The document discusses barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a hardy crop suitable for diverse climatic conditions and rich in nutrients like carbohydrates, vitamins, and proteins. It elaborates on barley cultivation, including optimal sowing times, soil requirements, and various techniques for irrigation, pest, and weed management, as well as its uses in human consumption and animal feed. Additionally, it highlights barley varieties, their resistance to diseases, and essential agricultural practices for successful cultivation.

1. SUBMITTED BY :-
SHUBHAM GARG
(2017A109BIV )
SUBMITTED TO:-
DR.A.K.DHAKA

2. • Barley ( Hordium vulgare L.) commonly known as Jau .
• It is hardy crop,can be grown in adverse agroclimetic conditions like
drought,salinity,alkalinity etc. in plains and hilly areas under rainfed
and irrigated condtions.
• Carbohydrate present in barley help in regulation of glucose level
due to high fiber content(5 times of other whole grain).
• It is rich in Vit B, Vit E, folic acid.
• It help in reducing body weight.It is good source of protien.
• it contain about 15% water, 6.7% gum, 3.2% sugar, 60%
starch,2.2% fat.
• It is used for human consumption, used to prepare Alcoholic
beverages,animal feed,straw for bed of livestock ,making paper.

3. • According to Vovolov, two main centre of diversity i.e. 1st group in NE
Africa and Mountainous regions of Abussinia as principal centre for 6
row barley (occidental type) and 2nd group in SE Asia China, Japan,
Tibet and Nepal for 2 row barley (oriental type).
• All forms of barley are originated from a wild species Hordium
spontaneum similar as two rowed barley.
• The leading countries are USSR,China,France,Canada,USA & Spain.
• India is going down as are shifting to more remunerative crops like
wheat,gram or cash crops.
• Barley is mainly grown in Northen plains.

4. S.N. Based on arrangementof spikelets in rachis Character
1. Hordium vulgare L. Six row
2. Hordium distichon L. Two row
3. Hordium irreglare L. Two row
S.N. Based on Awns Charcter
1. Awned type Awns present
2. Awnless type Awns absent
S.N. Based on Adhereence of Chaff to grains Charcter
1. Hulled Chaff reamis attach to grain
2. Hull less Husk readily falls after threshing

5. S.N. Stage Charcteristics
1. Seedling • Coleptile emerge out of soil.
• Upto 20-25 days
2. Tillering • Start after establishment of crown roots
• Upto 30-35 DAS.
3. Jointing & Booting • Vegetative part start multiplying
• Upto 55-65 DAS
4. Heading • Flag leaf give rise to ear head
• Anthesis begins, result into milking stage
• Upto 75-85 DAS
5. Ripening • Grain filling & devlopment started
• Upto 90-100 DAS
6. Maturity & Drying • Plant turn yellowish,loose stiffness
• Become droopy & reday for harvest

6. SOIL
• It require cool weather during early growth andwarm & dry at
maturity.
• The optimum temperature at sowing is 22-24*C, 12-15*C during
growing peroid and 30*C at maturity.
• It is drought resistant,withstand in cool humid and dry climates.It
can not tolerate frost.
• Uniform moisture & bright sunshine at ripening are important for
production of clean bright kernels required by malting industry.
• Sandy to moderate loam soil having neutral to mild saline reaction
with well drainage system.
• It is more tolerant to alkali and saline condition such as
Rajsthan,Punjab,Haryana,UP and Bihar.

7. • 2-3 ploughings ,repeated harrowing,cultivation and planking is
required for compact seedbed.
• Under rainfed condition 2nd fortnight of october and for
Irrigated condition 15-30th November is best sowing time.
• Under rainfed 75kg/ha to avoid competition for moisture
while under irrigated 85-90 kg/ha seed is required .
• If moisture in top soil is sufficient than Kera method, otherwise
pora method is used.
• Row to row spacing is 22 cm in normal condition while for late
sown condition 18-20cm.

