Potential bio-accumulation of nanoscale particles.
- Nanoparticles may accumulate in organisms and biomagnify up the food chain due to their inability to degrade or be excreted. Many nanoparticles are not biodegradable and could accumulate in higher organisms that consume those lower in the food web. Very little is understood about possible health effects of nanoparticle exposure.
Potential health issues for nanotechnology include:
(1) Bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in organisms and potential toxicity;
(2) Unknown health effects of nanoparticle exposure through inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion which can cause tissue damage, liver damage, and granulomas;
(3) Difficulty controlling nanoparticle exposure through standard methods like respirators due to small particle size.
- Accumulation of nanoparticles in the body can occur due to lack of degradation or excretion, as many nanoparticles are not biodegradable. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure to nanoparticles can potentially cause health effects, though more research is needed.
- Inhalation of nanoparticles can deposit in the lungs and cause pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer over long periods. Ingestion may cause liver damage. Dermal penetration of some nanoparticles is possible but not well understood.
- Further research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes, and to determine exposure limits to prevent harmful effects. Various agencies are conducting studies on nanoparticle health risks.
Nano particles are extremely small particles that are now being used in many products including sunscreen. There is ongoing research about whether nano particles in sunscreen are safe. While nano particles help sunscreen go on clear rather than white, some studies show they may penetrate the skin and cause harm. Alternative natural nano particles from ivy are being researched as potentially safer options. Overall, the risks of nano particles in sunscreen are still being evaluated.
This document provides an overview of safe handling practices for nanomaterials. It defines engineered nanoparticles as particles less than 100nm designed and manufactured. Examples given include carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. The document notes that due to their small size, nanoparticles can more easily enter the body and cross barriers like the blood-brain barrier, posing unknown health risks. It recommends approaches like controlling exposures through ventilation, containment, and personal protective equipment. The key challenges are the lack of toxicity data and standardized exposure methods for nanomaterials.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology in textile finishing and innovation. It outlines several textile applications of nano technology including making materials water repellent, providing UV absorption and protection, improving durability and abrasion resistance, adding fire retardancy, enabling anti-microbial properties, and allowing controlled release of additives. The document also discusses using plasma treatment and microencapsulation technology to functionalize textiles by making them hydrophobic, antibacterial, or able to release fragrances over time.
NANO TECHNOLOGY IS THE FUTURE, THIS PRESENTATION IS ABOUT USE OF NANO TECHNO LOGY IN RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY. NANO TECHNOLOGY CAN BE USED IN SEVERAL MATERIALS,PROCEDURES.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Potential health issues for nanotechnology include:
(1) Bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in organisms and potential toxicity;
(2) Unknown health effects of nanoparticle exposure through inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion which can cause tissue damage, liver damage, and granulomas;
(3) Difficulty controlling nanoparticle exposure through standard methods like respirators due to small particle size.
- Accumulation of nanoparticles in the body can occur due to lack of degradation or excretion, as many nanoparticles are not biodegradable. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure to nanoparticles can potentially cause health effects, though more research is needed.
- Inhalation of nanoparticles can deposit in the lungs and cause pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer over long periods. Ingestion may cause liver damage. Dermal penetration of some nanoparticles is possible but not well understood.
- Further research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes, and to determine exposure limits to prevent harmful effects. Various agencies are conducting studies on nanoparticle health risks.
Nano particles are extremely small particles that are now being used in many products including sunscreen. There is ongoing research about whether nano particles in sunscreen are safe. While nano particles help sunscreen go on clear rather than white, some studies show they may penetrate the skin and cause harm. Alternative natural nano particles from ivy are being researched as potentially safer options. Overall, the risks of nano particles in sunscreen are still being evaluated.
This document provides an overview of safe handling practices for nanomaterials. It defines engineered nanoparticles as particles less than 100nm designed and manufactured. Examples given include carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. The document notes that due to their small size, nanoparticles can more easily enter the body and cross barriers like the blood-brain barrier, posing unknown health risks. It recommends approaches like controlling exposures through ventilation, containment, and personal protective equipment. The key challenges are the lack of toxicity data and standardized exposure methods for nanomaterials.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology in textile finishing and innovation. It outlines several textile applications of nano technology including making materials water repellent, providing UV absorption and protection, improving durability and abrasion resistance, adding fire retardancy, enabling anti-microbial properties, and allowing controlled release of additives. The document also discusses using plasma treatment and microencapsulation technology to functionalize textiles by making them hydrophobic, antibacterial, or able to release fragrances over time.
NANO TECHNOLOGY IS THE FUTURE, THIS PRESENTATION IS ABOUT USE OF NANO TECHNO LOGY IN RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY. NANO TECHNOLOGY CAN BE USED IN SEVERAL MATERIALS,PROCEDURES.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the history and current state of nanotechnology and its potential applications in dentistry, known as nanodentistry. It describes how nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the molecular level using techniques like nanofabrication and molecular assembly. In nanodentistry, these approaches could enable localized anesthesia through nanorobots, precise tooth repair, and cosmetic enhancements through nanomaterials. The document outlines several specific ways nanotechnology may revolutionize areas like local anesthesia delivery, tooth repair, hypersensitivity treatment, and diagnostic and therapeutic applications to improve dental and oral health.
