This document summarizes five main diseases that affect cucumbers: 1) Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, 2) Bacterial wilt caused by the bacteria Erwinia tracheiphila, 3) Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, 4) Mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus and squash mosaic virus transmitted by aphids, and 5) Root knot nematode caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. It provides details on symptoms, life cycles, and management recommendations for each disease, which include using resistant varieties, rotation, fungicides/insecticides, and removing alternative hosts
Chirkey and foorkey disease of cardamom Suraj Poudel
This is a slide prepared about two viral diseases of Cardamom by me and sushil for classroom presentation of Pathology. All the photos inserted in this slides are downloaded from the internet and belongs to respective uploader.
Chirkey and foorkey disease of cardamom Suraj Poudel
This is a slide prepared about two viral diseases of Cardamom by me and sushil for classroom presentation of Pathology. All the photos inserted in this slides are downloaded from the internet and belongs to respective uploader.
Diseases of Tea - Symptoms, Pathogenic characters and their ManagementVisanthGuhan
Diseases that affects Tea crop, both fungal and bacterial and algal diseases. Symptoms of specific disease, Pathogenic characters of specific disease and their mode of spread and their management.
Wilt is a pernicious disease of guava in India.
In India the disease was first recorded near Allahabad in 1935 . The infection was reported 15 -30 %.
The disease is a serious threat to guava cultivation in U.P. In West Bengal it reduces the yield in affected orchard by 80% .
The disease is also prevalent in Haryana Rajasthan , A.P ,
Punjab and M.P.The exact cause of the disease is still not fully understood but the pathogens viz. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii (Prasad, Mehta & Lal), Rhizoctonia spp. (Taub.) and various pathogens are reported by different workers may be the incitant of the disease.
Survival and spread:
Through movement of plants containing sick soil in virgin areas.
Short distance spread is by water.
Root injury predisposes wilt disease.
It has forced uprooting of about 150 acre of guava orchard in Panjab and 300 acres in Haryana during 1971-81.
Diseases of rose, Crown Gall Rot, Black Spot, Powdery mildew of Rose, Rust an...Muhammad Ammar
Diseases of rose:
Crown Gall Rot,
Black Spot,
Powdery mildew of Rose,
Rust and Anthracnose.
Besides rose diseases, environmental factors can effect your plants too, and they should be watched for an remedied when found. To keep most rose diseases under control, a commercial fungicide will take care of it. In other cases, proper pruning techniques and the maintenance of clean garden implements goes a long way in preventing such conditions from occurring in the first place.
I have found that only two sprays are needed to keep your plants healthy. The first is sulpher. This will work for most of the diseases. But not for black-spot: for this you need Capstan.
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on July 23, 2016 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
Diseases of Tea - Symptoms, Pathogenic characters and their ManagementVisanthGuhan
Diseases that affects Tea crop, both fungal and bacterial and algal diseases. Symptoms of specific disease, Pathogenic characters of specific disease and their mode of spread and their management.
Wilt is a pernicious disease of guava in India.
In India the disease was first recorded near Allahabad in 1935 . The infection was reported 15 -30 %.
The disease is a serious threat to guava cultivation in U.P. In West Bengal it reduces the yield in affected orchard by 80% .
The disease is also prevalent in Haryana Rajasthan , A.P ,
Punjab and M.P.The exact cause of the disease is still not fully understood but the pathogens viz. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii (Prasad, Mehta & Lal), Rhizoctonia spp. (Taub.) and various pathogens are reported by different workers may be the incitant of the disease.
Survival and spread:
Through movement of plants containing sick soil in virgin areas.
Short distance spread is by water.
Root injury predisposes wilt disease.
It has forced uprooting of about 150 acre of guava orchard in Panjab and 300 acres in Haryana during 1971-81.
Diseases of rose, Crown Gall Rot, Black Spot, Powdery mildew of Rose, Rust an...Muhammad Ammar
Diseases of rose:
Crown Gall Rot,
Black Spot,
Powdery mildew of Rose,
Rust and Anthracnose.
