The document describes the design of a text-to-Braille conversion device using an Arduino Uno and solenoids. It includes:
1) An overview of the proposed device which would convert text input to Braille output using an Arduino, solenoids arranged in a 2x3 matrix, and an Android app for input.
2) Details of the hardware components used including the Arduino Uno, solenoids, Bluetooth module, and their connections in a circuit diagram.
3) An explanation of how the software is programmed to assign Braille values to ASCII characters and control the solenoids accordingly to display the output.
Braille refreshable display using Arduino for visually challenged peopleIRJET Journal
The document discusses the development of a Braille refreshable display using Arduino to help visually impaired people read text. It provides background on Braille and its history. The proposed system uses an image sensor to capture text, which is then converted to Braille dots using electromagnets controlled by an Arduino board. This allows blind users to read printed or digital texts. The document reviews related works and different types of Braille, and suggests the system could be improved with better image processing and noise rejection.
Survey Paper on Raspberry pi based Assistive Device for Communication between...IRJET Journal
This document discusses several research papers on developing assistive devices to aid communication between blind, deaf, and mute individuals. It begins with an abstract describing the goal of converting sign language to voice and text using a Raspberry Pi, camera, speaker and LCD display by recognizing human gestures. It then summarizes 8 research papers on related topics, describing systems that use flex sensors on gloves to detect sign language and translate it to speech/text, or use image processing on hand gestures. The document concludes by outlining the proposed methodology, hardware and software requirements, and potential limitations and future work for a sign language translation system using a Raspberry Pi, camera and sensors.
An Assistive System for Visually Impaired PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed assistive system for visually impaired people that uses computer vision and machine learning techniques. The system is designed to help visually impaired individuals navigate indoor and outdoor environments independently. It uses a Python-based program with OpenCV and YOLO object detection to identify objects and text in images captured by a camera. Text detected in images is converted to audio using Tesseract OCR and a text-to-speech engine to allow users to hear identified objects and text. The system aims to provide navigation assistance and read text aloud to help visually impaired people live more independently.
IRJET- An Innovative Method for Communication Among Differently Abled Peo...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to help improve communication between disabled individuals, including those who are deaf, blind, or mute. The system uses a glove fitted with flex sensors that can detect hand gestures. When a gesture is made, the flex sensors trigger an Arduino microcontroller to play a pre-recorded audio message or display a message on an LCD screen. The system is designed so that deaf individuals can receive messages through visual display, blind individuals can receive messages through Braille or vibration, and mute individuals can communicate through gestures. The goal is to help overcome barriers to communication between disabled people and enable them to interact with others.
Eye-Blink Detection System for Virtual KeyboardIRJET Journal
This document describes an eye-blink detection system that can be used as a virtual keyboard. It detects eye blinks using a webcam and facial recognition software. When each letter on the virtual keyboard is highlighted, the user can select it by blinking for one second. This allows people with physical disabilities to type and interact with computers using only their eyes. The system was tested and users were able to type words at a rate of 13-15 words per minute. Overall, the eye-blink detection system aims to enhance accessibility and independence for disabled users.
The document summarizes a project to create a wireless Braille learner using an ESP32 microcontroller and servo motors. The ESP32 receives input from a webpage when a user clicks a letter button and controls the servo motors in a 3x2 matrix to form the corresponding Braille letter pattern for the user to read through touch. The project aims to provide an innovative way for visually impaired individuals to learn Braille independently without needing assistance.
IRJET- Hand Gesture based Recognition using CNN MethodologyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on hand gesture recognition using convolutional neural networks (CNN). The paper aims to develop a system to recognize American Sign Language (ASL) to help facilitate communication for deaf individuals. The system would capture hand gestures via video and translate them into text. The researchers conducted a literature review on previous work using CNNs and 3D convolutional models for sign language recognition. They intend to implement a 3D CNN model on ASL data and analyze the results to improve recognition accuracy for communicating via sign language.