Nanotechnology has many potential applications in aquaculture including DNA nano-vaccines, gene delivery, smart drug delivery, growth enhancement of fish, tagging and nano-barcoding, water filtration and remediation, aquatic environment management devices, and improved harvest and post-harvest technologies. Some risks of nanotechnology include nanoparticles not being biodegradable and accumulating in organs, certain nanoparticles being combustible or carcinogenic. Overall, nanotechnology shows promise to revolutionize aquaculture but further research is still needed into its risks.
The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins by defining nanotechnology and noting its introduction in 1959. It then outlines five key applications: 1) Nanocomposites which can improve dental fillings, 2) Orthodontics where coatings can reduce friction, 3) Treating hypersensitivity using gold nanoparticles, 4) Advanced digital imaging techniques, 5) New methods for local anesthesia administration using nanoparticles. The document concludes by citing references for further information on nanotechnology's potential in the dental field.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins with defining nanotechnology as the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, which is 1 to 100 nanometers. The document then discusses various techniques used in nanotechnology, such as top-down and bottom-up approaches. It provides examples of how nanotechnology can be applied in dentistry, including use of nanomaterials for fillings, impression materials, and targeted drug delivery for periodontal diseases. The document concludes that nanotechnology has potential to improve dental care but also social issues around safety and regulation need to be addressed.
This presentation includes the information's about nano materials, their toxicity, types, causes of toxicity, mode of entry, toxic effects, different substances of nano materials and their toxicity.
“Bringing Nanodentistry into Periodontics”- Guest lecture as a part of Dr NTRUHS Zonal CDE programme at Army College of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India on 1/8/2013.
This document discusses the role of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins with definitions of nanotechnology and describes some of the early history and development of the field. Key techniques in nanotechnology include top-down and bottom-up approaches. The document outlines several applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including nanomaterials, nanorobotics, nanodiagnostics, and others. It provides examples of how various nanomaterials and structures like nanoparticles, nanotubes, and quantum dots are being used and developed for applications in areas like restorations, coatings, bone grafts and more. In conclusion, the document discusses the potential for nanotechnology to transform dental care and treatment through highly precise manipulation and engineering at the nanoscale level
The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nets, and wraps can be used to alter fabric properties at the molecular level. Nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can inject properties like absorbency into synthetic fibers. Nano wraps enhance fabric strength, durability, and colorfastness after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like clay, zinc oxide, and silver are also discussed and their functions outlined, such as providing flame retardancy, UV protection, and antimicrobial properties. The document concludes by noting characteristics of nano-finished garments such as protection, reduced care needs, and enhanced comfort and durability.
This document reviews nanotoxicology and the toxicity of nanomaterials. It defines nanomaterials and nanotoxicology, and discusses the subdisciplines of toxicology. Nanotoxicology studies the toxicity of nanomaterials, which exhibit unique properties and potential health effects compared to larger materials due to their nanoscale size and large surface area. Some reasons for nanoparticle toxicity include increased reactivity due to quantum effects and adherence to tissues. The document discusses experiments showing carbon nanomaterials impairing mobility and causing death in fruit flies, as well as spreading between flies. It notes both inorganic and organic nanoparticles can have toxic effects and emphasizes the need for further research to develop nanomaterials with minimal adverse impacts.
This document discusses the emerging field of nanotechnology in prosthodontics. It begins by defining nanotechnology and nanomedicine. The history and various approaches to manufacturing nanomaterials are then outlined. The document focuses on potential applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including uses in local anesthesia, tooth repair and regeneration, treating hypersensitivity, improving dental materials and cosmetics, and developing nanorobotic tools like dentifrobots. Benefits of these nanotechnology applications include more effective and painless anesthesia, repairing teeth without extractions, permanently sealing dentin tubules to cure sensitivity, and using nanorobots to remove plaque and prevent tooth decay.
Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties at the nanoscale level compared to their macroscale counterparts. They can be synthesized into various shapes and structures, including nanoflowers, nanotrees, nanobouquets, nanocups, nanorings, nanosunflowers, and nanottedybears. These nanomaterials are characterized using techniques like scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction methods to understand their structure, composition, and properties. Their small size leads to increased surface area and novel optical, magnetic, and electrical behavior with applications in fields such as catalysis, electronics, and optics.
APPLICATIONS OF NANO AND BIOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES Praveen Rams
This document provides an overview of applications of nanotechnology and biotechnology in textiles. It discusses how nanotechnology involves engineering on an atomic scale to create small, cheap devices using less raw materials. Nanoparticles between 1-100 nm can be used in textile fibers, yarns, and coatings. Biotechnology uses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies that improve fiber durability. It can be used to genetically modify microorganisms, replace harsh chemicals with enzymes in processing, and develop diagnostic tools and waste management solutions for the textile industry. Both nanotechnology and biotechnology can enhance natural fibers like cotton and wool.
As with all materials, if you work with nanoparticles a few minutes of thought about safety will help you avoid problems later. Dr. Dominick Fazarro of the University of Texas at Tyler discusses nanoparticle safety. This talk provides a reasonable discussion of the potential hazards of nanoparticles and steps that can be taken to reduce these hazards.
This talk is useful for those who work with nanoparticles or manage a facility that handles nanoparticles.