Besides rose diseases, environmental factors can effect your plants too, and they should be watched for an remedied when found. To keep most rose diseases under control, a commercial fungicide will take care of it. In other cases, proper pruning techniques and the maintenance of clean garden implements goes a long way in preventing such conditions from occurring in the first place.
I have found that only two sprays are needed to keep your plants healthy. The first is sulpher. This will work for most of the diseases. But not for black-spot: for this you need Capstan.
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on July 23, 2016 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
This presentation was delivered by Dr. A at the 2011 Annual Conference of the Southern Region American Society for Horticulture Science at Corpus Christi, TX.
This color atlas of poultry diseases .This is very useful guide for poultry farmers & poultry practicing professionals.The atlas contains colour photographs demonstrating the overall pathology of birds. The book includes more than 50 diseases from avian infectious pathology and a similar number from non-infectious pathology.There are both classic and well known diseases and new and little known diseases. The book is designed for veterinarians, veterinary students, poultry farmers and poultry specialists.
To get more free guides and literature and books please visit www.growelagrovet.com
Broiler Farming Management Guide is designed to help Aviagen’s customers achieve optimum performance from their birds. While not intended to provide definitive information on every aspect of management, this manual does draw attention to important issues that if overlooked or inadequately addressed may depress flock performance. The objective of this manual is to provide management techniques that help growers achieve good overall bird performance from day one through to processing while promoting bird health and welfare.
Aviagen applies a balanced approach to genetic progress, concentrating on commercial traits such as growth rate, feed conversion ratio, livability and meat yield, while improving bird welfare in areas such as leg health, cardiovascular fitness and robustness.
Achieving the genetic potential of the birds depends on three key factors:
• Management to provide birds with their required environment.
• A dietary regimen that offers nutrients in the appropriate profile.
• Effective biosecurity and disease control programs.
These three sectors, environment, nutrition and health, are interdependent. A shortfall in anyone will bring negative consequences to the others and if any one of these elements is sub-optimal, broiler performance will suffer.In reality, the guidance of a manual such as this cannot wholly protect against performance variations that may occur for a wide variety of reasons. While every attempt has been made to ensure the accuracy and relevance of the information presented, Aviagen accepts no liability for the consequences of using this information for the management of chickens. Information presented in this manual combines data derived from internal research.
Broiler poultry farming is a lucrative business. Generally highly meat productive birds or poultry breeds are called broiler poultry. But broiler chicken is a special species of poultry, which is a great secret. Only four countries of the world knows about this secret and they supply and maintain all the demand of broiler chickens. Broilers are like other common poultry birds. But this broiler is made in a scientific way for producing more meat in a short time. Basically, broilers are only for meat production.
Poultry production can be divided into four sectors:
1. industrial and integrated, 2.commercial high bio-security, 3. commercial low bio-security, 4. village, and family or backyard poultry. The focus here is largely on sectors 3 and 4 but there may be some overlap.
‘Family poultry’ as defined by the International Network for Family Poultry Development, covers sectors 3 and 4 which encompass small - scale poultry production.
There are numerous poultry handbooks which cover sectors 2 and 3, but this hand book has attempted, in two manuals, to cover mainly sector 3 while not ignoring the great importance of bio-security particularly in the face of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1). It is envisaged that, given time, some producers, now in sector 3 may move into sector 2.
The two manuals are pitched at two different levels.
The Trainer’s (instructor) manual assumes that the trainer has qualifications and/or experience in a branch of agricultural science but not necessarily in poultry production. Some of the material included is beyond that necessary to give an initial course in poultry production but may be useful as the farmer progresses from sector 3 to sector 2. The trainee’s manual has numerous illustrations and is aimed at a lower level than for the trainer.
The farmer may be interested in starting a poultry enterprise is already producing poultry in a small - scale commercial or semi-commercial (opportunistic) situation but would like to make poultry farming more permanent. The course will allow the farmer to increase his/her knowledge and skills and to become aware of a number of important issues (e.g. managing the environment, disease surveillance) of his/her enterprise.
