Xml dtd- Document Type Definition- Web Technology
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This document provides an overview of XML key components including elements, attributes, and namespaces. It discusses DTDs which define the basic building blocks and rules for structuring XML data. DTDs specify element sequences and parsed/non-parsed data. The example DTD defines a "memo" element with child "to", "from", and "message" elements of parsed character data type.
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Xml dtd- Document Type Definition- Web Technology
- 1. XML Key Components DTD Prepared By: Rajan Shah
- 2. XML- eXtensible Mark-up Language Xml provides data storage and transportation facility. In xml there are no predefined tags. All the tags are user-defined. It is a language which describes other languages
- 3. Advantages of XML It is readable by both- humans and machines It is self documenting Independent of OS Used to display meta contents Useful in exchanging data between applications Neutral language
- 4. KEY components Elements Attributes Other essentials Namespaces
- 5. Elements Elements must have a closing tag Tags are case sensitive Elements must be correctly nested Must have root element < b >< i > Hello </ b ></ i > -- Is not correct < br >-- used alone is not allowed. It must be closed
- 6. Attributes Attribute values must be quoted to be considered legal in xml <attrib-name value=“xyz”>Hello </ attrib-name > -- is valid.
- 7. Other Essentials White spaces are not trimmed to a single space Carriage return(CR) and linefeed(LF) combination at the end of text lines, is translated to Lf by xml
- 8. Namespaces It is possible to associate a namespace with element to distinguish them from other similar named elements in other projects, when sharing two or more documents Usually takes the form of a url, beginning with a domain name, an optional namespace label in the form of a directory and finally a version no.(optional) Example: xmlns: “http://www.domain.com/ns/1.1”
- 9. DTD- Document Type Data Dtd is used to define the basic building blocks of any XML document. It is used to specify the sequence of elements and what data to be parsed and what not. It is used to specify the set of rules for structuring data in XML File.
- 10. Example of DTD memo.dtd (External DTD File) <!ELEMENT memo (to, from, message)> <!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT message (#PCDATA)>
- 11. Continue readmemo.xml <?xml version=“1.1”?> <!DOCTYPE memo SYSTEM memo.dtd> <memo> <to>XYZ</to> <from>ABC</from> <message>Hello</message> </memo>
- 12. Understanding DTD File Document of type “memo” is created, having 3 elements– to, from, message, each having data type PCDATA- parsed character data, which refers to everything except mark-up DTD describes XML in terms of elements, tags, attributes, entities, PCDATA and CDATA.
- 13. Advantages of DTD Advantages: 1. Used to define the structural components of XML document 2. Simple and Compact 3. Can be Embedded directly inn XML document
- 14. Disadvantages Disadvantages: 1. Cant define the type of DATA contained in XML document 2. DTD’s are not aware of the concept of Namespace 3. DTD’s are not W3C recommendation.