This document discusses bio-inspired approaches for creating complex superstructures. It begins by introducing bio-inspired design and how biological materials exhibit multifunctional integration at multiple scales. Examples are given of specific biological materials like lotus leaves, rice leaves, butterfly wings, spider silks, and moth eyes that inspire structures for properties like superhydrophobicity, iridescence, mechanical strength, and anti-reflectiveness. The document then covers typical materials and approaches used to create bio-inspired superstructures, such as self-assembly techniques and composite materials. It concludes by noting opportunities to further understand and apply multiscale design principles from nature.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in periodontics. It begins with background on nanotechnology and describes various nanoparticles and how nanoproducts are made. It then discusses the properties of nanomaterials and how they are used for drug delivery, tissue engineering, biofilm studies, tooth repair, dental implants, and bone replacement. The document concludes by describing hypothetical nanorobots that could one day be used to treat periodontal disease at the molecular level through precise, targeted actions guided by external monitoring.
Here I would like to explain you on bio pesticides and their disadvantages and their alternative way of utilization like controlled release formulations and also role of nanotechnology in the bio pesticides longevity in the environment. I hope it would increase your understanding on the concepts .......................................................
This document provides an overview of nanotechnology and its applications in dentistry. It discusses the history and techniques of nanotechnology, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It then describes several current and potential future applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including nanomaterials, nanorobotics for localized anesthesia and biomimetic tooth reconstruction, nanodiagnostics, and nanomaterials for improved dental materials and periodontal drug delivery. The document concludes that nanotechnology holds great promise for advancing dental treatment.
Nanotechnology has applications in dentistry including for local anesthesia and preventing tooth decay. One study used magnet-directed nanoparticles containing a local anesthetic drug to numb ankle nerves in rats. Researchers are also investigating using iron-containing nanoparticles to catalyze hydrogen peroxide to break up dental plaque bacteria and prevent cavities. A new smart material is being designed to fill cavities with drug-loaded silica nanoparticles that self-assemble and provide a long-lasting antimicrobial effect to stop bacteria and prevent recurrent decay.
Nano technology in textiles. seminar. pptxBademaw Abate
The application of nanotechnology in textiles is growing so fast. The main difference b/n nano finishing and conventional finishing is durability, comfort and breath-ability enhancement in nano finishes.
The document discusses various sources of nanoparticle exposure and their potential health effects. It addresses nanoparticles from diesel exhaust, indoor air pollution from activities like cooking, cigarette smoke, demolition sites, and engineered nanoparticles used in consumer products. Some key points include:
- Diesel exhaust nanoparticles can increase cardiovascular risk and lung cancer risk.
- Indoor activities are a major source of indoor air pollution and nanoparticle exposure.
- Cigarette smoke contains nanoparticles that increase cancer and respiratory disease risk.
- Demolition sites release asbestos and other toxic nanoparticles that can cause respiratory symptoms.
- Engineered nanoparticles are used in cosmetics, clothing, and other products but their health effects after exposure are still being studied.
The document discusses potential health and safety issues related to nanoparticles. It notes that nanoparticles may accumulate in the body since many are not biodegradable, and their health effects are not well understood. Nanoparticles can be hazardous if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin contact. Inhalation of nanoparticles can cause lung inflammation and damage. Ingestion may lead to liver damage. Dermal exposure is also a concern since nanoparticles may penetrate skin. More research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes and on organs like the liver and kidneys. Various studies and agencies are working to evaluate potential nanoparticle health risks.
Risk in the use of silver nanoparticles on humainPierre Basmaji
This document summarizes the risks associated with nanosilver toxicity and its effects on human health. It discusses how nanosilver is being used in many consumer products due to its antibacterial properties but that its small size and large surface area may increase its toxicity compared to bulk silver. The document outlines several potential health effects from nanosilver exposure including argyria (permanent skin discoloration), respiratory issues, gastrointestinal problems, kidney and liver damage, and cellular damage. It concludes that more research is needed to fully characterize nanosilver's health risks to humans.
The document discusses the history and current state of nanotechnology and its potential applications in dentistry, known as nanodentistry. It describes how nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the molecular level using techniques like nanofabrication and molecular assembly. In nanodentistry, these approaches could enable localized anesthesia through nanorobots, precise tooth repair, and cosmetic enhancements through nanomaterials. The document outlines several specific ways nanotechnology may revolutionize areas like local anesthesia delivery, tooth repair, hypersensitivity treatment, and diagnostic and therapeutic applications to improve dental and oral health.
Nanotechnology has many potential applications in aquaculture including DNA nano-vaccines, gene delivery, smart drug delivery, growth enhancement of fish, tagging and nano-barcoding, water filtration and remediation, aquatic environment management devices, and improved harvest and post-harvest technologies. Some risks of nanotechnology include nanoparticles not being biodegradable and accumulating in organs, certain nanoparticles being combustible or carcinogenic. Overall, nanotechnology shows promise to revolutionize aquaculture but further research is still needed into its risks.
The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins by defining nanotechnology and noting its introduction in 1959. It then outlines five key applications: 1) Nanocomposites which can improve dental fillings, 2) Orthodontics where coatings can reduce friction, 3) Treating hypersensitivity using gold nanoparticles, 4) Advanced digital imaging techniques, 5) New methods for local anesthesia administration using nanoparticles. The document concludes by citing references for further information on nanotechnology's potential in the dental field.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins with defining nanotechnology as the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, which is 1 to 100 nanometers. The document then discusses various techniques used in nanotechnology, such as top-down and bottom-up approaches. It provides examples of how nanotechnology can be applied in dentistry, including use of nanomaterials for fillings, impression materials, and targeted drug delivery for periodontal diseases. The document concludes that nanotechnology has potential to improve dental care but also social issues around safety and regulation need to be addressed.
This presentation includes the information's about nano materials, their toxicity, types, causes of toxicity, mode of entry, toxic effects, different substances of nano materials and their toxicity.