8. Type Varieties
HUSKLESS Karan 3, K16, K18, K19, K750, K757, DL487,K1155
Hulled Karan 15, K280, NH87, K392, DL472
Malting & brewing
purpose
Alfa 93, BCU 73,DWR 28,DWRUB 52,
RD 2668,DWRB 73
Feed purpose RD 2552, PL 751, BH 902,BH 393(IRRIGATED)
K560, K603, RD 2624, RD2660 (RAINFED)
DL88, RD2552, NDB1173, NDB1020, NDB209
(SALINE)
Nematode
resistant
Raj Kiran

9. Variety Durarion
(Days )
Yield
(q/ha)
Reaction to major pest
Diseases & insects
Other
Features
BG 25 136 34 Resistant to yellow
rust & aphids
Six rows,waxy suitable
to irrigated condition
BG 105 137 37 Susceptible to Yellow
rust,blight,aphids
For irrigated late condition
BH 75 136 38 Resistant to yellow rust For irrigated timely sowing
BH 393 121 46 Resistance to Yellow &
brown rust,Molya disease
Six rowearly maturity,
good malting traits
BH 331 127 43 Resistance to major
disease
Suitable for brackish
water,salted soils
BH 338 107 39 Tolerant to yellow rust Auitable for late sowing
BH 902 130 50 Resistant to yellow,
brpwn,black rust
Six row var. For feed
barley group

10. FERTILIZER IRRIGATION
• It needs 60kg N, 30kg P2O5 & 15 kg K2O/ha under irrigated
condition with FYM
• Apply full dose of phospores and potash with half nitrogen at
sowing & half at 1st irrigation.
• Under rainfed 30kg N, 15 kg P2O5 /ha.
• Avoid excess N, it cause lodging.
• Due to low water requirement it can be grown in rainfed
areas.It require 2 irrigation at active tillering stage (40-45 DAS)
and at anthesis (80-85 DAS).
• One extra irrigation in sandy soils.
• If only 1 irrigation is available than apply at tillering stage.

11. • It is a good cometitor of weeds due to ft growing habit and high
initial vigour.It has two type of weeds:-
• 1)Brodleaf (Chenoodium album)
• 2)Narrowleaf (Avena ludoviciana)
• To prevent losses , one hand weeding after irrigation is useful.
S.N. Broadleaf Weedicide Dose (/ha)
1. 2,4-D Sodium salt 1kg in 500l water
2. Algrip 20 WP 20g in 500ml surfacant
3. Affinity 40DF 50g in 500l water
S.N. Narrowleaf Weedicide Dose(/ha)
1. Axial 5 EC 1L in 500L of water at 40-45 DAS
S.N. Mixed weed flora control Dose (/ha
1. Axial 5EC & Algrip 20 WP 1L+20g with 500ml suffactant resp.
2. AXIAL 5 EC & AFFINITY 40 DF 1L+50g in 500L of water resp.

12. 1. RUST (Puccinia spp.)
• Black,brown and yellow rust occur in
barley.
• There are some resistant varieties:-
Back rust :- Azad, BCU 73, BH 505, BH 508, HBL 113
Brown rust :-Alfa, BCU 73, HBL 113, BH 514, RD 2503, RD 2508, PL 419
Yellow rust :- BH 902, C 164, BH 75, Alfa 93, R 2503, PL 419 and BH 393.
CONTROL :-
• Seed treatment with Vitavax or Cabendazim @ 2g or
• Tebuconazol (Raxil 2DS) @ 1g/kg seed.

13. 2.COVERED SMUT
(Ustilago hordei )
• It is observed at time of heading.All
ear of diseased plant become
infected & all grains in earhead turn
into smut sori.Each smut sorus plant
remains covered by a
white,shining,silvery membrane.
Control :-
• Seed treatment with Carbendazin (Bavistin) or Carboxin (Vitavax) @
0.2 g/Kg seed is quiet effective.
• Resistance varieties K 12, K 18, K 24 and BG 105 should be used.

14. 3. Stripe disease (Dreschlera graminae )
• Flory spray of Dithane M 45 @ 0.2% at intial stages.
• Resistant varieties K 12, K 24, K 125, Vijya, C164, BG 105
and BH 87.
• It occurs in late tollering stage.
• Narrow yellow stripe on lower
leaves,then on upper leaves.
• At later stages yellow stripe changes
into reddish to brown.
• Infected leaves dries and give
shredded look.Spots on glumes.
Control :-

15. • No major insect in case of
barley.However termite attack
is observed in crop .
Control :-
• Treat seed with Chlorpyriphos 20
EC.
• Formathion 25 EC @ 6ml /kg of seed in 25-30L of
water,prepare a solution for 1 ha area & spary on seed
& dry it overnight before sowing.

16. THANKS