The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nets, and wraps can be used to alter fabric properties at the molecular level. Nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can inject properties like absorbency into synthetic fibers. Nano wraps enhance fabric strength, durability, and colorfastness after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like clay, zinc oxide, and silver are also discussed and their functions outlined, such as providing flame retardancy, UV protection, and antimicrobial properties. The document concludes by noting characteristics of nano-finished garments such as protection, reduced care needs, and enhanced comfort and durability.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textile industries. It describes how nanotechnology can be used to address common clothing issues like shrinkage, fading, stains, odors, wrinkles, and temperature regulation. It outlines different types of nano particles like nanofibers, nano-composites, carbon nanotubes that can impart novel properties. Some examples mentioned are using silver, zinc oxide or titanium dioxide nanoparticles for antibacterial properties, aluminum oxide or silicon dioxide for increased durability, and carbon nanotubes for conductivity or fireproofing. The future of nanotechnology in textiles is presented as improving material properties, developing smart textiles with novel sensing functions, and expanding use of nanofibers in
The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. The recent development of nanotechnology in textile areas including textile formation and textile finishing basically based on nanoparticles. Nanoparticles may consist of various elements and compounds and have a length of 1 to 100 nm. Nanoparticles are the most important elements which are now widely used to develop the textile materials and introduce new properties in textiles products.
APPLICATIONS OF NANO AND BIOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES Praveen Rams
This document provides an overview of applications of nanotechnology and biotechnology in textiles. It discusses how nanotechnology involves engineering on an atomic scale to create small, cheap devices using less raw materials. Nanoparticles between 1-100 nm can be used in textile fibers, yarns, and coatings. Biotechnology uses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies that improve fiber durability. It can be used to genetically modify microorganisms, replace harsh chemicals with enzymes in processing, and develop diagnostic tools and waste management solutions for the textile industry. Both nanotechnology and biotechnology can enhance natural fibers like cotton and wool.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanotechnology involves engineering at the nanoscale of 1 to 100 nanometers. It discusses how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nano nets, and nano wraps are used in textiles to impart properties like stain resistance, durability, breathability, fast drying, and color changing abilities. Specific applications discussed include self-cleaning clothes using titanium dioxide nanoparticles, temperature regulating clothes using carbon nanotubes, camouflage fabrics for the military, and nanofiber scaffolds for tissue engineering.
The document discusses the application of azoic dyes to cotton. Azoic dyes are produced by reacting a coupling compound, like naphthol, with a di-azo compound or diazo base. This reaction produces an insoluble colored substance that provides excellent washing fastness. The process involves first treating the naphthol to make it water soluble, then diazotizing the base compound and coupling it with the naphthol compound in the fabric to produce the color within the cotton fibers.
The document summarizes the use of nanotechnology in textiles and cosmetics. It discusses how nanomaterials can provide benefits like dirt and water repellence, UV protection, and antibacterial properties when added to textiles. Common nanomaterials used in textiles include titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, silver, zinc oxide, and carbon nanotubes. The document also outlines various nanomaterials used in cosmetics like liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and nanosilver/nanogold and how they can help deliver active ingredients and provide benefits like UV protection.
Nano technology in textiles. seminar. pptxBademaw Abate
The application of nanotechnology in textiles is growing so fast. The main difference b/n nano finishing and conventional finishing is durability, comfort and breath-ability enhancement in nano finishes.
The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nets, and wraps can be used to alter fabric properties at the molecular level. Nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can inject properties like absorbency into synthetic fibers. Nano wraps enhance fabric strength, durability, and colorfastness after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like clay, zinc oxide, and silver are also discussed and their functions outlined, such as providing flame retardancy, UV protection, and antimicrobial properties. The document concludes by noting characteristics of nano-finished garments such as protection, reduced care needs, and enhanced comfort and durability.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textile industries. It describes how nanotechnology can be used to address common clothing issues like shrinkage, fading, stains, odors, wrinkles, and temperature regulation. It outlines different types of nano particles like nanofibers, nano-composites, carbon nanotubes that can impart novel properties. Some examples mentioned are using silver, zinc oxide or titanium dioxide nanoparticles for antibacterial properties, aluminum oxide or silicon dioxide for increased durability, and carbon nanotubes for conductivity or fireproofing. The future of nanotechnology in textiles is presented as improving material properties, developing smart textiles with novel sensing functions, and expanding use of nanofibers in
The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. The recent development of nanotechnology in textile areas including textile formation and textile finishing basically based on nanoparticles. Nanoparticles may consist of various elements and compounds and have a length of 1 to 100 nm. Nanoparticles are the most important elements which are now widely used to develop the textile materials and introduce new properties in textiles products.
