Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation without an identifiable medical cause, typically involving uterine cramps caused by prostaglandin-induced contractions. It most often occurs during the first two days of a woman's period. Secondary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation due to an underlying pelvic or uterine issue, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, fibroids, pelvic infection, an IUD, or a congenital abnormality. The document discusses the causes and types of dysmenorrhea, or painful periods.

1. Menstrual Disorders:
Dysmenorrhea
Mrs. Sarita Sharma
Assistant Professor
Department of
Pharmacology

2. Dysmenorrhea
Also known as painful periods or menstrual
cramps.
Dysmenorrhea is a term describing painful
menstruation that typically involves cramps
caused by uterine contractions.

3. Dysmenorrhea is divided into two categories:
1. Primary dysmenorrhea
2. Secondary dysmenorrhea
 Painful menstruation with no
identifiable pelvic pathology.
 Note: The highest level is in
the first 2 days of menses.
 painful
menstruation due
to pelvic or uterine
pathology.

4. Causes:
 caused by
increased
prostaglandin
production by the
endometrium in an
ovulatory cycle
which cause
contraction of the
uterus.
1. Primary dysmenorrhea
2. Secondary dysmenorrhea
1.Endometriosis: ectopic implantation of
the endometrial tissue in other parts of
the pelvic, it’s the most common cause
ofdysmenorrhea
2.Adenomiosis: ingrowth of the
endometriuminto the uterine
musculature.
3.Fibroids
4.Pelvic infection
5.Intrauterine device
6.Cervical stenosis
7.Congenital uterine or vaginalabnormalities