“Bringing Nanodentistry into Periodontics”- Guest lecture as a part of Dr NTRUHS Zonal CDE programme at Army College of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India on 1/8/2013.
This document discusses the role of nanotechnology in dentistry. It begins with definitions of nanotechnology and describes some of the early history and development of the field. Key techniques in nanotechnology include top-down and bottom-up approaches. The document outlines several applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including nanomaterials, nanorobotics, nanodiagnostics, and others. It provides examples of how various nanomaterials and structures like nanoparticles, nanotubes, and quantum dots are being used and developed for applications in areas like restorations, coatings, bone grafts and more. In conclusion, the document discusses the potential for nanotechnology to transform dental care and treatment through highly precise manipulation and engineering at the nanoscale level
The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in textiles. It describes how nanoparticles like nano whiskers, nets, and wraps can be used to alter fabric properties at the molecular level. Nano whiskers can make fabrics water and stain resistant while remaining breathable. Nano nets can inject properties like absorbency into synthetic fibers. Nano wraps enhance fabric strength, durability, and colorfastness after repeated washing. Specific nanoparticles like clay, zinc oxide, and silver are also discussed and their functions outlined, such as providing flame retardancy, UV protection, and antimicrobial properties. The document concludes by noting characteristics of nano-finished garments such as protection, reduced care needs, and enhanced comfort and durability.
This document reviews nanotoxicology and the toxicity of nanomaterials. It defines nanomaterials and nanotoxicology, and discusses the subdisciplines of toxicology. Nanotoxicology studies the toxicity of nanomaterials, which exhibit unique properties and potential health effects compared to larger materials due to their nanoscale size and large surface area. Some reasons for nanoparticle toxicity include increased reactivity due to quantum effects and adherence to tissues. The document discusses experiments showing carbon nanomaterials impairing mobility and causing death in fruit flies, as well as spreading between flies. It notes both inorganic and organic nanoparticles can have toxic effects and emphasizes the need for further research to develop nanomaterials with minimal adverse impacts.
This document discusses the emerging field of nanotechnology in prosthodontics. It begins by defining nanotechnology and nanomedicine. The history and various approaches to manufacturing nanomaterials are then outlined. The document focuses on potential applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including uses in local anesthesia, tooth repair and regeneration, treating hypersensitivity, improving dental materials and cosmetics, and developing nanorobotic tools like dentifrobots. Benefits of these nanotechnology applications include more effective and painless anesthesia, repairing teeth without extractions, permanently sealing dentin tubules to cure sensitivity, and using nanorobots to remove plaque and prevent tooth decay.
Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties at the nanoscale level compared to their macroscale counterparts. They can be synthesized into various shapes and structures, including nanoflowers, nanotrees, nanobouquets, nanocups, nanorings, nanosunflowers, and nanottedybears. These nanomaterials are characterized using techniques like scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction methods to understand their structure, composition, and properties. Their small size leads to increased surface area and novel optical, magnetic, and electrical behavior with applications in fields such as catalysis, electronics, and optics.
APPLICATIONS OF NANO AND BIOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES Praveen Rams
This document provides an overview of applications of nanotechnology and biotechnology in textiles. It discusses how nanotechnology involves engineering on an atomic scale to create small, cheap devices using less raw materials. Nanoparticles between 1-100 nm can be used in textile fibers, yarns, and coatings. Biotechnology uses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies that improve fiber durability. It can be used to genetically modify microorganisms, replace harsh chemicals with enzymes in processing, and develop diagnostic tools and waste management solutions for the textile industry. Both nanotechnology and biotechnology can enhance natural fibers like cotton and wool.
As with all materials, if you work with nanoparticles a few minutes of thought about safety will help you avoid problems later. Dr. Dominick Fazarro of the University of Texas at Tyler discusses nanoparticle safety. This talk provides a reasonable discussion of the potential hazards of nanoparticles and steps that can be taken to reduce these hazards.
This talk is useful for those who work with nanoparticles or manage a facility that handles nanoparticles.
This document discusses bio-inspired approaches for creating complex superstructures. It begins by introducing bio-inspired design and how biological materials exhibit multifunctional integration at multiple scales. Examples are given of specific biological materials like lotus leaves, rice leaves, butterfly wings, spider silks, and moth eyes that inspire structures for properties like superhydrophobicity, iridescence, mechanical strength, and anti-reflectiveness. The document then covers typical materials and approaches used to create bio-inspired superstructures, such as self-assembly techniques and composite materials. It concludes by noting opportunities to further understand and apply multiscale design principles from nature.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in periodontics. It begins with background on nanotechnology and describes various nanoparticles and how nanoproducts are made. It then discusses the properties of nanomaterials and how they are used for drug delivery, tissue engineering, biofilm studies, tooth repair, dental implants, and bone replacement. The document concludes by describing hypothetical nanorobots that could one day be used to treat periodontal disease at the molecular level through precise, targeted actions guided by external monitoring.
Here I would like to explain you on bio pesticides and their disadvantages and their alternative way of utilization like controlled release formulations and also role of nanotechnology in the bio pesticides longevity in the environment. I hope it would increase your understanding on the concepts .......................................................
This document provides an overview of nanotechnology and its applications in dentistry. It discusses the history and techniques of nanotechnology, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It then describes several current and potential future applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, including nanomaterials, nanorobotics for localized anesthesia and biomimetic tooth reconstruction, nanodiagnostics, and nanomaterials for improved dental materials and periodontal drug delivery. The document concludes that nanotechnology holds great promise for advancing dental treatment.