In order to minimise repetition, there is some material in the trainee’s manual that is not in the trainer’s manual. Trainers should familiarise themselves thoroughly with both manuals.
The third manual is for the millions of families, worldwide, in low – income,
developing countries who keep backyard poultry, mainly unmanaged, with few inputs, but nevertheless are of great importance by providing, some security, income and high – quality protein. It is hoped that this manual will make families aware of the possibility of improving output with a minimum of input.
Much of the information has been taken from a range of sources as well as the author’s own experience of working in several developing countries over 25 years.
Ideally, there should be a small-scale demonstration unit or a poultry farm available so that the trainees can see, first hand, and better understand the main points in these manuals and observe how commercial poultry production should be practised.
A good poultry health management is an important component of poultry production. Infectious disease causing agents will spread through a flock very quickly because of the high stocking densities of commercially housed poultry.
For poultry health management to be effective a primary aim must be to prevent the onset of disease or parasites, to recognize at an early stage the presence of disease or parasites, and to treat all flocks that are diseased or infested with parasites as soon as possible and before they develop into a serious condition or spread to other flocks. To be able to do this it is necessary to know how to recognize that the birds are diseased, the action required for preventing or minimising disease and how to monitor for signs that the prevention program is working.
This Book Covers All This Topic
1. Diseases of Citrus 5-9
2. Diseases of Mango 10-16
3. Diseases of Banana 17-23
4. Diseases of Grapes 24-27
5. Diseases of Pomegranate and Papaya 28-32
6. Diseases of Guava 33-35
7. Diseases of Apple 36-43
8. Diseases of Chilli 44-51
9. Diseases of Brinjal 52-57
10. Diseases of Bhendi 58-61
11. Diseases of Potato 62-72
12. Diseases of Cucurbits 73-88
13. Diseases of Crucifers 89-109
14. Diseases of Tomato 110-120
15. Diseases of Beans 121-127
16. Diseases of Onion & Garlic 128-137
17. Diseases of Coconut and Oil palm 138-145
18. Diseases of Mulberry 146-148
19. Diseases of Betelvine 149-152
20. Diseases of Coffee 153-156
21. Diseases of Tea 157-159
22. Diseases of Rose 160-164
23. Diseases of Chrysanthemum 165-167
24. Diseases of Jasmine and Crossandra 168-169
25. Diseases of Crossandra
book by http://www.agrilearner.com
A serious and important disease that affects banana and got huge loss in its yield and growth. Some factors that are responsible for its cause and measures to eliminate this disease are briefly discussed.
Disease of-horticultural-crops-their-management like
Diseases of Citrus
Diseases of Mango
Diseases of Banana
Diseases of Grapes
disease of banana,apple,grape,guava,papaya.
all about papaya and its imp point ,its disease symptoms and its causal organism . different types of bacterial , virus, fungal and nematodes disease . some of the disease are explain in brief their management how to control them through mechanical ,chemical,physical. what are favourable condition all these are discuss in this ppt . hope this will help you.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
3. 1) Anthracnose
Causal organism:- Colletotrichum lagenarium
Symptoms:-
The disease attacks all above-ground parts of
cucumber, melon, and watermelon
First symptoms usually appear on older leaves as small
yellowish circular spots
In warm, wet weather all the leaves may be rapidly
attacked, giving the planting a "burned-out" appearance
Stems and petioles are also attacked, and light brown to
black streaks develop.
Circular, sunken, water-soaked spots develop on the
fruit. These spots turn dark green to brown.
6. Management
Preventive measures are important, including use of
good quality seed and crop rotation.
Chemical methods:-
Anthracnose control is difficult once the disease is
serious
The fungicides benomyl and chlorothalonil (Ortho
Multi-Purpose Fungicide Daconil 2787) help to
control the disease, but must be applied at the first
sign of disease or as a preventive.
7. Anthracnose fruting bodys Anthracnose facts
Seed born
Above Ground part infection
Spore splashes cause secondary Spred.
