รายงานวิจัยฉบับสมบูรณ์
การประเมินผล การดูแลผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวานชนิดที่ 2 และความดันโลหิตสูง ของโรงพยาบาลในสังกัดกระทรวงสาธารณสุขและโรงพยาบาลในสังกัด กรุงเทพมหานคร ประจาปี 2555
An Assessment on Quality of Care among Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Visiting Hospitals of Ministry of Public Health and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration in Thailand, 2012
โดย พ.อ.ผศ.ดร.นพ.รามรังสนิธุ์และคณะ 16 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ.2555
รายงานวิจัยฉบับสมบูรณ์
การประเมินผล การดูแลผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวานชนิดที่ 2 และความดันโลหิตสูง ของโรงพยาบาลในสังกัดกระทรวงสาธารณสุขและโรงพยาบาลในสังกัด กรุงเทพมหานคร ประจาปี 2555
An Assessment on Quality of Care among Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Visiting Hospitals of Ministry of Public Health and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration in Thailand, 2012
โดย พ.อ.ผศ.ดร.นพ.รามรังสนิธุ์และคณะ 16 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ.2555
1. Alcohol abuse is a common cause of seizures, accounting for 82% of trauma-related seizures and 73% of adult-onset seizures in the author's practice.
2. Alcohol withdrawal can cause seizures due to changes in GABA receptor sensitivity and membrane properties as alcohol potentiates the effects of GABA.
3. Differential diagnoses for seizures in alcohol-dependent patients include withdrawal from other substances, pre-existing epilepsy, acute intoxication or poisoning, metabolic disorders, infections, structural abnormalities, and non-compliance with anti-seizure medications.
This document discusses alcohol pharmacology and the effects of alcohol on the body. It begins with defining key terms like pharmacology, alcohol, and fermentation. It then outlines the physical effects of alcohol at different blood alcohol concentration levels. Various sections summarize the metabolism of alcohol in the liver, short and long term central nervous system and other organ effects, and the development of alcohol dependence. Tables show the percentages of students at Longwood University who report alcohol use and the citations used are listed at the end.
1) Alcohol is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed throughout total body water, reaching peak blood levels around 30 minutes after ingestion when the stomach is empty.
2) Metabolism of alcohol occurs mainly in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), accounting for 90-98% of ingested alcohol.
3) Acute alcohol intoxication can impair judgment and motor control at blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) of 20-30 mg/dL and cause gross intoxication over 50 mg/dL, presenting risks such as blackouts, vomiting, and aggression that require medical monitoring.
This document discusses alcohols, including ethanol and methanol. It covers the pharmacology of alcohol including its mechanisms of action in the body, metabolism, effects of acute and chronic consumption, toxicity, and treatment of alcoholism. Specifically, it describes how alcohol is absorbed and distributed in the body, metabolized primarily in the liver, and can cause intoxication, organ damage, and diseases with heavy long-term use such as cirrhosis and fetal alcohol syndrome.
Alcohol is a major public health concern, contributing to over 2.5 million deaths per year globally. It has a long history of use dating back thousands of years. Alcohol dependence is characterized by impaired control over drinking and continued use despite consequences. Treatment involves managing withdrawal, brief interventions, rehabilitation programs, medications, and counseling. Physicians play an important role in identifying alcoholism and guiding treatment.
Alcohol addiction is a growing problem that can seriously impact health and relationships. Drinking is common at social events but can damage the body, such as the heart, liver, and brain, and cause issues like cancer or cirrhosis. Alcohol abuse puts people at risk for car accidents, domestic violence, and fetal alcohol syndrome, and children of alcoholics are more likely to experience abuse and neglect. While some drink to relax or have fun, it is important to understand the consequences of alcohol and make responsible choices.
The document discusses the reasons why people both choose to drink alcohol and choose to abstain. It then provides information on how alcohol passes through the body and is processed by the liver. Several factors that can influence how alcohol affects individuals are outlined, including body weight, food consumption, amount consumed, and expectations. Common effects of alcohol are listed, such as lowered inhibitions, impaired thinking and physical skills, diseases, tolerance, changes in body temperature, and hangovers. Treatment options for alcoholism are also briefly discussed.