Nanotechnology has applications in dentistry including for local anesthesia and preventing tooth decay. One study used magnet-directed nanoparticles containing a local anesthetic drug to numb ankle nerves in rats. Researchers are also investigating using iron-containing nanoparticles to catalyze hydrogen peroxide to break up dental plaque bacteria and prevent cavities. A new smart material is being designed to fill cavities with drug-loaded silica nanoparticles that self-assemble and provide a long-lasting antimicrobial effect to stop bacteria and prevent recurrent decay.
Nano technology in textiles. seminar. pptxBademaw Abate
The application of nanotechnology in textiles is growing so fast. The main difference b/n nano finishing and conventional finishing is durability, comfort and breath-ability enhancement in nano finishes.
The document discusses various sources of nanoparticle exposure and their potential health effects. It addresses nanoparticles from diesel exhaust, indoor air pollution from activities like cooking, cigarette smoke, demolition sites, and engineered nanoparticles used in consumer products. Some key points include:
- Diesel exhaust nanoparticles can increase cardiovascular risk and lung cancer risk.
- Indoor activities are a major source of indoor air pollution and nanoparticle exposure.
- Cigarette smoke contains nanoparticles that increase cancer and respiratory disease risk.
- Demolition sites release asbestos and other toxic nanoparticles that can cause respiratory symptoms.
- Engineered nanoparticles are used in cosmetics, clothing, and other products but their health effects after exposure are still being studied.
The document discusses potential health and safety issues related to nanoparticles. It notes that nanoparticles may accumulate in the body since many are not biodegradable, and their health effects are not well understood. Nanoparticles can be hazardous if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin contact. Inhalation of nanoparticles can cause lung inflammation and damage. Ingestion may lead to liver damage. Dermal exposure is also a concern since nanoparticles may penetrate skin. More research is needed to understand health impacts through different exposure routes and on organs like the liver and kidneys. Various studies and agencies are working to evaluate potential nanoparticle health risks.
Risk in the use of silver nanoparticles on humainPierre Basmaji
This document summarizes the risks associated with nanosilver toxicity and its effects on human health. It discusses how nanosilver is being used in many consumer products due to its antibacterial properties but that its small size and large surface area may increase its toxicity compared to bulk silver. The document outlines several potential health effects from nanosilver exposure including argyria (permanent skin discoloration), respiratory issues, gastrointestinal problems, kidney and liver damage, and cellular damage. It concludes that more research is needed to fully characterize nanosilver's health risks to humans.
This document discusses the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles. It begins with an introduction to nanoparticles and their size-dependent properties. It then reviews literature on the various applications of nanoparticles in biomedical, environmental, and industrial fields. Specifically, it discusses how ZnO nanoparticles have shown antibacterial effects against various microorganisms. The document concludes by outlining several references used in the literature review.
The document discusses issues related to safety, health, and environmental (SH&E) management of nanotechnology. It provides an overview of nanotechnology and nanoparticles, potential health risks from exposure, challenges in exposure monitoring and control, and considerations for best practices. Regulatory frameworks are still developing as knowledge of nanomaterial properties and toxicity is limited. More research is needed to better understand and manage potential risks.
This document discusses the risks of nanotechnology related to soil, air and water pollution. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding the nature and characteristics of nanoparticles, the manufacturing processes used and their byproducts, and how nanoparticles may behave in the environment. It then discusses some examples of consumer products containing nanoparticles and potential health issues if nanoparticles are inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Environmental groups are concerned about a lack of research on nanoparticle impacts and the need for regulation and oversight of nanotechnology. In conclusion, while nanotechnology has potential benefits, new risk assessment and regulatory approaches may be needed to understand and mitigate potential negative environmental and health impacts.
Nanotechnology deals with manipulating and controlling matter at the nanoscale, generally from 1 to 100 nanometers. It can be used to develop new materials, devices, and systems with applications in medicine, electronics, energy, and more. Some key applications of nanotechnology include using nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment, developing stronger and lighter nanocomposite materials, improving solar cells and batteries, and enabling new detection and filtration systems. While nanotechnology holds promise, research is still needed to fully understand potential health and environmental risks from nanoparticles.
The document summarizes key topics related to nanosafety in a nanomaterials and nanotechnology course taught by Dr. XA Sun. It discusses potential hazards of nanomaterials, important considerations for nanosafety including proper personal protective equipment, engineering controls, and safe handling practices. It also notes challenges in characterizing nanomaterials and a lack of standards and regulations. The document emphasizes the need for more research on nanosafety and collaboration between researchers and environmental health and safety experts to develop effective safety protocols and practices.
In recent years, nanoparticles that have size of 1-100 nm is widely used for textile, pharmacy,
cosmetic and treatment of industrial wastewater. Producing and using of nanoparticles widely, causes
important accumulation in nature and toxicity on ecosystem. Knowledge of potential toxicity of nanoparticles is
limited. In this study, six different nanoparticles nano-zinc oxide, nano-silicon dioxide, nano-cerium oxide,
nano-aluminum oxide, nano-hafnium oxide, and nano-tantalum oxide which used commonly, were studied to
investigate toxic impacts on organisms. We studied nine different acute toxicity test (bacteria – Escherichia coli
(gram negative bacteria) ; bacteria – Bacillus cereus (gram positive bacteria) ; bacteria – Vibrio fischeri
(bioluminescences bacteria) ; methane Archae Bacteria ; yeast – Candida albicans ; mold – Aspergillus niger ;
algae – Chlorella sp. ; Crustacea – Daphnia magna ; lepistes - Poecillia reticula) for the effect of
nanoparticles to different trophic levels. In general, the most toxic nanoparticle is nano-zinc oxide and the least
toxic nanoparticle is nano-hafnium oxide. Among the used organisms in acute toxicity test; the most sensitive
organism is algae - Chlorella sp ;the most resistant organism is fish- Poecillia reticula.