APPLICATIONS OF NANO AND BIOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES Praveen Rams
This document provides an overview of applications of nanotechnology and biotechnology in textiles. It discusses how nanotechnology involves engineering on an atomic scale to create small, cheap devices using less raw materials. Nanoparticles between 1-100 nm can be used in textile fibers, yarns, and coatings. Biotechnology uses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies that improve fiber durability. It can be used to genetically modify microorganisms, replace harsh chemicals with enzymes in processing, and develop diagnostic tools and waste management solutions for the textile industry. Both nanotechnology and biotechnology can enhance natural fibers like cotton and wool.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanotechnology involves engineering at the nanoscale of 1 to 100 nanometers. It discusses how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nano nets, and nano wraps are used in textiles to impart properties like stain resistance, durability, breathability, fast drying, and color changing abilities. Specific applications discussed include self-cleaning clothes using titanium dioxide nanoparticles, temperature regulating clothes using carbon nanotubes, camouflage fabrics for the military, and nanofiber scaffolds for tissue engineering.
The document discusses the application of azoic dyes to cotton. Azoic dyes are produced by reacting a coupling compound, like naphthol, with a di-azo compound or diazo base. This reaction produces an insoluble colored substance that provides excellent washing fastness. The process involves first treating the naphthol to make it water soluble, then diazotizing the base compound and coupling it with the naphthol compound in the fabric to produce the color within the cotton fibers.
The document summarizes the use of nanotechnology in textiles and cosmetics. It discusses how nanomaterials can provide benefits like dirt and water repellence, UV protection, and antibacterial properties when added to textiles. Common nanomaterials used in textiles include titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, silver, zinc oxide, and carbon nanotubes. The document also outlines various nanomaterials used in cosmetics like liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and nanosilver/nanogold and how they can help deliver active ingredients and provide benefits like UV protection.
Nano technology in textiles. seminar. pptxBademaw Abate
The application of nanotechnology in textiles is growing so fast. The main difference b/n nano finishing and conventional finishing is durability, comfort and breath-ability enhancement in nano finishes.
Textile Fibers are the basic structural units of Textile fabrics. Knowing the building blocks of textile fibers(polymers) is vital inoder to explain chemical and physical properties.
The document discusses how nanotechnology can be applied to textiles by reducing materials' size to the nanometer scale, changing their properties. It outlines several nanotechnology production techniques that can create nanofibers, nanocomposites, and nanocoatings for textiles. Potential future applications described include nano care, pel, dry, and touch technologies to enhance textile performance and characteristics at the nanoscale level.
Azo dyes are formed by coupling reactions between colorless components called napthols and bases. The coupling reaction occurs on the fiber to produce an insoluble colored compound with good fastness. Azo dyes are applied by first treating cotton with a napthol solution, then developing the dye by treating with an acidic diazonium salt solution of the base. This produces the colored azo group. A final soaping step improves the rubbing fastness. Azo dyes have good light and washing fastness but poor rubbing fastness without soaping.
Nanotechnology is being used in textiles and cosmetics in the following ways:
1. In textiles, nanoparticles are being used to impart properties like water and stain resistance, UV protection, and antimicrobial effects. Nanofibers and nano coatings can also enhance fabric durability and breathability.
2. In cosmetics, nanoparticles are being used as delivery mechanisms for active ingredients and to provide UV protection. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are commonly used in sunscreens for their UV blocking abilities.
3. Both industries are researching applications of smart fabrics and warning displays that can monitor vital signs and send distress signals using sensors and flexible light displays integrated into fabrics.
This document discusses beetling and stiffening processes for linen and other fabrics. Beetling involves hammering linen with wooden blocks to flatten yarns and produce a smooth sheen. Stiffening involves applying polymeric coatings like starches, gums, or synthetic resins to fabrics to make them rigid. Natural agents for stiffening include starches, gums, and dextrins, while synthetic options are methyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, acrylates, and polystyrene. The document explains the methods and advantages of various stiffening techniques.
Smart textiles are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli through integrated electronics or other technologies. They have a wide range of applications, including in medicine to monitor vital signs, in fashion as displays on clothing, and as soft interfaces. Smart textiles work by using conductive materials integrated into fabrics that can detect changes and respond accordingly, often transmitting related data. Common triggers sensed include touch, temperature, pressure, and other bodily functions.
This document provides an overview of nano finishing of textiles, which is an incipient technology. It introduces nano technology and how it can be applied to textile finishing to impart new characteristics. Some key applications of nano finishing discussed include providing water and stain resistance, UV protection, antibacterial properties, wrinkle resistance, and flame retardancy. The document also describes various nano particles that can be used for different functions and synthesis methods like chemical vapor deposition and plasma deposition. In conclusion, nano finishing is still in its early stages but offers exciting opportunities to further innovate textile properties through research.
The document provides an overview of reactive dyes:
1) Reactive dyes chemically bond to fibers through reactive groups that form covalent bonds with hydroxyl or amino groups on fibers like cotton, polyamide, and wool.
