Document type definitions part 1
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DTD stands for Document Type Definition and allows an XML document to specify requirements to be considered valid. A DTD defines allowable elements, attributes, and relationships between elements in an XML document. Validation ensures an XML document matches the DTD specifications. DTDs can be embedded locally in an XML file or referenced externally from a URI.
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Document type definition
Document Type Definitions (DTDs) define an XML document's structure using EBNF grammar. DTDs specify elements, attributes, and permitted structure. Parsers can validate documents against DTDs to check for conformity. DTDs are introduced using a document type declaration (DOCTYPE) which can reference an internal or external subset. Element declarations define elements using names (generic identifiers) and content specifications, which indicate permitted child elements and content types like PCDATA. Well-formed documents follow XML syntax rules while valid documents also conform to their DTD.
Document Type Definitions
DTD stands for Document Type Definition and allows an XML document to specify requirements to be valid. It declares elements, attributes, and other components that can be used in an XML document. Validation ensures an XML document matches the DTD specifications by checking elements, attributes, and structure. DTDs can be embedded locally in an XML file or referenced externally from another file.
Document Type Definition
The document discusses XML document type definitions (DTDs), including how they are used to define the structure and elements of an XML document and validate that an XML document complies with the DTD. It covers DTD components like element type definitions, attribute list declarations, and content models that specify element sequences and occurrence. It also discusses how parsers can validate XML documents against associated DTDs.
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Dtd
The document discusses Document Type Definitions (DTDs) and XML parsers. It provides information on:
- What a DTD is and how it defines the legal elements and structure of an XML document.
- The different types of XML parsers, including non-validating parsers that only check well-formedness, and validating parsers that also check if a document conforms to a DTD.
- How DTDs can be internal, contained within an XML file, or external, stored in a separate file and linked to from the XML file. DTDs help ensure different people and programs can read each other's XML files by defining the allowed elements and attributes.
Dtd
A Document Type Definition (DTD) defines the legal building blocks of an XML document, including the document structure with a list of legal elements and attributes. A DTD can be declared internally within an XML file or externally as a reference. The DTD specifies elements, attributes, entities and other components allowed in the document and describes the relationships between them.
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Introduction to the usage of DTDs in connection with XML documents. Elements and attributes are introduced in details. Use of ID, IDREF, and IDREFS for uniqueness and referring to elements are illustrated using a number of examples.
DTD
DTD stands for Document Type Definition and is used to define the structure and elements of an XML document. It allows you to create rules for elements within XML documents and ensures XML documents conform to the DTD. A DTD can be internal, within the XML document, or external, in a separate file. It uses elements, attributes, and operators to define elements, attributes, data types, cardinality, and sequences within an XML document.
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Document type definition
Document Type Definitions (DTDs) define an XML document's structure using EBNF grammar. DTDs specify elements, attributes, and permitted structure. Parsers can validate documents against DTDs to check for conformity. DTDs are introduced using a document type declaration (DOCTYPE) which can reference an internal or external subset. Element declarations define elements using names (generic identifiers) and content specifications, which indicate permitted child elements and content types like PCDATA. Well-formed documents follow XML syntax rules while valid documents also conform to their DTD.
Document Type Definitions
DTD stands for Document Type Definition and allows an XML document to specify requirements to be valid. It declares elements, attributes, and other components that can be used in an XML document. Validation ensures an XML document matches the DTD specifications by checking elements, attributes, and structure. DTDs can be embedded locally in an XML file or referenced externally from another file.
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The document discusses XML document type definitions (DTDs), including how they are used to define the structure and elements of an XML document and validate that an XML document complies with the DTD. It covers DTD components like element type definitions, attribute list declarations, and content models that specify element sequences and occurrence. It also discusses how parsers can validate XML documents against associated DTDs.
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A DTD defines the structure of an XML document through element declarations that specify element types and attributes. It allows for uniformity across XML documents through constraints like requiring certain child elements. A DTD can be internal, embedded within the XML code, or external, stored separately in its own file. It uses markup declarations like <!ELEMENT> to define tags and their hierarchical tree structures.
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1) Avoid duplicate values and inconsistent dependencies by separating data into multiple tables.
2) Ensure each table describes a single entity or "thing".
3) Achieve third normal form where data is organized into tables such that each non-key attribute is dependent only on the primary key.
CIS160 final review
This document provides an overview of key concepts for the CIS-160 final exam including variables, constants, data types, selection statements, loops, arrays, procedures, and forms. It discusses variable scope and lifetime, static variables, input validation, and event handling. Conversion of data types, exception handling with Try/Catch blocks, and debugging with breakpoints are also summarized.