Nanotechnology involves studying and manipulating matter at the nanoscale, between 1-100 nanometers. At this scale, materials exhibit different physical and chemical properties than at larger scales due to factors like high density and changes in how properties scale with dimension. Researchers are working to develop new materials and technologies by controlling composition, size, and shape at the nanoscale. Some potential applications of nanotechnology include stain-resistant clothing, self-cleaning paint, more efficient solar cells, smaller computing devices, earlier disease detection, and nerve tissue interfacing with computers. Cancer therapies also utilize nanoparticles for localized heating or drug delivery to tumors.
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis and treatment. It begins with an overview of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. It then discusses how cancer forms and the various factors that can cause cancer like chemicals, radiation, viruses and lifestyle. The document outlines how nanotechnology can be used to more effectively deliver drugs, detect cancer at an early stage, and treat cancer through approaches like photothermal ablation using gold nanoparticles. It acknowledges challenges like ensuring nanoparticles are biocompatible and non-toxic, but envisions that human clinical trials within the next few years could demonstrate how nanotechnology allows for safer and more targeted cancer treatment.
Nanotechnology is a field that deals with things at molecular level that is as tiny as 10^(-9) of units and finds very useful implementations from cleaning clothes to curing the "incurable"--CANCER.
Günter Oberdorster_How to assess the risks of nanotechnology?Ne3LS_Network
The document summarizes a presentation on assessing the risks of nanotechnology. The presentation covered characteristics of nanoparticles that influence toxicity, dosing in the respiratory tract, biokinetics, and protein interactions. It also discussed challenges in hazard/risk characterization including determining appropriate testing strategies, accounting for acute vs chronic effects, dosimetry issues, and extrapolating risks from animals to humans. The presentation highlighted differences between nanoparticles and larger particles in terms of deposition in the respiratory tract, translocation to organs, and cellular effects.
The document discusses the implications of occupational exposure to engineered nanoscale particulate matter. It notes that nanoparticles have properties that may lead to novel toxicity compared to bulk materials. While some nanoparticles have been produced commercially for decades, there is limited understanding of their health effects and no accepted workplace exposure limits or medical surveillance protocols. A prudent preventive approach is recommended that treats all engineered nanoparticles as potentially toxic and implements engineering and administrative controls, monitoring, and health screening to prevent injury and enable early detection of any illness.
The document discusses nanotechnology safety and risks. It notes an increase in consumer products with nanoclaims and evaluates risks. Some key issues are the unique properties of nanomaterials that can increase reactivity, difficulties in safety evaluation due to multiple crystal forms and dispersion problems, and dependence of toxicity on dose metrics. Risk assessment is outlined as the process used to evaluate safety, but challenges remain around various types of nanofibers and establishing definitive cause-and-effect relationships for adverse health effects.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The document summarizes a presentation on the use of nanoparticles in plant disease management. It discusses how nanotechnology can provide green alternatives to chemical fungicides by encapsulating active ingredients to protect them from environmental factors. The presentation covers the history and definitions of nanotechnology, properties of nanoparticles, approaches to nanoparticle production, applications in agriculture including disease detection and smart delivery systems, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of nanotechnology.
Esiti esame Bioch Siste Umana del 23.01.2017.
Chi volesse rifiutare il voto: scrivere una mail a francesca.re1@unimib.it entro venedì sera. poi i voti saranno registrati senza possibilità di cambiamenti.
Esito esame Biochimica Sist Umana del 13 dicembre 2016.
SOLO chi RIFIUTA il voto: scrivetemi una mail entro domani alle 12. POI i voti saranno registrati.
Proposte stage 2016-2017. In verde: studenti e relativi periodi GIA' ASSEGNATI.
In giallo: studenti e periodi disponibili ANCORA DA CONFERMARE.
I gialli dovrebbero farmi sapere (VIA MAIL) la loro decisione al più presto per eventuale liberazione di posti. grazie.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Letter and Document Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Sol...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on automated letter generation for Bonterra Impact Management using Google Workspace or Microsoft 365.
Interested in deploying letter generation automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Dive into the realm of operating systems (OS) with Pravash Chandra Das, a seasoned Digital Forensic Analyst, as your guide. 🚀 This comprehensive presentation illuminates the core concepts, types, and evolution of OS, essential for understanding modern computing landscapes.
Beginning with the foundational definition, Das clarifies the pivotal role of OS as system software orchestrating hardware resources, software applications, and user interactions. Through succinct descriptions, he delineates the diverse types of OS, from single-user, single-task environments like early MS-DOS iterations, to multi-user, multi-tasking systems exemplified by modern Linux distributions.