2) They were first invented in 1956 and provided brighter colors and better fastness than previous dyes.
3) Reactive dyes are now widely used for cellulosic fibers due to their brighter colors, good fastness properties, and simpler dyeing process compared to other dyes.
THIS PPT IS FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN THE NANO TECHNOLOGY AND THIS IS ALL ABOUT STUDY, I HAVE NO EXPERIMENT OF MYSELF IN THIS , AM SORRY IF ANYONE HURTED , REFERENCES ARE IN THE LASR OF PPT
This document provides an overview of drawing and texturizing processes in the textile industry. It begins with an introduction to filament production from man-made materials and defines drawing as a process used to orient polymer molecules and increase filament strength. Texturizing is defined as introducing crimps, loops or coils to filaments to create bulk. Common texturizing methods like false twist, draw texturizing and air jet texturizing are described. The document concludes with links to related textile technology Facebook pages.
Dr bmn college special finishes for textiles pradnya_ss
This document provides information about various textile finishing processes. It begins with an introduction to textile finishing, defining it as the final surface treatment of cloth after weaving or knitting to prepare it for market. It then discusses the objectives and types of finishing, including mechanical finishes like calendaring and chemical finishes like bleaching. Specific mechanical finishes like tentering and calendaring are described in more detail. The document also covers special finishes like resin finishing, degumming, carbonising and softening. It aims to improve the appearance, feel and performance properties of fabrics.
This document discusses ultraviolet (UV) radiation and how textiles can provide UV protection. It begins by describing the different types of UV radiation from the sun and their wavelengths. It then explains how factors like sun angle, location, season, and clouds impact UV exposure. The document discusses the effects of UV radiation on human skin and how protection factor (PF) and ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) are measured. It explores how UV radiation degrades fabrics and how UV absorbers incorporated into fibers or finishes can improve UV blocking. Common organic and inorganic UV absorber types and application methods are outlined.
1. Mordants are chemical binding agents that help dyes adhere to fabrics by forming coordination complexes between the dye and the mordant, which then attaches to the fabric.
2. Common mordants include alum, tin, iron, chrome, and copper, though some can be toxic. Mordants are used before, during, or after dyeing to improve color fastness.
3. Different mordants will produce different dye colors; some darken hues while others brighten them. Proper mordanting is important for vibrant, long-lasting colors from natural dyes.
This document summarizes the key properties and processes involved in dyeing cotton with vat dyes. Vat dyes are insoluble in water but can be converted to a water-soluble form through a process called vatting, which involves reducing the dye and forming a salt. The water-soluble form dyes cotton fibers, and is then re-oxidized inside the fibers. The dyeing process involves steps of reduction, dyeing, oxidation, and soaping to achieve bright shades and fastness properties.
Electrical properties of textile fiber NazmulAhshan
Textile materials have the inherent ability to store electric charges. “Electrifiability” means the ability
of a clothing to generate and retain an electrostatic field of significant strength for a relative long time.
The interest for investigation of the electrical properties of the fibres was generated with the use of
fibres as insulating materials. Later, the resistance and capacity methods were used in instruments to
determine the moisture content and the irregularity of the fiber assemblies. Applications of conductive
textiles are more and more numerous in technical areas and cater to functions such as heating,
conduction, or EMI shielding, prevention of static charges build-up.
Most of the textile and plastic materials are electrical insulators. They accumulate electrostatic charge,
which causes problems such as severe shock, fire, dust accumulation, etc. during processing. The
electrical conductivity is required to dissipate the charges and use of fibres blended with conductive
type of fibres prevents such risk. Low and limiting electrical conduction is required in many practical
applications such as electromagnetic shielding, electrostatic elimination, conveyor belts, aviation/space
suits, dry filtration, carpets etc. For this purpose, various products having reasonably good electrical
conductivity are required. This can be obtained by incorporating metal fillers or coating with some agent.
The textile materials being flexible and easily workable are the most preferred one in such cases.
Nano finishes can provide various functional benefits to textiles. Nanoparticles like whiskers, nets, and wraps can be applied to fibers at the molecular level to alter their properties, unlike traditional resin finishes. For example, nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can give synthetic fibers properties of natural fibers like linen. Nano wraps can enhance fabric strength and durability after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide can provide UV protection and antibacterial properties. Overall, nano finishes allow adding value through functional improvements like moisture wicking and durability without compromising softness and comfort.
This document provides information about acid dyes. It begins with an introduction to acid dyes, noting that they are large dyes containing sulfonic or carboxylic acid groups that dye protein fibers like wool from acid solutions. It then discusses the properties of acid dyes, including that they are water soluble and have affinity for protein and nylon fibers. The document also covers the classification, structure, and dyeing processes for acid dyes. In particular, it differentiates between types of acid dyes like levelling, fast, milling, and super-milling dyes based on their molecular size and dyeing characteristics.