SQL Constraints
This document discusses different types of constraints in a database including:
- Field constraints like NOT NULL, check, unique, primary key, foreign key
- Table constraints like check, unique, primary key, foreign key
- Examples of different constraints like required fields, check constraints using operators, ranges, lists, pattern matching, default values, unique, primary key, foreign key, and identity columns. It also discusses how to add, change, and drop constraints using ALTER and CREATE statements.
CIS 245 Final Review
This document provides guidance on designing effective forms in Access. It discusses best practices such as using logical field organization and familiar labels. It also covers topics like bound versus unbound forms, using subforms, command buttons, and ensuring proper tab order. Tips are provided for changing queries dynamically and using aggregate functions. The document concludes with an overview of common programming objects and concepts in VBA.
CIS145 Final Review
The document discusses the topics covered on the CIS145 final exam, including databases, tables, fields, data types, queries, forms, reports, and relationships. The exam will be open book, open notes, and open computer with a variety of question types including true-false, multiple choice, fill-in, and short answer. It will cover concepts for designing and implementing databases, as well as techniques for extracting and presenting data.
Cis166 Final Review C#
The document discusses the topics of a CIS-166 final exam, including arrays, array terms, referencing array elements, working with arrays, object terminology, polymorphism, namespaces, instance vs. static variables, constructors and destructors, collections, text data files, and reading and writing to text files. The final exam will be open book, open notes, open computer, cover material since the midterm, and include multiple choice, true/false, fill-in, and short answer questions worth a total of 100 points.
CIS245 sql
SELECT is used to retrieve data from database tables. The basic SELECT statement identifies the fields to retrieve using a field list, the table to select from, and optional clauses to filter rows by criteria, group data, and sort the results. Key clauses include FROM to identify the source table, WHERE to filter rows, GROUP BY to group rows, HAVING to filter groups, and ORDER BY to sequence the results. SELECT statements are typically used to query data and return it in a readable format.
Cis245 Midterm Review
This document discusses database design concepts including primary keys, foreign keys, relationships between tables, normalization, and different types of queries. It covers one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships and how to implement them. It also discusses referential integrity, data validation, indexes, anomalies that can occur without normalization, and different types of joins and queries.
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) allow separation of document content from presentation through rules that control formatting and layout. A single CSS stylesheet can alter the appearance of multiple web pages, and different stylesheets can be used for a single page. CSS uses selectors, declarations, and properties to style elements. Stylesheets can be embedded within HTML documents or linked as external files, and support inheritance of styles. CSS treats elements as boxes and controls properties like margins, borders, padding, and positioning.
XPath
The document summarizes key concepts about XPath including:
1) XPath provides a logical model for working with XML documents and uses nodes to represent XML in memory.
2) XPath expressions can be absolute or relative and are used to select nodes from an XML document. Common axes include child, attribute, and descendant.
3) Predicates can be used to filter node sets and select specific nodes based on values or location.
XSLT Overview
This document provides an overview of XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language), which is used to transform and present XML documents. It discusses that XSL is made up of XSLT for transformations and XSL-FO for formatting. XSLT is a declarative language that describes the results of transforming an XML document rather than the steps. The document also outlines the basic process of applying XSL transformations using a stylesheet to match nodes and templates.
Views
This document discusses database views, which provide a virtual table that is not used for data storage. Views can reduce complexity, improve performance, and hide sensitive data. Indexed views can further improve performance by adding an index, but have additional requirements such as being deterministic and schema-bound. Views can also be updatable under certain conditions such as not including DISTINCT, TOP, aggregates, or a GROUP BY clause.
CIS282 Midterm review
The document discusses key concepts related to SQL Server databases including:
- SQL Server operates separately from client applications and requires a connection to transmit requests and responses.
- Management Studio is used to start/stop the SQL Server service and write/execute T-SQL statements.
- Databases contain tables, stored procedures, views, and indexes which are used to organize and retrieve data.
- Security is provided through login accounts and user roles within databases.
Schemas 2 - Restricting Values
The document discusses XML schemas and defines various XML schema components. It explains concepts like namespaces, element and attribute qualification, content models using sequence, choice, all and group, simple types with facets, and lists and unions. It provides examples of how to define elements and attributes with XML schemas by setting restrictions and patterns on data types.
CIS 145 test 1 review
This document provides an overview of key concepts for designing and working with relational databases, including:
- Databases store related data in tables, with common values creating relationships between tables.
- Tables contain records made up of related fields, and proper planning is needed to determine what data to include.
- Fields should be short but descriptive, and setting data types controls what values can be entered.
