This document discusses electronic waste (e-waste), including what it is, common electronic items that become e-waste, why e-waste is a problem, constituents of e-waste that are hazardous or valuable, and methods of e-waste disposal like recycling, landfilling, and incineration. It provides details on e-waste management in India and China, the WEEE Directive, and recommends steps like proper laws and increased awareness to better address the growing issue of e-waste.

1. ELECTRONI
C
WASTE
Parminder Kaur

2. Content
What is Electronic Waste?
Electronic Equipments in E-Waste
How these become E-Waste?
Generators of E-Waste
Why E-Waste a problem?
Constituents of E-Waste
E-Waste Disposal
E-Waste in INDIA
E-Waste in CHINA
WEEE Directive
What should be done?

4. What is Electronic Waste?
It is the term used
to describe old,
end-of-life or
discarded
appliances using
electricity and
battery.

5. Electronic Equipments
Computers Mobile Air
Phones Conditioner
Laptops Telephone
Irons
Drill Machines Treadmills Printers

6. How these become E-Waste?
Changes and Advancement in technology
Changes in fashion, style, and status
Changing configuration
Attractive offers from manufacturers
Small life of equipments

7. Generators of E-Waste
Small business and House hold.
Large businesses,
Institutions and Government
offices.
Equipment manufacturers.

8. Some examples
Cell phone upgrades
Digital TV Conversion
Software upgrades
Can't change the battery
in your iPod
Disposable printers

9. Why E-Waste A Problem?
Composed of Hazardous Materials
Products are quickly obsolete and discarded
Electronic products are difficult to recycle
Discarded electronics are managed badly
Most e-waste goes to Landfills
Most recyclers don’t recycle , they export
Prison recycling : High Tech Chain Gang

10. Constituents Of E-Waste
Hazardous materials
Valuable materials

11. Source of e- Constituent Health effects
wastes (Hazardous)
printed circuit Lead (PB) •Damage to
boards, computer nervous system
monitors and kidney
•Affects brain
development of
children.
Chip resistors and Cadmium (CD) •Accumulates in
semiconductors kidney and liver.
•Causes neural
damage.

12. Relays and Mercury (Hg) Chronic damage
switches, printed to the brain.
circuit boards Respiratory and
skin disorders
Motherboard Beryllium (Be) lung cancer
Front panel of Barium (Ba) Muscle
CRTs. weakness;
Damage to heart,
liver and spleen
BACK

13. Valuable Materials
Source of e- Constituent Uses
wastes (Valuable)
Cable, Housing Plastics Insulation
Funnel glass in Lead, gold Metal joining,
CRTs, PWB Connectivity
Housing, PWB, Mercury, Zinc Batteries,
CRT switches
Housing, CRT, Aluminum, Silver Conductivity,
PWB, Copper, iron magnetivity
connectors

14. Waste Hierarchy
refers to the "3 R’s"
reduce, reuse and recycle
Its aim is to extract
maximum benefits
from products and to
generate the minimum
amount of waste.

15. E-Waste Disposal
Methods
 Recycle
 Landfill
 Incineration
 Reuse

16. E-Waste Recycling
Definition:-
Recycling is defined as the
assembling, developing,
promoting, or buying of
new products, which are
prepared from waste
materials.

17. Steps in Recycling
Dismantling of E-Waste
Removal of hazardous materials such as
PCB, HG, removal of plastic etc.
Strong acids are used to remove valuable metals
such as gold, lead, copper etc.

18. Methods for recycling
Consumer recycling
Donation
Take back
Exchange
Corporate recycling

19. Advantages
Recycled materials can be used in developing
new equipments
Valuable Materials are retrieved
Helps environment by avoiding pollution

20. Land filling
Definition:-
Land fill is also
known as dump, is a
site for the disposal
of waste materials by
burial and is the
oldest form of waste
treatment.

21. Disadvantages
Metals like mercury, cadmium, lead leaches into
the soil and ground water making them polluted
Requires large amount of space
It is not a environmentally sound treatment

22. Incineration
Definition:-
It is a controlled and
complete combustion
process, in which the
waste material is burned in
specially designed
incinerators at a high
temperature (900-
1000oC).
Incinerator

23. Advantages Disadvantages
Reduction of waste Emission of harmful
volume gases and residues
Utilization of energy of Emission of cadmium
combustible substances and mercury
hazardous substances
are converted into less
hazardous substances

24. Re-Use
Definition:-
It constitutes direct use
or use after slight
modifications to the
original functioning
equipment.

25. Advantages
Electronic equipments like computers, cell phones
etc. can be re-used.
This method also reduces the volume of e-waste
generation.
no wastage of time and money

26. E-Waste in INDIA
over 2 million e-waste is
generated every year
Harmful techniques like
burning wires are
common practice in the
informal recycling sectors
in big cities in India.

27. Recycle Steps in INDIA
Manual Dismantling
Refining and conditioning
Solid waste is deposited in a
municipal landfill.

28. E-Waste in CHINA
In 2004, China discarded
 4 million refrigerators
 5 million TV sets
 5 million washing machines
China is receiving 90%
e-waste from other countries.

29. WEEE Directive
Waste Electrical and
Electronic Equipment
Directive
WEEE
Symbol

30. WEEE Directive
introduced in January
2007.
aims to reduce the amount
of electrical and electronic
equipment being produced
to encourage everyone to
reuse, recycle and recover it. WEEE Symbol

31. WEEE Categories
Large household appliances
Lighting Equipment
Electric and Electronic Tools
Toys, sports Equipment
IT and telecommunications equipment
Office, Information & Communication Equipment
Entertainment & Consumer Electronics
Medical devices

32. Did you know?
The average lifespan of computers has
dropped from 6 years in 1997 to just 2 years in
2005.
Mobile phones have a lifecycle of less than
two years in developed countries.
183 million computers were sold worldwide in
2004 - 11.6 percent more than in 2003.

33. 674 million mobile phones were sold
worldwide in 2004 - 30 percent more than in
2003.
By 2010, there will be 716 million new
computers in use. There will be 178 million new
computer users in China, 80 million new users in
India.

34. What should be done?
Proper laws and policies should be made
Awareness among consumers and manufacturers
Recycling should be preferred
Products should be made recyclable
Make usage of recycled products
do not throw away old equipments