Yarn properties effecting comfort of the fabrichema upadhayay
Yarn properties such as twist, size, and texture affect the comfort properties of fabrics. High twist yarns result in fabrics with better durability but lower moisture absorption. Low twist yarns allow for better insulation and moisture absorption. Bulkier yarns like textured yarns provide more comfort through better absorbency, stretch, and insulation compared to smooth filament yarns. The type of yarn, whether spun, filament, or textured, determines characteristics like warmth, absorbency, durability, and ease of care for the resulting fabric. Yarn properties are thus an important consideration in designing comfortable fabrics.
- Accumulation of nanoparticles in the body can occur due to lack of degradation or excretion, as many nanoparticles are not biodegradable. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure to nanoparticles can potentially cause health effects, though more research is needed.
- Inhalation of nanoparticles can deposit in the lungs and cause pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer over long periods. Ingestion may cause liver damage. Dermal penetration of some nanoparticles is possible but not well understood.
- Further research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes, and to determine exposure limits to prevent harmful effects. Various agencies are conducting studies on nanoparticle health risks.
The document discusses potential health and safety issues related to nanoparticles. It notes that nanoparticles may accumulate in the body since many are not biodegradable, and their health effects are not well understood. Nanoparticles can be hazardous if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin contact. Inhalation of nanoparticles can cause lung inflammation and damage. Ingestion may lead to liver damage. Dermal exposure is also a concern since nanoparticles may penetrate skin. More research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes and on organs like the liver and kidneys. Various studies and agencies are working to evaluate potential nanoparticle health risks.
Textile Fibers are the basic structural units of Textile fabrics. Knowing the building blocks of textile fibers(polymers) is vital inoder to explain chemical and physical properties.
The document discusses how nanotechnology can be applied to textiles by reducing materials' size to the nanometer scale, changing their properties. It outlines several nanotechnology production techniques that can create nanofibers, nanocomposites, and nanocoatings for textiles. Potential future applications described include nano care, pel, dry, and touch technologies to enhance textile performance and characteristics at the nanoscale level.
Azo dyes are formed by coupling reactions between colorless components called napthols and bases. The coupling reaction occurs on the fiber to produce an insoluble colored compound with good fastness. Azo dyes are applied by first treating cotton with a napthol solution, then developing the dye by treating with an acidic diazonium salt solution of the base. This produces the colored azo group. A final soaping step improves the rubbing fastness. Azo dyes have good light and washing fastness but poor rubbing fastness without soaping.
Nanotechnology is being used in textiles and cosmetics in the following ways:
1. In textiles, nanoparticles are being used to impart properties like water and stain resistance, UV protection, and antimicrobial effects. Nanofibers and nano coatings can also enhance fabric durability and breathability.
2. In cosmetics, nanoparticles are being used as delivery mechanisms for active ingredients and to provide UV protection. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are commonly used in sunscreens for their UV blocking abilities.
3. Both industries are researching applications of smart fabrics and warning displays that can monitor vital signs and send distress signals using sensors and flexible light displays integrated into fabrics.
This document discusses beetling and stiffening processes for linen and other fabrics. Beetling involves hammering linen with wooden blocks to flatten yarns and produce a smooth sheen. Stiffening involves applying polymeric coatings like starches, gums, or synthetic resins to fabrics to make them rigid. Natural agents for stiffening include starches, gums, and dextrins, while synthetic options are methyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, acrylates, and polystyrene. The document explains the methods and advantages of various stiffening techniques.
Smart textiles are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli through integrated electronics or other technologies. They have a wide range of applications, including in medicine to monitor vital signs, in fashion as displays on clothing, and as soft interfaces. Smart textiles work by using conductive materials integrated into fabrics that can detect changes and respond accordingly, often transmitting related data. Common triggers sensed include touch, temperature, pressure, and other bodily functions.
This document provides an overview of nano finishing of textiles, which is an incipient technology. It introduces nano technology and how it can be applied to textile finishing to impart new characteristics. Some key applications of nano finishing discussed include providing water and stain resistance, UV protection, antibacterial properties, wrinkle resistance, and flame retardancy. The document also describes various nano particles that can be used for different functions and synthesis methods like chemical vapor deposition and plasma deposition. In conclusion, nano finishing is still in its early stages but offers exciting opportunities to further innovate textile properties through research.
The document provides an overview of reactive dyes:
1) Reactive dyes chemically bond to fibers through reactive groups that form covalent bonds with hydroxyl or amino groups on fibers like cotton, polyamide, and wool.
2) They were first invented in 1956 and provided brighter colors and better fastness than previous dyes.
3) Reactive dyes are now widely used for cellulosic fibers due to their brighter colors, good fastness properties, and simpler dyeing process compared to other dyes.