- Relationships can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many, and referential integrity ensures consistency.
- Queries can look up related data automatically across tables.
XML schemas
XML schemas provide an alternative to DTDs for defining XML document structure and vocabulary. Schemas define a language through elements and datatypes. Unlike DTDs, schemas use XML for their own definition and support features like namespaces, inheritance, and data typing. When using a schema, XML documents must reference it to validate their structure and content.
DOM specifics
The document discusses the Document Object Model (DOM) and its common interface members for manipulating XML and HTML documents. It describes how to create element nodes, text nodes, and attributes using the DOM interfaces. It also explains how to retrieve elements by tag name and access the properties and child nodes of elements.
More from Randy Riness @ South Puget Sound Community College (20)
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying Ahead
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte Webinar
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20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
Everything I found interesting about the Elixir programming ecosystem in May 2024
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy Survey
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
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UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdf
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptx
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
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Document type definitions part 1
- 1. Document Type Definitions - Overview XML
- 2. DTD stands for Document Type Definition Allows an XML document to go further than meeting the requirements of being well-formed Specifies requirements to be valid A valid XML document matches definitions of allowable elements, attributes DTD Overview
- 3. Validation can be done in code (i.e. using javascript, VB and DOM) DTD’s allow use of a validating parser that compares the document against specifications Typically makes application changes and maintenance easier Less tied to a particular programming language/environment Validation
- 4. Declarations are used to specify document requirements Document type declaration Element declaration Attribute List declaration Entity declaration Declarations
- 5. Includes name of root element Allows specification of where the DTD is located DTD can be embedded in the XML file (local) DTD can refer to external file, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Local takes precedence over external Document Type Declaration
- 6. Element Declaration has 3 parts: Declaration Element name Element content Element content can include a list of child elements or data Element Declaration
- 7. DTD included in XML document Definition of a student: <!DOCTYPE student[ <!ELEMENT student(first, last, studentID)> <!ELEMENT first (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT last(#PCDATA)> <ELEMENT studentID(#PCDATA)> ]> LocalDTD Document Type Declaration Element Declaration A student element is made up of first name, last name, and student id elements
- 8. DTD exists in external file/location Must use keyword to specify type of location SYSTEM is a reference to local file system PUBLIC is reference to DTD accessed through a catalog Can use both together If can’t find catalog reference can use specified file External Definition
- 9. Reference in XML file: <!DOCTYPE student SYSTEM “student.dtd”> External file: <!ELEMENT student(first, last, studentID)> <!ELEMENT first (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT last(#PCDATA)> <ELEMENT studentID(#PCDATA)> ]> Sample External Definition Document Type Declaration Element Declaration
- 10. Element name must match name in XML document If using namespaces, prefixes must match Content Model defines what the element can store An element Mixed (i.e. data and element) Empty Any Working With Elements
- 11. One element can contain another Can specify the elements contained by sequence Can specify the elements contained as a choice Element Content
- 12. Error raised if an element is missing Error raised if there are extra elements Error raised if elements in a different order For a student, our content must be in firstname, lastname, studentID order If find an element “major”, error If order varies, error If missing first, last, or studentID, error Content by Sequence
- 13. Can allow content to vary between elements | (vertical bar or pipe) indicates OR If add a Grade element to a student that can be a letter or percent: <!ELEMENT grade (letter | percent)> <!ELEMENT letter (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT percent (#PCDATA) Indicates that must have letter or percent element Content by Choice
- 14. A name may be a full name (first, middle, last) or just first and last: <!ELEMENT name (fullName | (first, last))> <!ELEMENT fullName (first, middle, last)> <!ELEMENT first (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT middle (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT last (#PCDATA)> By Choice: Example
- 15. Allows combination of elements and parsed character data Can include additional information within an element, eg. how to display Rules: Managed by using Choice (or) PCDATA must appear first in list of elements List cannot include inner content model (only simple elements) If there are child elements, include * * Indicates that may appear zero or more times Mixed Content
- 16. If want to include emphasis with the letter grade Data: <letter><em>4</em></letter> Declaration: <!ELEMENT letter (#PCDATA | em)*> Describes a letter element as the content (pcdata) plus emphasis element Mixed Content -2
- 17. An element can be empty <br /> (never has child, content) Declaration includes EMPTY: <!ELEMENT br EMPTY> Means that the element CANNOT contain content Empty Content
- 18. An element can contain any kind of value (or be empty) Any elements declared in the DTD can occur, any number of times Only elements that are part of the DTD can be part of the document! May be empty May contain PCDATA Least restrictive model Any Content