This document discusses cross flow filtration, which separates solids from fluids using a semipermeable membrane while preventing filter cake formation. Cross flow filtration maintains a constant filtration rate by keeping the process feed in a mobile slurry form suitable for further processing. It allows for relatively high solids loads to be operated continuously without blinding the filter. The document outlines the principles, advantages over dead-end filtration, techniques to improve it like backwashing, and applications in reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration such as water treatment, sterilization, dairy processing, and more.

1. CROSS FLOW FILTRATION
A Seminar On
Presented By:
ROHINI KUMAR LAD
Roll No:20150465
Department of Chemical Engineering
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere

2. Contents
• INTRODUCTION
• WHY CROSS FLOW FILTRATION ?
• CROSS FLOW FILTERS
• APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW
• REFERENCES

3. FILTRATION
Filtration is the process in which solids are separated
from a fluid by passing the suspension through a
membrane

4. Why Cross flow filtration?
•A higher overall liquid removal rate is achieved by
the prevention of filter cake formation
•Maintains constant filtration rates.
• Process feed remains in the form of a mobile slurry,
suitable for further processing
• Relatively high solids loads can be operated
continuously without blinding.

5. Dead end vs Cross Flow

6. flow filters
•Pore dimensions
•Pore size distributions
•Porosity
•Surface properties such as zeta potential
•Hydrophobic/ Hydrophilic character
•Membrane thickness
Features of cross flow filters:-

7. Techniques to improve
cross flow filtration
•Backwashing
•Clean-in-place (CIP)
•Concentration
•Diafiltration
•Process flow disruption
(PFD)

8. PRINCIPLES OF CROSS FILTRATION ARE
USED IN

9. 1.Reverse Osmosis
This is a water purification technology that uses a semipermeable
membrane
Applications
•Separating low molecular weight substances in solutions
•Concentrating and Cleaning wastewater
•Demineralization
2.Nano filtration
Used for the particles up to 1nm
Applications
•Fine chemistry and Pharmaceuticals
•Oil and Petroleum chemistry
•Bulk Chemistry
•Natural Essential Oils and similar products
•Medicine

10. 3.Ultra filtration
Used for the particles in the size range
from 103 to 106 Daltons
Applications
•Whey protein concentration
•Drinking water filtration
4.Micro Filtration
Used for the particles in the size range of 0.1-5μm
Applications
Water Treatment
Sterilisation
Petroleum Refining
Dairy Processing

11. Filtration Unit for industrial cross flow filtration
•Here the recycle pipework is
considerably larger than either the feed
pipework or the permeate pipework
• A dedicated pump is used to recycle the
feed several times around the unit
• These pipe sizes are directly related to
the proportion of liquid flows through the
unit

12. CONCLUSIONS
• Cross flow filtrations has been proved useful while handling viscous
streams and fluids with large feeds containing a high proportion of small
particle size solids (where the permeate is of most value) because solid
material can quickly block (blind) the filter surface with dead-end filtration.
• Also the process feed remains in the form of a mobile slurry, suitable for
further processing
• Solids content of the product slurry may be varied over a wide range

13. References
1. Smith J.C. McCabe W.L. Harriott P. Unit Operations of
Chemical Engineering . McGraw Hill (Fifth Edition)
2. Ramesh Bhave , Fermentation and Biochemical
Engineering Handbook, Chapter 7
3. J F Richardson, JM Coulson, JH Harker , JR
Backhurst(2002) Coulson and Richardson chemical
engineering (Volume2) (fifth edition)
4.Millipore tangential flow filtration
5.Sahan Ranamukhaarachchi, Lena Meissner, Christine
Moresoli,Ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, October 2012.
6.Microfiltration in Dairy Processing ,U Merin,G Daufin, May
1990.
7.Nanofiltration technology in water treatment and reuse,
Article in Water Science & Technology,February 2015.

14. THANK YOU