THIS PPT IS FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN THE NANO TECHNOLOGY AND THIS IS ALL ABOUT STUDY, I HAVE NO EXPERIMENT OF MYSELF IN THIS , AM SORRY IF ANYONE HURTED , REFERENCES ARE IN THE LASR OF PPT
This document provides an overview of drawing and texturizing processes in the textile industry. It begins with an introduction to filament production from man-made materials and defines drawing as a process used to orient polymer molecules and increase filament strength. Texturizing is defined as introducing crimps, loops or coils to filaments to create bulk. Common texturizing methods like false twist, draw texturizing and air jet texturizing are described. The document concludes with links to related textile technology Facebook pages.
Dr bmn college special finishes for textiles pradnya_ss
This document provides information about various textile finishing processes. It begins with an introduction to textile finishing, defining it as the final surface treatment of cloth after weaving or knitting to prepare it for market. It then discusses the objectives and types of finishing, including mechanical finishes like calendaring and chemical finishes like bleaching. Specific mechanical finishes like tentering and calendaring are described in more detail. The document also covers special finishes like resin finishing, degumming, carbonising and softening. It aims to improve the appearance, feel and performance properties of fabrics.
This document discusses ultraviolet (UV) radiation and how textiles can provide UV protection. It begins by describing the different types of UV radiation from the sun and their wavelengths. It then explains how factors like sun angle, location, season, and clouds impact UV exposure. The document discusses the effects of UV radiation on human skin and how protection factor (PF) and ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) are measured. It explores how UV radiation degrades fabrics and how UV absorbers incorporated into fibers or finishes can improve UV blocking. Common organic and inorganic UV absorber types and application methods are outlined.
1. Mordants are chemical binding agents that help dyes adhere to fabrics by forming coordination complexes between the dye and the mordant, which then attaches to the fabric.
2. Common mordants include alum, tin, iron, chrome, and copper, though some can be toxic. Mordants are used before, during, or after dyeing to improve color fastness.
3. Different mordants will produce different dye colors; some darken hues while others brighten them. Proper mordanting is important for vibrant, long-lasting colors from natural dyes.
This document summarizes the key properties and processes involved in dyeing cotton with vat dyes. Vat dyes are insoluble in water but can be converted to a water-soluble form through a process called vatting, which involves reducing the dye and forming a salt. The water-soluble form dyes cotton fibers, and is then re-oxidized inside the fibers. The dyeing process involves steps of reduction, dyeing, oxidation, and soaping to achieve bright shades and fastness properties.
Electrical properties of textile fiber NazmulAhshan
Textile materials have the inherent ability to store electric charges. “Electrifiability” means the ability
of a clothing to generate and retain an electrostatic field of significant strength for a relative long time.
The interest for investigation of the electrical properties of the fibres was generated with the use of
fibres as insulating materials. Later, the resistance and capacity methods were used in instruments to
determine the moisture content and the irregularity of the fiber assemblies. Applications of conductive
textiles are more and more numerous in technical areas and cater to functions such as heating,
conduction, or EMI shielding, prevention of static charges build-up.
Most of the textile and plastic materials are electrical insulators. They accumulate electrostatic charge,
which causes problems such as severe shock, fire, dust accumulation, etc. during processing. The
electrical conductivity is required to dissipate the charges and use of fibres blended with conductive
type of fibres prevents such risk. Low and limiting electrical conduction is required in many practical
applications such as electromagnetic shielding, electrostatic elimination, conveyor belts, aviation/space
suits, dry filtration, carpets etc. For this purpose, various products having reasonably good electrical
conductivity are required. This can be obtained by incorporating metal fillers or coating with some agent.
The textile materials being flexible and easily workable are the most preferred one in such cases.
Nano finishes can provide various functional benefits to textiles. Nanoparticles like whiskers, nets, and wraps can be applied to fibers at the molecular level to alter their properties, unlike traditional resin finishes. For example, nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can give synthetic fibers properties of natural fibers like linen. Nano wraps can enhance fabric strength and durability after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide can provide UV protection and antibacterial properties. Overall, nano finishes allow adding value through functional improvements like moisture wicking and durability without compromising softness and comfort.
This document provides information about acid dyes. It begins with an introduction to acid dyes, noting that they are large dyes containing sulfonic or carboxylic acid groups that dye protein fibers like wool from acid solutions. It then discusses the properties of acid dyes, including that they are water soluble and have affinity for protein and nylon fibers. The document also covers the classification, structure, and dyeing processes for acid dyes. In particular, it differentiates between types of acid dyes like levelling, fast, milling, and super-milling dyes based on their molecular size and dyeing characteristics.
