This document discusses cryogenic rocket engines. It begins with an introduction to cryogenics and cryogenic fuels that can be used for rocket engines. It then discusses the history of rocketry development by Russia and the US. Current rockets use liquid-fueled cryogenic engines, with the first being the RL10 in the 1960s. Cryogenic engines use supercooled liquid fuels like liquid oxygen and hydrogen that provide high energy density. Key components include the combustion chamber, injectors, pumps, valves and tanks. Cryogenic fuels allow for compact fuel storage on rockets. While powerful, cryogenic engines also present challenges like leakage and embrittlement issues. In conclusion, cryogenic rocketry is important for space exploration due to

1. CRYOGENIC
ROCKET
ENGINE

2. INTRODUCTION
 What is Cryogenics?
 Cryogenic fuels can be used as rocket engine fuel.
 Cryogenic Engines are rocket motors.

3. HISTORY
 Space travel was mainly developed by the Russians and
the Americans. Russian’s were the first to reach into the
space.
 Solid-fuel rocket engines were the first engines created by
man.
 All the current Rockets run on Liquid-propellant rockets.
 The first operational cryogenic rocket engine RL10 rocket
engine.

4. SPACE PROPULSION SYSTEM
 Spacecraft propulsion is any method used
to accelerate spacecraft and artificial
satellites.
 Rocket Engines
 Interplanetary vehicles mostly use
chemical rockets as well.
 Cryogenic Engine is also in use.

5. Classification Of Space
Propulsion System

6. CRYOGENIC FUELS
 Cryogenic propellant - the fuel and the oxidizer
 super cooled gases -temperature lower than the freezing point.
 To store them is difficult task
 cooling and compressing them into liquids, we can vastly increase their
density and make it possible to store them in large quantities in smaller
tanks.
 Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, helium argon, neon, etc,
 Liquid oxygen being the oxidizer and liquid hydrogen being the fuel.
 Liquid oxygen boils at 297oF and liquid hydrogen boils at 423oF.

7. Components Of Cryogenic
Rocket Engine
 Thrust chamber or combustion chamber
 Igniter
 Fuel injector
 Fuel turbo-pumps
 Valves
 Regulators
 Fuel tanks
 Rocket engine
 Nozzle
Among them, the combustion chamber & the nozzle are the
main components of the rocket engine.

8. ROCKET ENGINE POWER CYCLES
1. Gas pressure feed system

9. 2. Gas-Generator Cycle

10. 3. Staged Combustion Cycle

11. COMBUSTION IN THRUST CHAMBER

13. Injector Plate

15. Testing Of Cryogenic
Rocket Engine

16. VULCAIN ENGINE

17. RL 10 Cryogenic CE 20 Cryogenic
Engine Engine

18. Advantages
 High Energy per unit mass
 Clean Fuels
 Economical

19. Disadvantages
 Highly reactive gases
 Leakage
 Hydrogen Embrittlement
 Zero Gravity Condition

20. CONCLUSION
• The area of Cryogenics in Cryogenic Rocket Engines is a
vast one.
• Developments in the field of Rocket Engineering.
• Cryo propelled rocket engines are having a great demand
in the field of space exploration.
• Due to the high specific impulse obtained during the
ignition of fuels they are of much demand.

21. THANK YOU
Any Questions..?