This chapter discusses database management and describes key concepts. It explains that data must be organized and processed to become useful information. Various techniques are presented for maintaining high quality data, including adding, changing, deleting records, and validating data. The chapter differentiates between a file processing system and database approach, describing how databases reduce redundancy and improve access. It also outlines the functions of database management systems and characteristics of different database types like relational, object-oriented and multidimensional. Finally, the roles of database analysts, administrators and users are discussed.

1. Chapter 10
Database
Management

2. Chapter 10 Objectives
Identify the qualities of valuable informationIdentify the qualities of valuable information
Explain why data is important to an
organization
Explain why data is important to an
organization
Discuss the terms character, field, record,
and file
Discuss the terms character, field, record,
and file
Identify file maintenance techniquesIdentify file maintenance techniques
Differentiate between a file processing system
approach and the database approach
Differentiate between a file processing system
approach and the database approach
Discuss the functions common to most
DBMSs
Discuss the functions common to most
DBMSs
Describe characteristics of relational, object-
oriented, and multidimensional databases
Describe characteristics of relational, object-
oriented, and multidimensional databases
Explain how Web databases workExplain how Web databases work
Discuss the responsibilities of databases
analysts and administrators
Discuss the responsibilities of databases
analysts and administrators
Next

3. Data and Information
What is data ?
p. Fig. 10-1 Next
 Collection of unprocessed items, which can
include text, numbers, images, audio, and video
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4. Data and Information
What is Information ?
p. Fig. 10-3 Next
 Processed data; that is, it is organized, meaningful, and
useful
 The processes this new
member data and
payment data

5. Data and Information
How a fitness center might
process data into
information ?
p. Fig. 10-2 Next
Step 1. The member data,
including a photograph, is
entered and stored on a
hard disk
Step 2. A computer
extracts the member
data from the disk and
obtains the amount due
based on the type of
membership plan
Step 3. When the amount
due of $39.50 is paid, the
receipt is created and
printed. (The Weekender
plan is $39.50 per month.)
Web server for
www.company.com

6. Data and Information
What is Database and Database Software ?
p. Fig. 10-4 Next
 Collection of data
organized in a manner
that allows access,
retrieval, and use of that
data
 Often called a databases
management system
(DBMS), users create a
computerized databases

7. Data and Information
What is Data Integrity ?
p. Fig. 10-5 Next
 Data is one of their more
valuable assets
 Data is used to generate
information
 Data Integrity identifies the
quality of the data
 Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
is a computer phrase that means
you cannot create correct
information from data that is
incorrect
 A

8. Data and Information
What are Qualities of Valuable Information?
p. Next
Cost-effective
information should give
more value than it costs
to produce
Cost-effective
information should give
more value than it costs
to produce
Accessible information
is available when the
decision maker needs it
Accessible information
is available when the
decision maker needs it
Timely information has
an age suited to its use
Timely information has
an age suited to its use
Organized information
is arranged to suit the
needs and
requirements of the
decision maker
Organized information
is arranged to suit the
needs and
requirements of the
decision maker
Useful information has
meaning to the person
who receives it
Useful information has
meaning to the person
who receives it
Verifiable information
can File Processing
Versus Databases oven
as correct or incorrect
Verifiable information
can File Processing
Versus Databases oven
as correct or incorrect
Accurate information is free errorAccurate information is free error
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9. The Hierarchy Of Data
What is Characters ?
p. Fig. 10-7 Next
 The smallest unit of data
the computer can process

10. The Hierarchy Of Data
What is Fields ?
p. Fig. 10-8 Next
 Combination of one or more related
characters

11. The Hierarchy Of Data
What is records ?
p. Fig. 10-9 Next
 Group of related fields
 Key field
 Primary field

12. The Hierarchy Of Data
What is Files ?
p. Fig. 10-10 Next
 Collection of related records stored on disk such as a
hard disk, CD, or DVD