Yarn properties effecting comfort of the fabrichema upadhayay
Yarn properties such as twist, size, and texture affect the comfort properties of fabrics. High twist yarns result in fabrics with better durability but lower moisture absorption. Low twist yarns allow for better insulation and moisture absorption. Bulkier yarns like textured yarns provide more comfort through better absorbency, stretch, and insulation compared to smooth filament yarns. The type of yarn, whether spun, filament, or textured, determines characteristics like warmth, absorbency, durability, and ease of care for the resulting fabric. Yarn properties are thus an important consideration in designing comfortable fabrics.
- Accumulation of nanoparticles in the body can occur due to lack of degradation or excretion, as many nanoparticles are not biodegradable. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure to nanoparticles can potentially cause health effects, though more research is needed.
- Inhalation of nanoparticles can deposit in the lungs and cause pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer over long periods. Ingestion may cause liver damage. Dermal penetration of some nanoparticles is possible but not well understood.
- Further research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes, and to determine exposure limits to prevent harmful effects. Various agencies are conducting studies on nanoparticle health risks.
The document discusses potential health and safety issues related to nanoparticles. It notes that nanoparticles may accumulate in the body since many are not biodegradable, and their health effects are not well understood. Nanoparticles can be hazardous if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin contact. Inhalation of nanoparticles can cause lung inflammation and damage. Ingestion may lead to liver damage. Dermal exposure is also a concern since nanoparticles may penetrate skin. More research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes and on organs like the liver and kidneys. Various studies and agencies are working to evaluate potential nanoparticle health risks.
Potential bio-accumulation of nanoscale particles.
- Nanoparticles may accumulate in organisms and biomagnify up the food chain due to their inability to degrade or be excreted. Many nanoparticles are not biodegradable and could accumulate in higher organisms that consume those lower in the food web. Very little is understood about possible health effects of nanoparticle exposure.
Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. As the size of particles decreases, their surface area increases, allowing more of their atoms and molecules to interact with the environment and potentially cause toxic effects. Nanomaterials can enter the body through various routes and distribute to organs, where they may cause toxicity through effects like inflammation, DNA damage, and tissue damage. They may also pollute the environment through deposition in water, soil, and plants. Occupational, consumer, and environmental exposures are increasing as nanotechnology applications expand. The toxicity depends on factors like surface area, chemical composition, and ability to interact with and inhibit enzymes.
The document discusses issues related to safety, health, and environmental (SH&E) management of nanotechnology. It provides an overview of nanotechnology and nanoparticles, potential health risks from exposure, challenges in exposure monitoring and control, and considerations for best practices. Regulatory frameworks are still developing as knowledge of nanomaterial properties and toxicity is limited. More research is needed to better understand and manage potential risks.
This document discusses the risks of nanotechnology related to soil, air and water pollution. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding the nature and characteristics of nanoparticles, the manufacturing processes used and their byproducts, and how nanoparticles may behave in the environment. It then discusses some examples of consumer products containing nanoparticles and potential health issues if nanoparticles are inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Environmental groups are concerned about a lack of research on nanoparticle impacts and the need for regulation and oversight of nanotechnology. In conclusion, while nanotechnology has potential benefits, new risk assessment and regulatory approaches may be needed to understand and mitigate potential negative environmental and health impacts.
Emerging trends of nanotechnology in biomedical engineeringIAEME Publication
This document discusses emerging trends in nanotechnology for biomedical engineering applications. It begins with definitions of nanotechnology and nanoscale materials. It then discusses various medical applications of nanotechnology including nanorobots for disease treatment and diagnosis. Surgical applications like retinal implants and robotic surgery are also covered. The document concludes by discussing potential concerns from engineered nanoparticles and exposure control procedures.
Nanotechnology_20231223_114542_0000.pdf in questions type presentationManishKumar822818
This is a presentation ppt on nanotechnology. This is a short presentation on nanotechnology.
This is question type presentation.
Topics covered is :
What is nanotechnology?
What is the current state of nanoscience and nanotechnology?
What are the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles?
How are nanoparticles formed?
What are the uses of nanoparticles in consumer products?
What are potential harmful effects of nanoparticles?
How can exposure to nanoparticles be measured?
Are current risk assessment methodologies for nanoparticles adequate?
Conclusion
The document summarizes key topics related to nanosafety in a nanomaterials and nanotechnology course taught by Dr. XA Sun. It discusses potential hazards of nanomaterials, important considerations for nanosafety including proper personal protective equipment, engineering controls, and safe handling practices. It also notes challenges in characterizing nanomaterials and a lack of standards and regulations. The document emphasizes the need for more research on nanosafety and collaboration between researchers and environmental health and safety experts to develop effective safety protocols and practices.
This document discusses the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles. It begins with an introduction to nanoparticles and their size-dependent properties. It then reviews literature on the various applications of nanoparticles in biomedical, environmental, and industrial fields. Specifically, it discusses how ZnO nanoparticles have shown antibacterial effects against various microorganisms. The document concludes by outlining several references used in the literature review.