Touch is one of the most common forms of sign language used in oral communication. It is most commonly used by deaf and dumb people who have difficulty hearing or speaking. Communication between them or ordinary people. Various sign-language programs have been developed by many manufacturers around the world, but they are relatively flexible and affordable for end users. Therefore, this paper has presented software that introduces a type of system that can automatically detect sign language to help deaf and mute people communicate better with other people or ordinary people. Pattern recognition and hand recognition are developing fields of research. Being an integral part of meaningless hand-to-hand communication plays a major role in our daily lives. The handwriting system gives us a new, natural, easy-to-use communication system with a computer that is very common to humans. Considering the similarity of the human condition with four fingers and one thumb, the software aims to introduce a real-time hand recognition system based on the acquisition of some of the structural features such as position, mass centroid, finger position, thumb instead of raised or folded finger.
Braille refreshable display using Arduino for visually challenged peopleIRJET Journal
The document discusses the development of a Braille refreshable display using Arduino to help visually impaired people read text. It provides background on Braille and its history. The proposed system uses an image sensor to capture text, which is then converted to Braille dots using electromagnets controlled by an Arduino board. This allows blind users to read printed or digital texts. The document reviews related works and different types of Braille, and suggests the system could be improved with better image processing and noise rejection.
Survey Paper on Raspberry pi based Assistive Device for Communication between...IRJET Journal
This document discusses several research papers on developing assistive devices to aid communication between blind, deaf, and mute individuals. It begins with an abstract describing the goal of converting sign language to voice and text using a Raspberry Pi, camera, speaker and LCD display by recognizing human gestures. It then summarizes 8 research papers on related topics, describing systems that use flex sensors on gloves to detect sign language and translate it to speech/text, or use image processing on hand gestures. The document concludes by outlining the proposed methodology, hardware and software requirements, and potential limitations and future work for a sign language translation system using a Raspberry Pi, camera and sensors.
An Assistive System for Visually Impaired PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed assistive system for visually impaired people that uses computer vision and machine learning techniques. The system is designed to help visually impaired individuals navigate indoor and outdoor environments independently. It uses a Python-based program with OpenCV and YOLO object detection to identify objects and text in images captured by a camera. Text detected in images is converted to audio using Tesseract OCR and a text-to-speech engine to allow users to hear identified objects and text. The system aims to provide navigation assistance and read text aloud to help visually impaired people live more independently.
IRJET- An Innovative Method for Communication Among Differently Abled Peo...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to help improve communication between disabled individuals, including those who are deaf, blind, or mute. The system uses a glove fitted with flex sensors that can detect hand gestures. When a gesture is made, the flex sensors trigger an Arduino microcontroller to play a pre-recorded audio message or display a message on an LCD screen. The system is designed so that deaf individuals can receive messages through visual display, blind individuals can receive messages through Braille or vibration, and mute individuals can communicate through gestures. The goal is to help overcome barriers to communication between disabled people and enable them to interact with others.
Eye-Blink Detection System for Virtual KeyboardIRJET Journal
This document describes an eye-blink detection system that can be used as a virtual keyboard. It detects eye blinks using a webcam and facial recognition software. When each letter on the virtual keyboard is highlighted, the user can select it by blinking for one second. This allows people with physical disabilities to type and interact with computers using only their eyes. The system was tested and users were able to type words at a rate of 13-15 words per minute. Overall, the eye-blink detection system aims to enhance accessibility and independence for disabled users.
The document summarizes a project to create a wireless Braille learner using an ESP32 microcontroller and servo motors. The ESP32 receives input from a webpage when a user clicks a letter button and controls the servo motors in a 3x2 matrix to form the corresponding Braille letter pattern for the user to read through touch. The project aims to provide an innovative way for visually impaired individuals to learn Braille independently without needing assistance.
IRJET- Hand Gesture based Recognition using CNN MethodologyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on hand gesture recognition using convolutional neural networks (CNN). The paper aims to develop a system to recognize American Sign Language (ASL) to help facilitate communication for deaf individuals. The system would capture hand gestures via video and translate them into text. The researchers conducted a literature review on previous work using CNNs and 3D convolutional models for sign language recognition. They intend to implement a 3D CNN model on ASL data and analyze the results to improve recognition accuracy for communicating via sign language.