Crucial components like the kernel and shell are dissected, highlighting their indispensable functions in resource management and user interface interaction. Das elucidates how the kernel acts as the central nervous system, orchestrating process scheduling, memory allocation, and device management. Meanwhile, the shell serves as the gateway for user commands, bridging the gap between human input and machine execution. 💻
The narrative then shifts to a captivating exploration of prominent desktop OSs, Windows, macOS, and Linux. Windows, with its globally ubiquitous presence and user-friendly interface, emerges as a cornerstone in personal computing history. macOS, lauded for its sleek design and seamless integration with Apple's ecosystem, stands as a beacon of stability and creativity. Linux, an open-source marvel, offers unparalleled flexibility and security, revolutionizing the computing landscape. 🖥️
Moving to the realm of mobile devices, Das unravels the dominance of Android and iOS. Android's open-source ethos fosters a vibrant ecosystem of customization and innovation, while iOS boasts a seamless user experience and robust security infrastructure. Meanwhile, discontinued platforms like Symbian and Palm OS evoke nostalgia for their pioneering roles in the smartphone revolution.
The journey concludes with a reflection on the ever-evolving landscape of OS, underscored by the emergence of real-time operating systems (RTOS) and the persistent quest for innovation and efficiency. As technology continues to shape our world, understanding the foundations and evolution of operating systems remains paramount. Join Pravash Chandra Das on this illuminating journey through the heart of computing. 🌟
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdf
9 safety
1. Potential bio-accumulation of nanoscale particles.
•
Accumulation of a substance within a species can occur due to lack of
degradation or excretion.
•
Many nanoparticles are not biodegradable.
•
If nanoparticles enter organisms low in the food web, they may be
expected to accumulate in organisms higher in the food web.
Very little is understood about possible health
effects of nanoparticle exposure
3. Definitions- Particle Size
• Nano = Ultrafine = < 100 nm (Conventional)
• Nano = <10 nm (suggested by unique quantum and surfacespecific functions)
• Fine = 100 nm - 3 m
• Respirable (rat) = < 3 m (max = 5 m)
• Respirable (human) = < 5 m (max = 10 m)
• Inhalable (human) = ~ 10 - 50 m
4.
5. Potential human hazards for nanoscale particulates.
Inhalation: Inhaled particles induce
inflammation in respiratory tract,
causing tissue damage. Example:
Inhalation of silica particles in
industrial workers causes “silicosis”.
Dermal exposure: Particles may enter
body through the skin. Potential
hazards are unknown at present.
Ingestion: nanoparticles may cause liver
damage. Ingested nanoparticles (i.e. for
oral drug delivery) have been found to
accumulate in the liver. Excessive
immune/inflammatory responses cause
permanent liver damage.
Other: ocular, ….
8. Possible Health Effects
Inhalation
Pulmonary inflammatory reaction
– Persistent inflammation is likely to lead to diseases such as
fibrosis and cancer. Thus it is important to control
inflammation. This can be done if we can:
- (i) determine the critical dose of particles that initiates
inflammation and
- (ii) set exposure limits, according to the relevant metric, so that
such a dose cannot be reached within a lifetime exposure
scenario.
10. Wahrheit (Dupont), January 2004.
Optical micrograph of lung tissue from a rat exposed to singlewall carbon nanotubes (1 mg/kg) 1 week post exposure. Note
the early development of lesions surrounding the instilled
SWCNT (arrows) and the nonuniform, diffuse pattern of
single-wall carbon nanotube particulate deposition in the lung
(X 100).
Low-magnification micrograph of lung tissue from a rat
exposed to single-wall carbon nanotubes (1 mg/kg) at 1 month
postinstillation. Note the diffuse pattern of granulomatous
lesions (arrows). It was interesting to note that few lesions
existed in some lobes while other lobes contain several
granulomatous lesions—and this was likely due to the
nonuniform deposition pattern following carbon nanotube
instillation. Magnification X 20.
Higher magnification optical micrograph of lung tissue from
a rat exposed to single-wall carbon nanotubes (1 mg/kg) at 1
month postinstillation exposure. Note the discrete, multifocal
mononuclear granuloma centered around the carbon
nanotube material (arrows). Magnification X 400.
D. B. Wahrheit et. al. Toxilogical Sciences 77, 117-125 (2004)
11.
12. Concerns about granulomas and fibers.
Granulomas (miscropic nodules), consisting of particles, live and
dead cells, and debris and could impair cellular and physiological
(gas exchange) lung functions and give rise to fibrosis, more
defined nodules, and other lesions.
Fibers are generally of more health hazard than other forms of
particulates. It is well established that the pathogenicity of a
fiber in the lungs directly correlates with its
biopersistency(Oberdorster 2000).
NTs are totally insoluble and probably one of the most
biologically nondegradable man-made materials.Determining how
the NT-induced granulomas progress would require a longerduration study with this biopersistent material.
13. Observations and tentative conclusions.
• Granulomas were observed in lungs 7 d or 90 d after an instillation
of 0.5 mg NT per mouse (also in some with 0.1 mg);
• NT, regardless synthetic methods, types and amounts of residual
catalytic metals, produced granulomas;
• Lung lesions in the 90-d NT groups, in most cases, more pronounced
than those in the 7-d groups.
• Our study shows that, on an equal-weight basis, if carbon nanotubes
reach the lungs, they are much more toxic than carbon black and can
be more toxic than quartz, which is considered a serious occupational
health hazard in chronic inhalation exposures.
• If fine NT dusts are present in a work environment, exposure
protection strategies should be implemented to minimize human
exposures.
14. Control of Nanoparticles
Exposure by inhalation
- Filtering respirators or air supplied
respirators may be used as a last
option to control exposure to
nanoparticles.
- Probably the efficiency will be high for
all but the smallest nanoparticles (less
than 2 nanometers).