Resistant variety – Good method
Fungicides on sensitive varieties.
8. 2) Bacterial Wilt
Causal Organism:- Erwinia tracheiphila
Symptoms
The bacteria invade the vascular (water conducting)
tissues of cucumber and melon plants, causing a rapid
wilt of the plant.
Progressive wilting occurs, beginning with a single leaf
but soon including the entire plant
The bacterial wilt organism produces a sticky substance
in the vascular tissues that plugs them, preventing the
transport of water
The bacterial wilt organism produces a sticky substance
in the vascular tissues that plugs them, preventing the
transport of water
9. These droplets, after drying for several minutes, will
adhere to the skin if a finger is placed on the stem's cut
end and slowly removed
Fig:- Bacterial Wilt
10. Management :-
Mechanical Methods
Use resistance varieties.
Promptly pull up and destroy diseased plants
Begin control early, as cucumber beetles may
attack as soon as plants emerge from the soil.
Select less susceptible varieties.
Apply Admire at planting.
Foliar insecticides may be needed if beetle
counts are above 1 beetle/plant, wilt is
developing, and the variety is highly
susceptible.
11. 3)Powdery Mildew
Causal Organism:- Erysiphe cichoracearum
Symptoms:-
It is common on cucumber, melon, squash, pumpkin and
watermelon. Powdery white spots develop on the upper
surfaces of older leaves, usually beginning at mid-season or
later
During hot, dry weather the disease can progress rapidly,
and the upper surfaces of leaves may develop a white
powdery appearance
Severe powdery mildew causes the leaves to turn yellow
and wither.
Fruits are not infected, except for watermelon which is
occasionally infected, but fruits may be distorted or sun-
13. Favourable Condition
Less than 60% hot humidity is favourable.
Management:-
Chemical Treatment
Powdery mildew may be controlled with benomyl,
chlorothalonil (Ortho Multi-Purpose Fungicide
Daconil 2787), or dinocap (Karathane) fungicide
sprays.
Apply the first spray as soon as the disease appears
Latest chemicals:-Topase @1ml/1lit. Of water spray.
14. 4) Mosaic
Causal Organism:- Cucumber mosaic virus and
squash mosaic virus
Symptoms:-
Leaves are small and puckered, and plants become
severely stunted.
Cucumber mosaic is very common
In addition to the mosaic pattern the edges of the
leaves turn down, and the knobs on the fruits are light
yellow
15. The cucumber mosaic virus is transmitted from plant
to plant by several different kinds of aphids.
Cucumber mosaic is readily transmitted mechanically
on the hands of workers in the cucurbit patch and by
aphids.
16. Management :-
Cultural Control
Mosaic diseases are managed by using good quality
seed and by controlling aphids and cucumber beetles
throughout the season.
Use Mosaic disease resistance variety seed for
sowing.
Remove alternate host of aphids.
Do not plant cucurbits near woods, brushy areas, or
other areas that are weedy. Control all weeds,
especially perennial weeds
17. Chemical Control
Diazinon can be used for aphid and beetle control.
Carbaryl (Sevin) and methoxychlor will also provide
beetle control
Use care in applying insecticides to tender young
cucurbit plants, as they are easily injured
Also use of Immedachloprid-17.8%SL.@ 7 ml./10
lit.water.
Regent @ 7 ml./10 lit.water.
18. 5) Root knot Nematode
Casual Organism:-Meloidogyne spp.
Symptoms :- The root knot nematodes cause
sever galling on cucumber roots.
21. Management methods
Physical Methods:- The most important nematode pest
controlled by greenhouse steaming are root -knot
nematodes attacking cucumbers.
Chemical Methods :-Drill application of carbofuran at
1.5 kg a.i./ha below the seed level reduce the
incidence of Meloidogyne incognita in
cucumbitaceous.
Integrated Methods :- Combine inoculation of
AMFand Pseudomonas fluorescenshad had
possitiveeffect on root-knot nematode control on
cucumber(Jakobsen,1999).