Touch is one of the most common forms of sign language used in oral communication. It is most commonly used by deaf and dumb people who have difficulty hearing or speaking. Communication between them or ordinary people. Various sign-language programs have been developed by many manufacturers around the world, but they are relatively flexible and affordable for end users. Therefore, this paper has presented software that introduces a type of system that can automatically detect sign language to help deaf and mute people communicate better with other people or ordinary people. Pattern recognition and hand recognition are developing fields of research. Being an integral part of meaningless hand-to-hand communication plays a major role in our daily lives. The handwriting system gives us a new, natural, easy-to-use communication system with a computer that is very common to humans. Considering the similarity of the human condition with four fingers and one thumb, the software aims to introduce a real-time hand recognition system based on the acquisition of some of the structural features such as position, mass centroid, finger position, thumb instead of raised or folded finger.
This document presents a device called FOR(E)SIGHT that was designed to assist visually impaired people. FOR(E)SIGHT uses computer vision techniques like OpenCV, optical character recognition and text-to-speech to help blind users identify objects, read text, and understand gestures. It consists of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, camera, ultrasonic sensor and headphones. The device detects objects and text using the camera, extracts text using OCR, and converts it to audio using text-to-speech synthesis which is played through headphones. The goal was to create an affordable, small and easy to use device to help blind people with daily living activities.
Review Paper on Two Way Communication System with Binary Code Medium for Peop...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses a proposed system to aid communication between blind, deaf, and mute individuals using binary code.
2) It reviews existing research on communication systems using Morse code and tactile methods.
3) The proposed system would convert speech to visual contexts and vibrations, and vice versa, using a multimodal approach to allow communication across disabilities.
IRJET - Sign Language to Speech Conversion Gloves using Arduino and Flex Sens...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system to convert sign language gestures to speech using flex sensors and an Arduino microcontroller. The system uses a glove fitted with flex sensors that detect the degree of bending of the fingers. The sensor output varies with the amount of bend and is converted to resistance values. The Arduino reads the sensor values and compares the gestures to a database to determine the matching sign. It then outputs the corresponding word or phrase as audio speech using a voice module. The flex sensors measure finger movements and positions to recognize static and dynamic signs. When a sign is identified, the Arduino triggers the voice module to vocalize the sign, allowing deaf people to communicate via translated sign language. The system aims to help break down communication barriers
Information Technology and Transcription of Reading Materials for the Visuall...Michael Fagbohun
Studies have shown inadequate reading materials for the visually impaired in Nigeria. Information technology
has greatly advanced the provision of information to the visually impaired in other industrialized climes. This
study investigated the extent of application of information technology to the transcription of reading materials
for the visually impaired in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design of the ex-post facto to select 470
personnel as respondents. A questionnaire titled Information Technology Use Scale (α=0.74), and Interview
Schedule (α=0.75), were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment
Correlation. The findings indicate that information technology in transcription was low and a significant positive
relationship between application of information technology and transcription of information materials (r=0.62:
p<0.05). The study recommended among others that Multi-National Corporations should be sensitized to extend
their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities to help in procuring modern information technology
devices and software to enhance transcription.
The document describes a hand gesture recognition system for deaf persons to communicate their thoughts to others. It aims to bridge the communication gap between deaf-mute people and the general public by converting gestures captured in real-time via camera, which are trained using a convolutional neural network (CNN), into text output. The system allows deaf-mute users to interact with computer applications using gestures detected by their webcam without needing to install additional applications. It discusses the background and relevance of the project, as well as objectives like designing the gesture training, extracting features from images, and recognizing gestures to translate them to text.
The document describes a hand gesture recognition system for deaf persons to communicate their thoughts to others. It aims to bridge the communication gap between deaf-mute people and the general public by converting gestures captured in real-time via camera, which are trained using a convolutional neural network (CNN), into text output. The system allows deaf-mute users to interact with computer applications using gestures detected by their webcam without needing to install additional applications. It discusses the background and relevance of the project, as well as objectives like designing the gesture training, extracting features from images, and recognizing gestures to translate them to text.