แนวทางการจัดการความเสี่ยงที่ส่งผลต่อต้นทุนการจัดการสินค้าคงคลัง
ของร้านขายยา CDE ในจังหวัดขอนแก่น
The Approach of Risk Management that Affecting the
Inventory Management Cost of CDE Drugstore in Khonkaen Province
Best Practice in Communication
ราชวิทยาลัยกุมารแพทย์แห่งประเทศไทย สมาคมกุมารแพทย์แห่งประเทศไทย
บรรณาธิการ วินัดดา ปิยะศิลป์ วันดี นิงสานนท์
ISBN 978-616-91972-1-8
Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoeaUtai Sukviwatsirikul
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and adults based on 21 randomized controlled trials involving 4780 participants. The administration of S. boulardii compared to placebo or no treatment reduced the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea from 18.7% to 8.5%. S. boulardii was effective in reducing the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in both children and adults. It also reduced the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in children but not adults. Overall, the results confirm that S. boulardii is effective for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and adults.
This document provides information on drugs used to treat acute diarrhea. It begins with definitions of diarrhea from WHO. It then discusses estimates of child mortality due to diarrhea in Thailand from 2010 to 2012. It presents data on the age distribution of diarrhea cases and hospital admissions. It lists common bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens that cause childhood diarrhea. It discusses the pathogenesis of acute diarrhea and describes fluid and electrolyte losses and consequences of dehydration and nutritional deficits. It provides details on fluid and electrolyte composition of diarrheal stool from different pathogens. It outlines the objectives of diarrhea treatment and causes of death. It then discusses use of oral rehydration therapy and solutions. It recommends probiotics, continued feeding, and zinc supplementation. It
Systematic review with meta-analysis: Saccharomyces boulardii in the preventi...Utai Sukviwatsirikul
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and adults based on 21 randomized controlled trials involving 4780 participants. The administration of S. boulardii compared to placebo or no treatment reduced the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea from 18.7% to 8.5%. S. boulardii was effective in reducing the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in both children and adults. It also reduced the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in children. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate to low based on limitations in the design and reporting of the included studies. This meta-analysis confirms the effectiveness of
Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea ...Utai Sukviwatsirikul
Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated
diarrhoea in children: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled
trial
M. KOTOWSKA, P. ALBRECHT & H. SZAJEWSKA
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Accepted for publication 24 November 2004
5. คะแนนลักษณะการดื่ม
(Pattern of Drinking Score)
Drinking Patterns
Mostly risky drinking pattern
Least risky drinking pattern
Data not available/applicable
WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2010
12. DALY: Disability-Adjusted Life Years
หน่วยวัดที่รวมปัญหาจากการตายก่อนวัยอันควร กับ การอยู่อย่างทุพลภาพ
Death/Life expectancy
death
80 yr
Years lost due to
premature death (YLLs)
40 yr
Years lived with disability
(YLDs)
20 yr
ill
birth
DALY =YLL +YLD
0 yr
64. แนวทางการให้ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการดื่มสุรา
1. การสะท้อนผลคัดกรองให้ผู้ป่วย
Feedback about the Results of the Screening Test
2. การให้ความรู้ผู้ป่วยเรื่องการดื่มแบบมีความเสี่ยงต่ําและความเสี่ยงที่
เพิ่มขึ้นหากดื่มเกินระดับ Educate Patients about Low-Risk
Levels and the Hazards of Exceeding them
3. แสดงความชื่นชมหากผู้ป่วยดื่มในระดับเสี่ยงต่ําตามข้อแนะนํา
Congratulate Patients for their Adherence to the Guideline
WHO 2001
92. ระบาดวิทยาของภาวะโรคร่วม: ECA STUDY
Psychiatric
Disorders
Individual with alcohol dependence
MEN
WOMEN
%
OR
%
OR
Anxiety
35.8
2.2**
60.7
3.1
Mood
28.1
3.2**
53.5
4.4**
Drug Depen.
29.5
9.8**
34.7
15.8**
Antisocial PD
16.9
8.3**
7.8
17.0**
**Odd ratio sig. different from 1 at .05, 2 tail test
Kessler et al., 1997