Potential health issues for nanotechnology include:
(1) Bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in organisms and potential toxicity;
(2) Unknown health effects of nanoparticle exposure through inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion which can cause tissue damage, liver damage, and granulomas;
(3) Difficulty controlling nanoparticle exposure through standard methods like respirators due to small particle size.
Risk in the use of silver nanoparticles on humainPierre Basmaji
This document summarizes the risks associated with nanosilver toxicity and its effects on human health. It discusses how nanosilver is being used in many consumer products due to its antibacterial properties but that its small size and large surface area may increase its toxicity compared to bulk silver. The document outlines several potential health effects from nanosilver exposure including argyria (permanent skin discoloration), respiratory issues, gastrointestinal problems, kidney and liver damage, and cellular damage. It concludes that more research is needed to fully characterize nanosilver's health risks to humans.
Although nanotechnology has been recognized as an enabling technology, human and environmental exposure to nanomaterials is inevitable. As such, the need to ensure that the technology and its various applications are safe is paramount. The current concern on the risks of nanotechnology tends to specialize in the potential dangers of nanomaterials and nanoparticles. The ability to predict and mitigate potential health effects is crucial for sustainability of nanotechnology. This paper introduces the reader to safety in nanotechnology. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Uwakwe C. Chukwu | Abayomi Ajayi-Majebi | Sarhan M. Musa "Essence of Nanosafety" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47873.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/47873/essence-of-nanosafety/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale and has many applications in medicine. It can be used to more precisely deliver drugs to specific locations in the body using nanobots or nanoparticles, helping improve treatment effectiveness and reduce side effects. Disease diagnosis and prevention may also be enhanced through tools like quantum dots that can identify cancer cells and nanobots that remove fat deposits or "cook" tumors. However, there are also environmental and health risks like nanoparticles potentially damaging lungs or organs if inhaled or entering the bloodstream that require further research. Overall, while still developing, nanomedicine shows promise for new cures and saving lives if risks are adequately addressed.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale and has many applications in medicine. It can be used to more precisely deliver drugs to specific locations in the body using nanobots or nanoparticles, helping improve treatment effectiveness and reduce side effects. Disease diagnosis and prevention may also be enhanced through tools like quantum dots that can identify cancer cells and nanobots that remove fat deposits or "cook" tumors. However, there are also environmental and health risks like nanoparticles potentially damaging lungs or organs if inhaled or entering the bloodstream that require further research. Overall, while still developing, nanomedicine shows promise for finding cures but safety testing is important to ensure safe use.
Nanotechnology has applications in combating cancer and reducing pollution, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions. The NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer is working to ensure responsible development of nanotechnologies for cancer treatment and diagnosis. While nanoparticles exist naturally and as byproducts of human activities, their small size raises health and safety concerns that require careful study. The NCI's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory evaluates over 125 nanoparticles intended for medical use to better understand their impacts and ensure safety.
Nanoparticles are already being used in hundreds of consumer products like sunscreens and cosmetics. Scientific studies have shown that nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide commonly used in these products can damage DNA and cause cell toxicity when exposed to UV light. A recent study also found transfer of titanium dioxide nanoparticles from pregnant mice to offspring, causing brain and nerve damage. While it is unknown if nanoparticles can penetrate intact skin, studies indicate they likely can penetrate damaged or sunburnt skin. Fullerenes used in some cosmetics have been shown to penetrate intact skin and pose toxic risks. Despite these risks, nanoparticles are not subject to safety testing in the US before use in consumer products.
This document discusses potential applications of nanotechnology across many fields. It begins by defining nanotechnology as the study and control of matter at the atomic and molecular scale, generally 100 nanometers or smaller. It then outlines several implications and applications of nanotechnology in areas like medicine, energy, environment, information/communication, aerospace, construction, and more. The document raises some health and environmental concerns regarding nanotechnology and discusses further research needed for many applications.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis and treatment. It begins with an overview of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. It then discusses how cancer forms and the various factors that can cause cancer like chemicals, radiation, viruses and lifestyle. The document outlines how nanotechnology can be used to more effectively deliver drugs, detect cancer at an early stage, and treat cancer through approaches like photothermal ablation using gold nanoparticles. It acknowledges challenges like ensuring nanoparticles are biocompatible and non-toxic, but envisions that human clinical trials within the next few years could demonstrate how nanotechnology allows for safer and more targeted cancer treatment.
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Effects of Nano-Technology on Human Health in Textile Industry
1. Benefits and consequences of application of
nano-technology in textile industry in terms of its
impact on human health
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2. What’s NANOTECHNOLOGY ?