IRJET- Hand Talk- Assistant Technology for Deaf and DumbIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart glove system that translates sign language gestures into speech to help deaf and mute people communicate. The glove uses flex sensors on each finger to detect finger bending motions. An Arduino microcontroller processes the sensor data and sends it wirelessly via Bluetooth to an Android app. The app displays the sign language gesture and converts it to speech output. The goal is to help deaf and mute individuals communicate with hearing people by interpreting their sign language gestures into audible speech in real-time. The system is intended to bridge communication between those who understand sign language and those who do not.
This document describes a smart glove system that translates sign language gestures into speech and text to help deaf and mute people communicate. The system uses flex sensors on a glove to detect hand gestures, which are processed by an Arduino microcontroller. The Arduino identifies letters and words from the gestures and outputs them as speech from a connected speaker and as text on an Android phone app. The goal is to help deaf-mute individuals effectively convey information to people without sign language training by translating their gestures into audio and text in real-time.
Two Way Communication System with Binary Code Medium for People with Multiple...IRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed communication system to help people with multiple disabilities like blindness, deafness, and being mute communicate effectively. The system uses binary code as the medium of communication. It involves wearable devices with sensors, vibration motors, microcontrollers and other components. The system allows disabled users to send and receive text and vibration messages for communication. It aims to reduce communication barriers between disabled individuals and enable them to connect with others.
Braille to text and speech for cecity personseSAT Journals
This document describes a system that converts Braille input to text and speech output. The system uses a Braille keypad for input, which is interfaced with an FPGA (field programmable gate array). The FPGA decodes the Braille input and converts it to English text, which is then displayed on an LCD. The English text is also converted to speech output through an integrated circuit. The system is designed to help visually impaired people access and communicate information by converting Braille to readable and audible formats.
Visual Product Identification For Blind PeoplesIRJET Journal
1) The document presents a prototype system to assist blind people in reading printed text on handheld objects. It uses a camera, data processing, and audio output.
2) A motion-based method is used to isolate the object of interest from other objects in the camera view. Text localization and recognition algorithms are then used to extract and identify text from the isolated region.
3) The system is evaluated on its ability to localize and recognize text from images of objects with complex backgrounds, and on its usability with blind users. Future work will focus on improving text localization and the user interface.
IRJET- Communication Aid for Deaf and Dumb PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a communication aid system for deaf and mute people that translates sign language gestures to text and speech. The system uses a glove with flex sensors that detect hand gestures. When a gesture is made, the sensors produce a signal that is matched to stored gesture inputs to translate letters, words, and sentences to speech and text. This helps remove communication barriers for the deaf by allowing them to convey meanings through gestures that are automatically translated. The system aims to bridge the gap between those who can hear and those with speech and hearing impairments.
Objective comparisons of Exploration and Gesture based touchscreen keyboards ...Adit Gupta
The document summarizes research comparing the BrailleTouch and Android TalkBack keyboards for blind users. It found that while BrailleTouch was faster, it had drawbacks like requiring both hands and being memory dependent. TalkBack had simpler numeric input but also drawbacks. Looking more closely, error rates were higher for BrailleTouch. A hybrid approach combining exploration and gesture may be better. The study also provided insights into Indian blind users' preferences and motor control challenges.
Finger reader thesis and seminar reportSarvesh Meena
The document describes a finger-worn device called the FingerReader that assists blind users in reading printed text. The FingerReader uses a camera and computer vision algorithms to recognize text as the user scans their finger across a page. It provides audio and tactile feedback to guide the user's finger and read text aloud. Three studies with blind participants found that the FingerReader showed potential for enabling independent reading of printed materials but also uncovered opportunities to improve its accuracy and usability. The document outlines the hardware, software, and algorithms used in the FingerReader as well as findings from focus groups with blind users on their needs and issues with existing reading technologies.
IRJET- A Review on Iot Based Sign Language ConversionIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on an IoT-based sign language conversion system. The system uses a glove equipped with flex sensors, contact sensors and a gyroscope to capture the user's hand gestures. The glove's microcontroller analyzes the sensor readings to identify gestures from a library and transmits them via Bluetooth to a smartphone. The system aims to help deaf people communicate with others conveniently and affordably by translating sign language gestures to text displayed on a smartphone.