13. Maintaining Data
What is Adding Records ?
p. Fig. 10-11 Next
 Users add new records to a file when they
obtain new data

14. Maintaining Data
What is Changing Records?
p. Fig. 10-12 Next
 Correct inaccurate data or
 Update old data with new data

15. Maintaining Data
What is Deleting Records ?
p. Fig. 10-13 Next
 A record no longer is
needed, a user deletes it
from file

16. Maintaining Data
What is validating data ?
p. Fig. 10-14 Next
 Process of comparing data with a
set of rules or values to find out if
the data is correct
 Alphabetic/numeric check
 Range check
 Consistency check
 Completeness check
 Check digit

17. File Processing Versus Databases
What is File Processing System ?
p. Fig. 10-15 Next
 Each department or area within and organization has its
own set of files
 Have two major weaknesses
 Data redundancy
 Isolated data

18. File Processing Versus Databases
What is Database approach ?
 Many programs and users share the data in the
database
p. Fig. 10-16 Next
Reduced data
redundancy
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Improved data
integrity Shared data
Easier access
Reduced
development
time

19. Database Management Systems
What is Data dictionary ?
p. Fig. 10-18 Next
 Contains data about each
file in the database and
each field within those file
 Sometimes called a
repository

20. Database Management Systems
What is a Query and Query Language ?
p. Fig. 10-19 Next
 A query is a request for specific data from the
database
 A query language consists of simple, English-like
statements that allow users to specify the data to
display, print, or store

21. Database Management Systems
p. Fig. 10-2 Next
.
How to use the simple query wizardHow to use the simple query wizard
Step 1: select the
fields from
the available
fields list that
you want to be
displayed
Step 2: assign a name
to the query, so you
can open it later
Step 3: view the query
results on the screen

22. Database Management Systems
What is Data security ?
p. Fig. 10-22 Next
 A DBMS provides means to ensure that only
authorized users access data at permitted times
 Define the actions that a specific user or group of users
can perform

23. Database Management Systems
What is Backup and Recovery ?
p. Figs. 10-20–10-21 Next
 A backup, or copy, of the entire
database
 Which is listing of activities that
change the contents of the
database
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24. Relational, Object-Oriented, and
Multidimensional Databases
What is Relational Database ?
p. Fig. 10-25 Next
 A database that store data in
tables that consist of rows and
columns
 A relationship is a
connection within the
data

25. Relational, Object-Oriented, and
Multidimensional Databases
What is Object-Oriented Database (OODB) ?
 Stores data in objects
 Examples of OODB :
p. Fig. 10-16 Next
Multimedia
Database
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Groupware
Database
Computer-aided
design database
stores
Hypertext
database Web database

26. Relational, Object-Oriented, and
Multidimensional Databases
What is Multidimensional Databases ?
p. Fig. 10-27 Next
 Stores data in dimensions
 Sometimes known as hypercube

27. Web Databases and Database
Administration
What is Database Design Guidelines ?
p. Fig. 10-29 Next
 A carefully designed database
makes it easier for a user to query
the database, modify the data,
and create reports

28. Web Databases and Database
Administration
What is Role of the Database Analysts and Administrators ?
p. Fig. 10-31 Next
 Responsible for managing and coordinating all
database activities
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29. Web Databases and Database
Administration
What is Role of the Employee as a User ?
p. Fig. 10-32 Next
 Should learn how to use the data in the database
effectively

30. Summary of Database Management
Discussed how data and information are
valuable assets to an organization
Discussed how data and information are
valuable assets to an organization
Presented methods for maintaining high-
quality data and assessing the quality of
valuable information
Presented methods for maintaining high-
quality data and assessing the quality of
valuable information
Discussed the advantages of organizing data
in a database and described various types of
database
Discussed the advantages of organizing data
in a database and described various types of
database
Presented the roles of the database analysts
and administrators
Presented the roles of the database analysts
and administrators
Chapter 10 Complete