICAL ENERGY • Matter ismade up of atoms. In these atoms, there are some even small stuff called electrons that are constantly moving. The movement of these electrons depends on how much energy it has. This means every object has potential energy, even though some have more than others. Humans can force these moving electrons along a path from one place to the other. There are special mediums called conductors, that carry this energy. Some materials cannot carry energy in this form, and they are called insulators. We generate electrical energy whey we succeed in causing these electrons to move from one atom to the other, with the use of magnetic forces
- 3. Click here tosee the movement of electrons
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- 5. ELECTRICAL •ARE FORMED BY GENERATORS,SWITCHES, LIGHT BULBS, ELECTRICAL MOTORS AND CABLES.
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- 8. CONDUCTOR S • ELECTRIC CHARGESCAN MOVE EASILY THROGH CONDUCTORS.
- 9. INSULATORS • ELECTRIC CHARGESCANNOT MOVE TROGH INSULATORS.
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- 11. MAGNETS • A MAGNETIS AN OBJECT WHICH CAN ATRACT OTHER OBJECTS MADE OF IRON. THIS ATTRACTION IS CALLED MAGNETISM .
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- 13. FORCES BETWEEN MAGNETS • MAGNETSHAVE 2 PARTS : • NORTH MAGNETIC POLE SOUTH MAGNETIC POLE • WHEN WE PUT 2 MAGNETS NEAR EACH THEY CAN ATRACT OR REPEL EACH OTHER.
- 14. USE OF MAGNETISM• MAGNETS:USED FOR MICROPHONES, SPEAKERS, ELECTRONIC MOTOR … • ELECTROMAGNET: USED FOR MACHINES THAT SEPARATE A METALLIC OBJECT FROM ANOTHER MATERIAL. • MAGNETIC HARDWARE: USED FOR STORING INFORMATION. • MAGNETIC BAND ALSO TO STORE INFORMATION.
- 15. EARTH MAGNETISM• IT BEHAVESLIKE A GIANT MAGNET WE USE THE EARTH MAGNETISM TO ORIENTATE OURSELVES USING A COMPASS.
- 17. ELECTROMAGNE TS • IS ADEVICE THAT WORKS LIKE A MAGNET WHEN YOU CONNECT IT TO THE ELECTRICITY,S IT STOP WORKING WHEN IT IS DISCONNECTED . IT IS MADE OF A ROLLING COOPER WIRE AROUND A BAR MADE OF IRON. •
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- 19. OBJECTS AND ELECTRICAL CHARGES •THERE ARE 2 TYPES: • POSITIVE • NEGATIVE
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- 21. CABLES • TRANSMIT THEELCTRICAL CURRENT FROM THE GENERATOR TO THE OTHER COMPONENTS OF THE CIRCUIT. GENERALLY, ELECTRIC CABLES ARE MADE OF COOPER WIRES THAT ARE COVERED WITH PLASTIC.
- 22. LIGHT BULBS•CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL CURRENTINTO LIGHT, MOVEMENT, HEAT AND SOUND
- 23. SWITCHES •MAKE IT POSSIBLETO CONTROL THE CURRENT IN THE CIRCUIT. THEY MAKE CURRENT FLOW AND STOP FLOWING.
- 24. GENERATOR S• GENERATORS HAVETWO POLES OR TERMINALS. ELECTRICAL CHARGES EXIT THROUGH ONE TERMINAL AND ENTER THROUGH THE OTHER. IN THIS, AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT IS CREATED.
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- 26. BATTERIES • ARE USEDIN SMALL APPLIANCES, SUCH US TORCHES AND TOYS
- 27. RECHARGEABLES FUNCTION LIKE BATTERIES,WHEN THEY ARE USED UP THEY CAN BE RECHARGED.
- 28. PANELS PANELS TRANSFORM LIGHTINTO ELECTRICAL CURRENT.
- 29. ALTERNATORS AND DYNAMOS THESEPRODUCE ELECTRICAL CURRENTS THANKS TO A TURNING MECHANISM
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- 31. HEAT WHEN ELECTRICAL CURRENTCIRCULATES TROUGH A WIRE, IT CAN HEAT UP.
- 32. LIGHT ELCTRICAL CURRENT CANPRODUCE LIGHT AS WE CAN SEE IN THE LIGHT BULB.
- 33. SOUND ELECTRICAL CURRENT CANBE TRANSFORMED INTO SOUND.
- 34. MAGNETISM WHEN ELECTICAL CURRENTCIRCULATES TROUGH A WIRE , THIS BEHAVES LIKE A MAGMENT.
- 35. MOVEMENT IN ELECTRICAL MOTORS,ELECTRICAL CURRENT PRODUCES A TURNING OF MOVEMENT
- 36. LIGHT •It is notconsidered matter, light is a form of energy made of photons. Light is unique in that it behaves like both a particle and a wave.
- 37. OPAQUE, TRANSLUCENT, TRANSPARENT OBJECTS •Depending on the type of matter it comes into contact with, light will behave differently. Sometimes light will pass directly through the matter, like with air or water. This type of matter is called transparent. Other objects completely reflect light, like an animal or a book. These objects are called opaque. A third type of object does some of both and tends to scatter the light. These objects are called translucent objects.
- 40. SPEED OF LIGHT •Light moves at the fastest known speed in the universe. It travels in a straight way at 300,000 km/sec. However, when passing through transparent materials, like water or glass, light bends or turns. This is because different materials or mediums have different qualities.
- 41. REFRACTION • Refraction Normally,light travels in a straight path called a ray, however, when passing through transparent materials, like water or glass, light bends or turns. This is because different materials or mediums have different qualities. In each type of medium, whether it is air or water or glass, the wavelength of the light will change, but not the frequency. As a result, the direction and speed of the traveling light wave will change and the light will appear to bend or change directions.
- 44. SOUND SOUND IS AVIBRATION, OR WAVE, THAT TRAVELS THROUGH MATTER (SOLID, LIQUID, OR GAS) AND CAN BE HEARD. • SOUND NEEDS MATTER TO TRAVEL. The vibration that starts the sound makes the molecules near it vibrate too and these do it like a chain, so the vibrations contiunues. The sound travels in a straight way at 343 m/sec in air, in water it travels 4 times faster.
- 45. • When anobject runs faster than sound (planes) you can hear like an explosion because it generates a lot of sound waves. This is called a sonic boom, we say it breaks the barrier sound.
- 46. CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUND •Intensity: loud and soft sounds. The loudest are the most intense. • Pitch: by which we identify the origin of the sound: a violin has a differentpitch from a human voice. • Tone: to distinguish high from low notes.
- 47. VOLUME • You measurethe loudness of sound with decibels. • 15-20 decibels can be a whisper, aloud sound of a jet engine can measure 150 decibels. At about 130 decibels it can hurt your ears.
- 48. THANK YOU VERYMUCH LIGHT AND SOUND