IRJETDevice for Location Finder and Text Reader for Visually Impaired PeopleIRJET Journal
This document presents a device to help visually impaired people find locations and read text. The proposed system uses a camera to capture images of text, applies preprocessing like binarization and OCR to extract the text, and converts it to speech output. It aims to improve on existing reading aids by handling text on complex backgrounds with various fonts and sizes more accurately. The system design includes modules for image acquisition, preprocessing, optical character recognition, and text-to-speech conversion to read text aloud for users. It is intended to make printed information like signs and labels more accessible to the visually impaired.
IRJET- Device for Location Finder and Text Reader for Visually Impaired P...IRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed system to help visually impaired people read text from various sources in their daily lives. The system uses an image acquisition device like a webcam to capture an image of text. Optical character recognition (OCR) software is then used to recognize the characters in the image and convert them to audio output using text-to-speech, allowing visually impaired users to listen to the text. The proposed system aims to improve on existing devices by providing more accurate text recognition from complex backgrounds and different text sizes and styles.
Sign Language Recognition using MediapipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a student research project that aims to develop a sign language recognition system using the Mediapipe framework. The system takes video input of signed letters from the American Sign Language alphabet and outputs the recognized letters in text format. The document provides background on sign language and gesture recognition, describes the Mediapipe framework and implementation methodology using KNN classification, and presents preliminary results of the system detecting hand positions and recognizing letters in real-time. The overall goal is to reduce communication barriers for deaf individuals by translating sign language to written text.
The document describes a smart assistance glove designed for disabled people using flex sensors and Arduino/Raspberry Pi modules. The glove detects finger gestures via flex sensors and displays corresponding commands on an Android app with audio output. Data is transmitted wirelessly between the Arduino and Raspberry Pi. An emergency alert can also be sent via GSM module. The goal is to help those with communication barriers communicate more easily.
This document describes a project to create virtual vision glasses to help blind people. The glasses will use optical character recognition, computer vision techniques, text-to-speech, and translation to assist users with daily tasks like reading text, navigating surroundings, and understanding foreign languages. The proposed system will be built using a Raspberry Pi single board computer with a camera, and will include applications for text recognition, translation, and assistance from Google Assistant. It aims to make an affordable assistive device for the blind and help with issues like reading signs, books, and instructions in different languages.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
More Related Content
Similar to Design of Text-to-Braille Digitized Device based on Android and Arduino Uno with Remote Module
This document presents a device called FOR(E)SIGHT that was designed to assist visually impaired people. FOR(E)SIGHT uses computer vision techniques like OpenCV, optical character recognition and text-to-speech to help blind users identify objects, read text, and understand gestures. It consists of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, camera, ultrasonic sensor and headphones. The device detects objects and text using the camera, extracts text using OCR, and converts it to audio using text-to-speech synthesis which is played through headphones. The goal was to create an affordable, small and easy to use device to help blind people with daily living activities.
Review Paper on Two Way Communication System with Binary Code Medium for Peop...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses a proposed system to aid communication between blind, deaf, and mute individuals using binary code.
2) It reviews existing research on communication systems using Morse code and tactile methods.
3) The proposed system would convert speech to visual contexts and vibrations, and vice versa, using a multimodal approach to allow communication across disabilities.
IRJET - Sign Language to Speech Conversion Gloves using Arduino and Flex Sens...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system to convert sign language gestures to speech using flex sensors and an Arduino microcontroller. The system uses a glove fitted with flex sensors that detect the degree of bending of the fingers. The sensor output varies with the amount of bend and is converted to resistance values. The Arduino reads the sensor values and compares the gestures to a database to determine the matching sign. It then outputs the corresponding word or phrase as audio speech using a voice module. The flex sensors measure finger movements and positions to recognize static and dynamic signs. When a sign is identified, the Arduino triggers the voice module to vocalize the sign, allowing deaf people to communicate via translated sign language. The system aims to help break down communication barriers
Information Technology and Transcription of Reading Materials for the Visuall...Michael Fagbohun
Studies have shown inadequate reading materials for the visually impaired in Nigeria. Information technology
has greatly advanced the provision of information to the visually impaired in other industrialized climes. This
study investigated the extent of application of information technology to the transcription of reading materials
for the visually impaired in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design of the ex-post facto to select 470
personnel as respondents. A questionnaire titled Information Technology Use Scale (α=0.74), and Interview
Schedule (α=0.75), were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment
Correlation. The findings indicate that information technology in transcription was low and a significant positive
relationship between application of information technology and transcription of information materials (r=0.62:
p<0.05). The study recommended among others that Multi-National Corporations should be sensitized to extend
their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities to help in procuring modern information technology
devices and software to enhance transcription.
