Ekg module 4c
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This document provides an overview of AV junctional blocks, including first, second, and third degree blocks. It defines each type of block, describes how they deviate from normal sinus rhythm, and provides their etiologies. Rhythms illustrating each type of block are presented along with their interpretations. It is intended to teach the reader how to recognize and understand different types of AV junctional blocks.
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- Criteria exists to diagnose LVH using a 12-lead ECG, such as the R wave in V5 or V6 plus the S wave in V1 or V2 exceeding 35 mm.
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- Normal cardiac activation sequences during sinus rhythm, pacing, and induced rhythms.
- Measurement of basic conduction intervals like AH, HV, and refractory periods which provide diagnostic information.
- Programmed electrical stimulation techniques like atrial and ventricular pacing, extrastimuli, and burst/ramp pacing which can induce and analyze arrhythmias.
- How these techniques characterize tissue properties, activation sequences, and help terminate tachycardias to establish diagnoses.
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3. Ablation techniques for AVNRT and AVRT are covered, including approaches for mapping the circuits and terminating arrhythmias. The importance of making an accurate diagnosis is emphasized.
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This document provides an overview of basic electrophysiology (EP) studies, which assess the heart's electrical system and conduction pathways. EP studies are used to diagnose and treat cardiac arrhythmias by characterizing atrial and ventricular properties, identifying accessory pathways, and guiding interventions like ablation. Key aspects covered include: indications for EP studies; equipment used; catheter placement; measurement of intervals like AH and HV; pacing protocols to assess refractory periods; and response patterns to extra stimuli.
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This document provides an overview of cardiac pacemakers, including:
- A brief history of the development of pacemakers from the first implant in 1958 to modern devices.
- The components, functions, and types of pacemakers including single vs dual chamber and permanent vs temporary pacing.
- Measurements taken during pacemaker implantation like impedance, sensing threshold, and pacing threshold to ensure proper function.
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Electrophysiologic study - DR SIVANAND PATEL DM CARDIOLOGY (MAMC & GB PANT ,...
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How to perform an ep study and diagnostic pacing during sinus rhythm
How to perform an ep study and diagnostic pacing during sinus rhythm
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narrow QRS tachycardia diagnostic pacing maneuvers
Differentiation between AVNRT and AVRT_advanced lecture
Differentiation between AVNRT and AVRT_advanced lecture
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1) Bradycardia can be caused by abnormalities in the conduction system or autonomic nervous system. The conduction system includes the sinus node, AV node, His-Purkinje system and different types of heart block can occur when impulses are blocked at different locations.
2) There are three main types of AV block - first degree, second degree (Mobitz types I and II), and third degree. High grade AV block involves blockage of two or more consecutive impulses.
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Ecg
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Lec52
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Ekg module 4c
- 1. ECG Rhythm Interpretation Module IV c AV Junctional Blocks
- 2. Course Objectives • To recognize the normal rhythm of the heart - “Normal Sinus Rhythm.” • To recognize the 13 most common rhythm disturbances. • To recognize an acute myocardial infarction on a 12-lead ECG.
- 3. Learning Modules • ECG Basics • How to Analyze a Rhythm • Normal Sinus Rhythm • Heart Arrhythmias • Diagnosing a Myocardial Infarction • Advanced 12-Lead Interpretation
- 4. Arrhythmias • Sinus Rhythms • Premature Beats • Supraventricular Arrhythmias • Ventricular Arrhythmias • AV Junctional Blocks
- 5. AV Nodal Blocks • 1st Degree AV Block • 2nd Degree AV Block, Type I • 2nd Degree AV Block, Type II • 3rd Degree AV Block
- 6. Rhythm #10 • Rate? 60 bpm • Regularity? regular • P waves? normal • PR interval? 0.36 s • QRS duration? 0.08 s Interpretation? 1st Degree AV Block
- 7. 1st Degree AV Block • Deviation from NSR – PR Interval > 0.20 s
- 8. 1st Degree AV Block • Etiology: Prolonged conduction delay in the AV node or Bundle of His.
- 9. Rhythm #11 • Rate? 50 bpm • Regularity? regularly irregular • P waves? nl, but 4th no QRS • PR interval? lengthens • QRS duration? 0.08 s Interpretation? 2nd Degree AV Block, Type I
- 10. 2nd Degree AV Block, Type I • Deviation from NSR – PR interval progressively lengthens, then the impulse is completely blocked (P wave not followed by QRS).
- 11. 2nd Degree AV Block, Type I • Etiology: Each successive atrial impulse encounters a longer and longer delay in the AV node until one impulse (usually the 3rd or 4th) fails to make it through the AV node.
- 12. Rhythm #12 • Rate? 40 bpm • Regularity? regular • P waves? nl, 2 of 3 no QRS • PR interval? 0.14 s • QRS duration? 0.08 s Interpretation? 2nd Degree AV Block, Type II
- 13. 2nd Degree AV Block, Type II • Deviation from NSR – Occasional P waves are completely blocked (P wave not followed by QRS).
- 14. 2nd Degree AV Block, Type II • Etiology: Conduction is all or nothing (no prolongation of PR interval); typically block occurs in the Bundle of His.
- 15. Rhythm #13 • Rate? 40 bpm • Regularity? regular • P waves? no relation to QRS • PR interval? none • QRS duration? wide (> 0.12 s) Interpretation? 3rd Degree AV Block
- 16. 3rd Degree AV Block • Deviation from NSR – The P waves are completely blocked in the AV junction; QRS complexes originate independently from below the junction.
- 17. 3rd Degree AV Block • Etiology: There is complete block of conduction in the AV junction, so the atria and ventricles form impulses independently of each other. Without impulses from the atria, the ventricles own intrinsic pacemaker kicks in at around 30 - 45 beats/minute.
- 18. Remember • When an impulse originates in a ventricle, conduction through the ventricles will be inefficient and the QRS will be wide and bizarre.