Downloaded 829 times
Uploaded byDulminie Nanayakkara
Cucumber
The document provides a comprehensive guide on cucumber agriculture, detailing its morphology, recommended varieties, soil and climatic requirements, field establishment, harvesting, storage, and pest management. It highlights the cucumber's origin, major growing areas in Sri Lanka, and the importance of proper irrigation and weed control. Additionally, it discusses the challenges posed by pests and diseases and offers references for further reading.
More Related Content
More from Dulminie Nanayakkara
Cucumber
- 1. Export Agriculture Uva WellassaUniversity of Sri Lanka
- 2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • MORPHOLOGY •RECOMMENDED VARIETIES • SOIL & CLIMATIC REQUIREMENT • FIELD ESTABLISHMENT • HARVESTING • STORAGE & POST- HARVEST • USES • PEST & DISEASES • REFERANCES 2
- 3. INTRODUCTION Family : Cucurbitaceae Genus: Cucumis Species : Cucumis sativus 3
- 4. • The cucumberis a warm season crop • Originated from Northern India • In Sri Lanka, best eaten sliced as a salad • Appetizer with other vegetables because of its distinct flavor and texture 4
- 5. Major growing areas •Throughout the year in the wet-zone • During Maha season in the dry-zone Identified districts • Kurunegala • Matale • Hambantota Potential districts • Puttlum, Colombo, Matara, Badulla, Moneragala, Polonnaruwa ,Anuradhapura 5
- 6. MORPHOLOGY • Cucumber isa monoecious annual vegetable • It is a sprawling vine with large leaves and curling tendrils • The leaves are arranged alternately on the vines 6
- 7. • Plant producesyellow colour flowers • The fruits are usually cylindrical • Many-seeded berries 7
- 8. RECOMMENDED VARIETIES • Champion •Kalpitiya white • LY58 8
- 9. • Special featuresof • Champion •Salad cucumber • Kalpitiya white •Local selection •Salad cucumber • LY58 •Yield potential 25Mt/ha •Recommended for Dry and Wet zones 9
- 10. In 2012 releaseNew hybrid variety HORDI Green F1 • Fruit taste-Crispy • Moisture- 96.2% • External skin colour -Yellow green • Internal skin colour -Green white • Reaction to pests- No serious pest infestation 10
- 11. SOIL & CLIMATICREQUIREMENT • Rainfall Wet zone 2500 mm Dry zone1200 - 1900 mm • Soil – Any soil high water-holding capacity good drainage • pH range 5.5 to 7.0 • Temperature 25–30˚С 11
- 12. FIELD ESTABLISHMENT Land preparation •Prepare the field at least one month before planting • Follow each plowing with harrowing 12
- 13. • For wetseason cropping, prepare raised beds • One week before planting, make holes 30 cm apart • Apply well-decomposed animal manure • Mix the manure thoroughly with soil 13
- 14. Planting • Sow 3-4seeds/hills and cover with a thin layer of soil • About 2-3 kg of seeds are required for one hectare • Irrigate the field right after sowing • 5 to 7 days after germination, rogue excess seedlings and maintain only two plants/hill 14
- 15. Trellising • Ipil-ipil postsspaced 3-4 m apart are laid out in the field • Wires can be used to connect the poles along each furrow • synthetic straw can be used for vine training 15
- 16. Spacing I m x1 m 3-4 seeds per planting hole Fertilizer application Urea TSP MOH Basal 75 200 60 Top dressing-1 75 - 60 Top dressing-2 75 60 60 16
- 17. Irrigation • During thedry season, water regularly every 10-14 days • Depending on the soil type and weather condition • watering in the morning hours • Avoid too much water • Use drip irrigation system 17
- 18. Weed control • Thebeds should be kept free of weeds, especially in the early stages • Later on, rapidly spreading vines suppress the weeds 18
- 19. HARVESTING • Most cucumbervarieties will produce fruit ready for harvest in 50 to 60 days • The peak cucumber production months during the Maha season • Check vines daily as the fruit starts to appear • pick cucumbers whenever it big enough to use 19
- 20. STORAGE & POST-HARVEST • Cucumber has over 90 % water • Wrap tightly by a plastic wrap to retain moisture • They can keep for a week to 10 days when stored properly in the refrigerate 20
- 21. USES • As afresh vegetable • Consumed fresh in salads • Pickling • Cosmetics products • Anti bacterial regents 21
- 22. PEST & DISEASES Cucumberplants are susceptible to pests • Cucumber Beetles • Aphids • Crickets • Leafhoppers • Thrips • Grasshoppers 22
- 23. Insects Aphids • Turn leavesyellow and stunt shoots • transmit viruses from plant to plant Control • Monitoring • Use natural enemies 23
- 24. Cucumber beetles • feedon the leaves • spread cucumber mosaic virus or wilts in cucurbits Control • Management of cucumber beetles is difficult. • Use cover crops • Remove crop residues 24
- 25. Diseases • The mostimportant diseases are • Powdery mildew • Mosaic • Downy mildew • Anthracnose 25
- 26. Mosaic • Causal Organism- -Cucumbermosaic virus & squash mosaic virus • Symptoms -Leaves are small & puckered & plant become stunted -Edged of the leaves are turn down -Knobs on the fruits are light yellow 26
- 27. Powdery mildew • CausalOrganism -Erysiphe cichoracearum • Symptoms -Spot develop on the upper surface of on the older leaf -It causes the leaves to turn yellow & whiter -Fruits are not infected 27
- 28. Control • Used fungicidesprays • Cultural control- using good quality seed • Remove alternate of host aphids • Don’t plant cucurbits near to wood • Control weeds • Use insecticide 28
- 29. REFERANCES • http://www.semena.org/agro/Cucumber-e.htm • http://www.agridept.gov.lk/index.php/en/crop- recommendations/984 •http://www.backyard-vegetable- gardening.com/cucumber-diseases.html • http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/GARDEN/VEGES/PE STS/cucumberbeet.html • https://www.plantvillage.com/topics/cucumber/infos • http://www.darfu4b.da.gov.ph/cucumber.html 29
- 30. GROUP MEMBERS • B.M.S.K.Ekanayake UWU/EAG/11/0004 • K.A.M.Y.C. Jayathissa UWU/EAG/11/0010 30
- 31.