The document describes a hand gesture recognition system for deaf persons to communicate their thoughts to others. It aims to bridge the communication gap between deaf-mute people and the general public by converting gestures captured in real-time via camera, which are trained using a convolutional neural network (CNN), into text output. The system allows deaf-mute users to interact with computer applications using gestures detected by their webcam without needing to install additional applications. It discusses the background and relevance of the project, as well as objectives like designing the gesture training, extracting features from images, and recognizing gestures to translate them to text.
The document describes a hand gesture recognition system for deaf persons to communicate their thoughts to others. It aims to bridge the communication gap between deaf-mute people and the general public by converting gestures captured in real-time via camera, which are trained using a convolutional neural network (CNN), into text output. The system allows deaf-mute users to interact with computer applications using gestures detected by their webcam without needing to install additional applications. It discusses the background and relevance of the project, as well as objectives like designing the gesture training, extracting features from images, and recognizing gestures to translate them to text.
IRJET- Hand Talk- Assistant Technology for Deaf and DumbIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart glove system that translates sign language gestures into speech to help deaf and mute people communicate. The glove uses flex sensors on each finger to detect finger bending motions. An Arduino microcontroller processes the sensor data and sends it wirelessly via Bluetooth to an Android app. The app displays the sign language gesture and converts it to speech output. The goal is to help deaf and mute individuals communicate with hearing people by interpreting their sign language gestures into audible speech in real-time. The system is intended to bridge communication between those who understand sign language and those who do not.
This document describes a smart glove system that translates sign language gestures into speech and text to help deaf and mute people communicate. The system uses flex sensors on a glove to detect hand gestures, which are processed by an Arduino microcontroller. The Arduino identifies letters and words from the gestures and outputs them as speech from a connected speaker and as text on an Android phone app. The goal is to help deaf-mute individuals effectively convey information to people without sign language training by translating their gestures into audio and text in real-time.
Two Way Communication System with Binary Code Medium for People with Multiple...IRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed communication system to help people with multiple disabilities like blindness, deafness, and being mute communicate effectively. The system uses binary code as the medium of communication. It involves wearable devices with sensors, vibration motors, microcontrollers and other components. The system allows disabled users to send and receive text and vibration messages for communication. It aims to reduce communication barriers between disabled individuals and enable them to connect with others.
Braille to text and speech for cecity personseSAT Journals
This document describes a system that converts Braille input to text and speech output. The system uses a Braille keypad for input, which is interfaced with an FPGA (field programmable gate array). The FPGA decodes the Braille input and converts it to English text, which is then displayed on an LCD. The English text is also converted to speech output through an integrated circuit. The system is designed to help visually impaired people access and communicate information by converting Braille to readable and audible formats.
Visual Product Identification For Blind PeoplesIRJET Journal
1) The document presents a prototype system to assist blind people in reading printed text on handheld objects. It uses a camera, data processing, and audio output.
2) A motion-based method is used to isolate the object of interest from other objects in the camera view. Text localization and recognition algorithms are then used to extract and identify text from the isolated region.
3) The system is evaluated on its ability to localize and recognize text from images of objects with complex backgrounds, and on its usability with blind users. Future work will focus on improving text localization and the user interface.
IRJET- Communication Aid for Deaf and Dumb PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a communication aid system for deaf and mute people that translates sign language gestures to text and speech. The system uses a glove with flex sensors that detect hand gestures. When a gesture is made, the sensors produce a signal that is matched to stored gesture inputs to translate letters, words, and sentences to speech and text. This helps remove communication barriers for the deaf by allowing them to convey meanings through gestures that are automatically translated. The system aims to bridge the gap between those who can hear and those with speech and hearing impairments.
