Distal femur fractures involve the femoral condyles and nearby bone. They are commonly caused by high-energy trauma and can also occur from low-energy falls in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Diagnosis involves x-rays and sometimes CT or angiography. Fractures are classified by several systems to guide treatment, which may involve traction, casting, external fixation, or open reduction with plates or nails to restore alignment and stabilize the bone for healing. Complications can include pain, malunion, nonunion, infection, and issues affecting knee function.