Cubism was a highly influential early 20th century avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture. Cubist artists such as Picasso, Braque, Gris, and Gutfreund depicted subjects from multiple viewpoints rather than a single perspective, analyzing and reassembling objects into geometric fragments. This new approach emerged from influences like African tribal art and the post-Impressionist paintings of Cézanne and was a radical rejection of traditional perspective in favor of depicting the subject's essence. Cubism had a profound impact on subsequent artistic movements and continues to influence artists worldwide.