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CRYOGENIC ENGINE
the coolest hot engine
by
VOLETI AJAY KUMAR
THOTA VISWA CHAITANYA
CONTEXT
 What is cryogenic engine
 Law of action-reaction
 Components of cryogenic engine
 Design of cryogenic engine
 Engine start and cut-off
 Advantages & disadvantages cryogenic engine
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION & HISTORY
 Cryogenics is the study of production of very
low temperature nearly about ‘123K’ in which
the material’s behavior and properties are
studied.
 In 1963, United States of America was the first
country to develop the CRE.
 In 1987, first CRE was launched with human
in space.
Law of action-reaction
Main Components
 Turbo pump
 Gas turbine
 Combustion chamber
 Nozzle
Turbo pump
Gas turbine
 It is also called combustion turbine.
 Its main purpose is to supply power
to the compressor and turbo pump.
Combustion chamber
 Combustion chamber is the place
where the combustion of
propellants will takes place.
 The dimensions of the cylinder are
such that the propellant is able to
combust thoroughly.
Nozzle
CROGENIC ENGINE
THE COOLEST HOTENGINE
Engine design
To introduce propellant into the
combustion chamber, two principle
designs of LRE is used :
 Pressure-fed design
 Pump-fed design
Pressure-fed design
 In a pressure fed design, the
propellants are forced to the
combustion chamber by a pressure
gas which pressurises the tank.
Pump fed design
 In pressure fed design, the
propellant is forced to the
combustion chamber with the help
of a pump.
STAGED CYCLE:
Full Flow Staged Cycle Expander cycle
Working of engine
 TO START A LRE:
The following operations should be
performed:
a. Pressurizing the tank or vaporising
propellants
b. Starting of turbine ( if turbo pump is
applied)
c. Opening of main vents
d. Combustion ( with the pyrotechnic
initiator )
 ENGINE CUT-OFF :
Large engines can not be cut off only by
closing the main propellant valve.
It can be achieved by
 Redirecting it into a low pressure line
followed by closing the propellant valve.
 The pressure feed engines can be cut off by
propellant depletion.
 If the engine is pump feed, first the
propellant flow to the gas generator is
lowered.
Advantages
 Eco-friendly
 Non-toxic
 Non-corrosive
 Safer to handle & store
 High specific impulse
Disadvantages
 Low temperature
propellants – Complex to
store
 Need for ignition system
 Highly relative gases
 Leakage
ENGINE DESCRIPTION VIDEO
GSLV-D5 stages
Conclusion
 All the present programs are related to the
Cryogenic upper stages of launching vehicles.
 It is more efficient over conventional engines.
Any queries ???
THANK YOU

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Cryogenic engine design

  • 1. CRYOGENIC ENGINE the coolest hot engine by VOLETI AJAY KUMAR THOTA VISWA CHAITANYA
  • 2. CONTEXT  What is cryogenic engine  Law of action-reaction  Components of cryogenic engine  Design of cryogenic engine  Engine start and cut-off  Advantages & disadvantages cryogenic engine  Conclusion
  • 3. INTRODUCTION & HISTORY  Cryogenics is the study of production of very low temperature nearly about ‘123K’ in which the material’s behavior and properties are studied.  In 1963, United States of America was the first country to develop the CRE.  In 1987, first CRE was launched with human in space.
  • 5. Main Components  Turbo pump  Gas turbine  Combustion chamber  Nozzle
  • 7. Gas turbine  It is also called combustion turbine.  Its main purpose is to supply power to the compressor and turbo pump.
  • 8. Combustion chamber  Combustion chamber is the place where the combustion of propellants will takes place.  The dimensions of the cylinder are such that the propellant is able to combust thoroughly.
  • 11. Engine design To introduce propellant into the combustion chamber, two principle designs of LRE is used :  Pressure-fed design  Pump-fed design
  • 12. Pressure-fed design  In a pressure fed design, the propellants are forced to the combustion chamber by a pressure gas which pressurises the tank.
  • 13. Pump fed design  In pressure fed design, the propellant is forced to the combustion chamber with the help of a pump. STAGED CYCLE:
  • 14. Full Flow Staged Cycle Expander cycle
  • 15. Working of engine  TO START A LRE: The following operations should be performed: a. Pressurizing the tank or vaporising propellants b. Starting of turbine ( if turbo pump is applied) c. Opening of main vents d. Combustion ( with the pyrotechnic initiator )
  • 16.  ENGINE CUT-OFF : Large engines can not be cut off only by closing the main propellant valve. It can be achieved by  Redirecting it into a low pressure line followed by closing the propellant valve.  The pressure feed engines can be cut off by propellant depletion.  If the engine is pump feed, first the propellant flow to the gas generator is lowered.
  • 17. Advantages  Eco-friendly  Non-toxic  Non-corrosive  Safer to handle & store  High specific impulse Disadvantages  Low temperature propellants – Complex to store  Need for ignition system  Highly relative gases  Leakage
  • 20. Conclusion  All the present programs are related to the Cryogenic upper stages of launching vehicles.  It is more efficient over conventional engines.