Objective comparisons of Exploration and Gesture based touchscreen keyboards ...Adit Gupta
The document summarizes research comparing the BrailleTouch and Android TalkBack keyboards for blind users. It found that while BrailleTouch was faster, it had drawbacks like requiring both hands and being memory dependent. TalkBack had simpler numeric input but also drawbacks. Looking more closely, error rates were higher for BrailleTouch. A hybrid approach combining exploration and gesture may be better. The study also provided insights into Indian blind users' preferences and motor control challenges.
Finger reader thesis and seminar reportSarvesh Meena
The document describes a finger-worn device called the FingerReader that assists blind users in reading printed text. The FingerReader uses a camera and computer vision algorithms to recognize text as the user scans their finger across a page. It provides audio and tactile feedback to guide the user's finger and read text aloud. Three studies with blind participants found that the FingerReader showed potential for enabling independent reading of printed materials but also uncovered opportunities to improve its accuracy and usability. The document outlines the hardware, software, and algorithms used in the FingerReader as well as findings from focus groups with blind users on their needs and issues with existing reading technologies.
IRJET- A Review on Iot Based Sign Language ConversionIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on an IoT-based sign language conversion system. The system uses a glove equipped with flex sensors, contact sensors and a gyroscope to capture the user's hand gestures. The glove's microcontroller analyzes the sensor readings to identify gestures from a library and transmits them via Bluetooth to a smartphone. The system aims to help deaf people communicate with others conveniently and affordably by translating sign language gestures to text displayed on a smartphone.
IRJETDevice for Location Finder and Text Reader for Visually Impaired PeopleIRJET Journal
This document presents a device to help visually impaired people find locations and read text. The proposed system uses a camera to capture images of text, applies preprocessing like binarization and OCR to extract the text, and converts it to speech output. It aims to improve on existing reading aids by handling text on complex backgrounds with various fonts and sizes more accurately. The system design includes modules for image acquisition, preprocessing, optical character recognition, and text-to-speech conversion to read text aloud for users. It is intended to make printed information like signs and labels more accessible to the visually impaired.
IRJET- Device for Location Finder and Text Reader for Visually Impaired P...IRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed system to help visually impaired people read text from various sources in their daily lives. The system uses an image acquisition device like a webcam to capture an image of text. Optical character recognition (OCR) software is then used to recognize the characters in the image and convert them to audio output using text-to-speech, allowing visually impaired users to listen to the text. The proposed system aims to improve on existing devices by providing more accurate text recognition from complex backgrounds and different text sizes and styles.
Sign Language Recognition using MediapipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a student research project that aims to develop a sign language recognition system using the Mediapipe framework. The system takes video input of signed letters from the American Sign Language alphabet and outputs the recognized letters in text format. The document provides background on sign language and gesture recognition, describes the Mediapipe framework and implementation methodology using KNN classification, and presents preliminary results of the system detecting hand positions and recognizing letters in real-time. The overall goal is to reduce communication barriers for deaf individuals by translating sign language to written text.
The document describes a smart assistance glove designed for disabled people using flex sensors and Arduino/Raspberry Pi modules. The glove detects finger gestures via flex sensors and displays corresponding commands on an Android app with audio output. Data is transmitted wirelessly between the Arduino and Raspberry Pi. An emergency alert can also be sent via GSM module. The goal is to help those with communication barriers communicate more easily.
This document describes a project to create virtual vision glasses to help blind people. The glasses will use optical character recognition, computer vision techniques, text-to-speech, and translation to assist users with daily tasks like reading text, navigating surroundings, and understanding foreign languages. The proposed system will be built using a Raspberry Pi single board computer with a camera, and will include applications for text recognition, translation, and assistance from Google Assistant. It aims to make an affordable assistive device for the blind and help with issues like reading signs, books, and instructions in different languages.
Similar to Design of Text-to-Braille Digitized Device based on Android and Arduino Uno with Remote Module (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.