This presentation discusses about the following subtopics:
What is a government deficit?
Types of deficit
What is a revenue deficit?
What is a fiscal deficit?
What is a primary deficit?
Difference between Fiscal Deficit and Revenue Deficit
Difference between Primary Deficit and Revenue Deficit
Key Takeaways:
Understanding Finance Commission and its Functions
Assessment of Union and State Finances
Recommendations on Vertical and Horizontal Devolution
Allocation of Grants-in-aid to States and Local Bodies
Recommendations on Disaster Risk Management
A fantastic PPT on a very important and scoring topic. A quick and easy explanation of the chapter Government Budget & The Economy. It has got all the material information required to enhance one's knowledge about the topic. Excellent and interesting facts. HAPPY LEARNING !!
This presentation gives an introduction to Taxation
What is a TAX?
Types of Taxes in India
Direct Tax
Sub categories of Direct Tax
Indirect Taxes
Benefits of Taxes
Advantages of Paying taxes
Penalty for not Paying taxes
Key Takeaways:
Understanding Finance Commission and its Functions
Assessment of Union and State Finances
Recommendations on Vertical and Horizontal Devolution
Allocation of Grants-in-aid to States and Local Bodies
Recommendations on Disaster Risk Management
A fantastic PPT on a very important and scoring topic. A quick and easy explanation of the chapter Government Budget & The Economy. It has got all the material information required to enhance one's knowledge about the topic. Excellent and interesting facts. HAPPY LEARNING !!
This presentation gives an introduction to Taxation
What is a TAX?
Types of Taxes in India
Direct Tax
Sub categories of Direct Tax
Indirect Taxes
Benefits of Taxes
Advantages of Paying taxes
Penalty for not Paying taxes
Economics project on Government Budget and its Components by Kenith Mendonca. Short and informative project on Government Budget which includes all information youre looking for. Do have a look and if you find it informative i'll be glad you'd refer it. Make sure you give me credits for my hard work too haha :]
in this PPT government budget and its classification of budget is explained. menaing of budget, different type of budget deficits are also explained in it. you can also find on what basis revenue and capital receipt and expenditure are classified.
different type of budget deficits and their implications are also explained.
Simply put, a budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. The opposite of a budget deficit, on the other hand, is a budget surplus.
A government budget is made to approach and address the needs and issues of a country. It is an annual financial statement where an itemized estimate of revenue expected and expenditure anticipated are listed for the current fiscal year which runs from April 1 of one year to March 31 of the next year.
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Data Frames & Lists
Handling Data in R Workspace
Reading Data Sets & Exporting Data from R
Manipulating & Processing Data in R
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. • What is a government deficit?
• Types of deficit
• What is a revenue deficit?
• What is a fiscal deficit?
• What is a primary deficit?
• Difference between Fiscal Deficit and Revenue Deficit
• Difference between Primary Deficit and Revenue Deficit
3. • Deficit is the amount by which the
spending done in a budget surpass the
earnings.
• A government deficit is the amount of
money in the budget by which the
spending done by the government
surpasses the revenue earned by it.
• This deficit presents a picture of the
financial health of the economy.
• To minimise the deficit or the gap
between the expenses and the income,
the government may reduce a few
expenditures and also increase
revenue-initiating pursuits.
What is a government deficit?
4. Types of deficit
In this concept, students can learn about the government deficit and its measures.
There are several measures that apprehend a
government deficit, and they have their own
inferences for the economy, such as:
5. • A revenue deficit refers to the surplus of the government’s revenue
expenditure over the revenue receipts.
Revenue deficit = Revenue expenditure – Revenue receipts
• This deficit only incorporates current income and current expenses.
• A high degree of deficit symbolises that the government should
reduce its expenses.
• The government may raise its revenue receipts by raising income tax.
Disinvestment and selling off assets is another corrective measure to
minimise a revenue deficit.
What is a revenue deficit?
6. What is a fiscal deficit?
• A fiscal deficit is the distinction between the government’s total expenditure and
its total receipts, which excludes borrowing.
Gross fiscal deficit = Total expenditure – (Revenue receipts + Non-debt creating
capital receipts)
• A fiscal deficit has to be financed by borrowing. Hence, it includes the total
borrowing necessities of the government from all the possible sources. From the
financing part,
Gross fiscal deficit = Net borrowing at home + Borrowing from RBI + Borrowing
from abroad
7. What is a primary deficit?
• A primary deficit is the amount of money that the government requires to borrow from the
interest payments on the formerly borrowed loans.
• We must take a note that the borrowing necessity of the government comprises interest
responsibilities on the collected amount of debt.
• The aim of quantifying the primary deficit is to concentrate on current fiscal imbalances.
• To attain an approximate borrowing on account of current expenses overreaching revenues, we
need to compute what has been known as the primary deficit. It is the fiscal deficit, the interest
payments.
Gross primary deficit = Gross fiscal deficit – Net interest liabilities
• Net interest liabilities comprise interest payments – interest receipts by the government on the
net domestic lending.
8. Difference between Fiscal Deficit and Revenue Deficit
Parameters Fiscal deficit Revenue deficit
Meaning
A fiscal deficit is the excess of budget
expenditure over budget receipts other
than borrowings.
A revenue deficit is the surplus of revenue
expenditure over revenue receipts.
Significance
It reflects the total government borrowings
during a fiscal year.
It reflects the inefficiency of the government to
reach its regular or recurring expenditure.
Formula
Budgetary deficit – Borrowings
Or
BE – BR excluding borrowings
(RE + CE) – (RR + CR excluding borrowings)
Revenue expenditure – Revenue receipts
Or
RE – RR
9. Difference between Primary Deficit and Revenue Deficit
Sources to Finance Fiscal Deficit:
The following are the two sources to finance fiscal deficit:
(a) Borrowings
• A fiscal deficit is accomplished by the borrowings from a commercial bank, internal sources like
public or from external sources such as international agencies like IMF, foreign governments, etc.
(b) Deficit financing (i.e., Printing new currency)
• The government can also borrow funds from RBI against its securities to meet the fiscal deficit.
Therefore, RBI issues new currency for this purpose.
• This process is recognised as deficit financing.
10. Difference between Primary Deficit and Revenue Deficit
Parameters Primary deficit Revenue deficit
Meaning
Primary deficit is referred to as the difference that
exists between the fiscal deficit of the current year
and the interest payment that was needed to be
paid in the previous fiscal year.
A revenue deficit is the excess of revenue
expenditure over revenue receipts.
Significance
It indicates the borrowing requirements of the
government for the purposes, excluding the
interest payment.
It reflects the inability of the government to meet
its regular and recurring expenditure.
Formula
Fiscal deficit – Interest payment
Or
BE excluding interest payment –
BR excluding borrowings
Or
(RE excluding interest payment + CE) –
(RR + CR excluding borrowings)
Revenue expenditure – Revenue receipts
Or
RE – RR