- The respirator must fit properly to
prevent leakage.
The white powder around the
nostrils shows that this mask
did not have a tight fit.
15. Possible Health Effects
Ingestion
Nanoparticles can be swallowed and therefore available for transfer to other
body organs via the gastro-intestinal compartment.
There is also some evidence that smaller particles can be transferred more
readily than their larger counterparts across the intestinal wall (Behrens et al;
2002).
Little is currently known about the health effects of nanoparticles on the liver
and kidneys as well as the correct metric for describing the nanoparticle dose
in these organs.
Another area which merits further research is the transfer of nanoparticles
across the placenta barrier. Exposure to nanoparticles during the critical
window of fetal development may lead to developmental damage in the
offspring.
16. Control of Nanoparticles
Ingestion exposure
- Occurs from hand-to-mouth contact
- Control by using gloves when handling
nanoparticle products
- Hand washing before eating, drinking
or smoking is also important
17. Possible Health Effects
Dermal exposure
• Harmful effects arising from skin exposure may either occur locally within
the skin or alternatively the substance may be absorbed through the skin
and disseminated via the bloodstream, possibly causing systemic effects.
• Dermal absorption of ultrafine particles (nanoparticles) has not been well
investigated and suggested that ultrafine particles may penetrate into hair
follicles where constituents of the particles could dissolve in the aqueous
conditions and enter the skin. Direct penetration of the skin has been
reported by Tinkle et al (2003) for particles with a diameter of 1000 nm,
much larger than nanoparticles.
• It is reasonable to postulate that nanoparticles are more likely to
penetrate, but this has not yet been demonstrated. Several
pharmaceutical companies are believed to be working on dermal
penetration of nanoparticles as a drug delivery route.
18. Control of Nanoparticles
Skin Exposure
• Skin penetration may occur
mainly in the later stages of
the process, recovery or
surface contamination.
• Some evidence shows that
nanoparticles penetrate into
the inner layers of the skin and
possibly beyond, into the
blood circulation.
19. Environmental Fate/Transport and Environmental Toxicity
Examples of specific effects
investigated
Nanomaterials Tested
Aquatic fate
Impact on water migration through
soil, chemical behavior in
estuarine systems, fate in potable
water, uptake by aquatic organisms
alumina, magnetite, nanofibers, silicon
carbide, silicon dioxide (SiO2), single walled
nanotubes (SWNT), titanium dioxide (TiO2),
zinc oxide (ZnO)
Environmental
toxicity
Microbial biomass, organic carbon
assimilation rates, deposit
feeding, uptake, estuarine
invertebrates, toxicity in drinking
water, fish, frogs, bacteria, fungi,
daphnia, algae
cadmium celenide (CdSe), cupric oxide
(CuO), iron oxide (Fe2O3), molybdenum
disulfide (MoS2), nanofibers, quantum dots,
silicon dioxide (SiO2), single walled
nanotubes (SWNT), titanium dioxide (TiO2),
zinc oxide (ZnO)
Fate in air
Emission minimization, sampling
and analysis, nucleation rate
fullerenes, silicon dioxide (SiO2), single
walled nanotubes (SWNT) sulphuric acid
(H2SO4)
Fate in
soils/sediment
Desorption and release from
nanoparticle surfaces, disposition
of contaminants,
aluminum oxide (Al2O3), cadmium celenide
(CdSe), hyroxylated fullerenes, magnetite
Cross media
fate/Transport
Effects of oxygen, chlorine, UV
light
carbon nanofibers, fullerenes, titanium
dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO)
Study focus
20. Health Effects: Many questions, not many answers.
• In what ways might employees be
exposed to nanomaterials in
manufacture and use?
• In what ways might nanomaterials
enter the body during those
exposures?
• Once in the body, where would the
nanomaterials travel, and how would
they interact physiologically and
chemically with the body’s systems?
• Will those interactions be harmless, or
could they cause acute or chronic
adverse effects?
• What are appropriate methods for
measuring and controlling exposures to
nanometer-diameter particles and
nanomaterials in the workplace?
21. Health Risk Studies
-
These agencies are conducting studies of potential health risks of
nanomaterials:
USAThe National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (including the
National Toxicology Program);
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH);
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA);
The Department of Defense;
The Department of Energy (DOE);
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Italy : INAIL
23. PhysicochemicalCharacterization
Size measurement of Nanoparticles Using DLS
Size Measurement of Nanoparticles Using Atomic Force
Microscopy
Measuring the Size of Nanoparticles Using Transmission
Electron Microscopy
Determination of NP in Rat Blood
Quantification of Free and Chelated Gadolinium Species in
Nanoemulsion-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Zeta Potential
24. In Vitro Characterization
Detection of Endotoxin Contamination
of Microbial Contamination
Detection of Mycoplasma Contamination
Detection
Cell Binding/Internalization
Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles Analysis
of Platelet Aggregation
Analysis of Nanoparticle Interaction with Plasma Proteins by
2D PAGE
Coagulation Assay
Detection of Nitric Oxide Production by Macrophages
25. TOXICITY
Oxidative Stress
Hep G2 Hepatocyte Glutathione Assay
Hep G2 Hepatocyte Lipid Peroxidation Assay (MDA)
Cytotoxicity (necrosis) assay (MTT and LDH Release)
Cytotoxicity (apoptosis) assay (Caspase 3 Activation)
Autophagy Assay: Analysis of MAP LC3I to LC3-II Conversion
by Western Blot