At the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI), NT is
defined as the understanding, manipulation, and control of
matter at the above-stated length, such that the physical,
chemical, and biological properties of the materials
(individual atoms, molecules, and bulk matter) can be
engineered, synthesized, and altered to develop the next
generation of improved materials, devices, structures, and
systems.
Nanotechnology (NT) deals with materials 1 to 100 nm in length.
3. Where can we use NT in textile ?
It has numerous applications in almostevery major
industry, including textiles. There is a considerable
potential for profitable applications of NT in cottonand
other textile industries. Its application can
economically extend the properties, performance, and
hence valuesof textile processing and products.
Improvements in Fiber/Yarn Manufacturing by using
Nanotechnology
Fabric Finishing by using Nanotechnology
4. Physical and Chemical Properties
NT at the molecular level can be used to develop desired textile characteristics,
such as high tensile strength, unique surface structure, soft hand, durability, water
repellency, fire retardancy, antimicrobial properties, and the like. Indeed, advances
in NT have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry,
including the cotton industry.
Finishing of fabrics made of natural and synthetic fibers to achieve desirable hand,
surface texture, color, and other special aesthetic and functional properties, has
been a primary focus in textile manufacturing.
5. Physical and Chemical Properties
Nanotechnology can provide highdurability for
fabrics, because nano-particles have a large
surface area-to-volume ratio and highsurface
energy, thus presenting better affinity for fabrics
and leading to an increase in durability of
thefunction. In addition, a coating of nano-
particles on fabrics will not affect their
breathability or handfeel.
8. HEALTH EFFECTS
It appears to be emerging that
during theproduction process of
certain nanoparticle soccupational
exposure can have negative
effectson the health. However there
is currentlyfar too little data from
laboratory and animal tests to be
able to conduct a comprehensive
risk assessment.
9. UV-PROTECTION
Inorganic UV blockers are more preferable
to organic UV blockers as they are non-toxic
and chemicallystable under exposure to
both high temperatures and UV. Inorganic
UV blockers are usually
certainsemiconductor oxides such as TiO2,
ZnO, SiO2 and Al2O3.
10. ANTI-BACTERIA
Nano-silver particles have an extremely large relative surface
area, thus increasing their contact withbacteria or fungi, and
vastly improving their bactericidal and fungicidal
effectiveness. Nano-silver isvery reactive with proteins. When
contacting bacteria and fungus, it will adversely affect
cellularmetabolism and inhibit cell growth. It also suppresses
respiration, the basal metabolism of the electrontransfer
system, and the transport of the substrate into the microbial
cell membrane. Furthermore, it inhibits the multiplication and
growth of those bacteria and fungi which cause infection,
odour, itchinessand sores. Hence, nano-silver particles are
widely applied to socks in order to prohibit the growth
ofbacteria.
12. DANGER OF HARM ?
The extent to which nanoparticles woven into textiles may or
may not be harmful to consumers’ health is as yet unknown.
The release of nanoparticles from textiles as a result of use,
aging,abrasion etc. Can not be ruled out. Nevertheless, suitable
studies are absent to clarify the exposure as well as the possible
hazard potential.
14. Toxic Potential of Nanomaterials
The increased surface area and small size of
nanomaterials could be responsible for
toxicological effects because of the increased
surface groups that may function as reactive
active sites. For example, some ENM
cangenerate reactive oxygen species (ROS),
and ROS generation can be proportional
tosurface area.
15. Toxicity of nanomaterials
Thomas Stegmaier, responsible for research and
development in technical textiles, notes that generalizing
statements of toxicity on nanomaterials may be
impossible because not all nanoparticles have the same
physical and chemical characteristics.
Stegmaier also notes that routes of nanoparticles
exposure, such as “inhalative, dermal, oral, overthe eye,”
should be considered to determine whichis “most
relevant” in terms of exposure risk.
Nanoparticles then can be transported to many areasof
the body through blood circulation.
16. Effects on human body
Some research says that nanoparticles are easily
absorbed through skin tissue. Once the nanoparticles on
a fabric are absorbed into a consumer’s skin, nothing
keeps them from going elsewhere in the body.
According to a recent review on neurotoxicity of silver,
most animal studies indicate that after silver exposure
silver was contained within the blood brain barrier but
did not pass it.
The benefits of nanoparticles have been shown in several
scientific fields, but little is known about their potential
to penetrate the skin.
17. Environmental Safety
If we accept that human beings are relatively safefrom
nanotechnology, does that mean everythingelse is?
The nanoparticles now used in nanofinishesfor textiles
include silicon dioxide, silver, and titaniumdioxide: these
substances are all already found innature on the
nanoscale. People are already exposed to these substances
on the nanoscale.
Volcano fumes, candle smoke,or any carbon-burning
substance, are all sources ofnanoparticles.
Although there may be low hazard from common
nanomaterials a risk assessment still needs information
about the exposure of workers or consumers these
nanomaterials.