A student filed a complaint against a school for retaining the full fees after he decided not to pursue his studies there. The consumer disputes forum ruled in favor of the student, stating that educational institutions cannot behave like commercial businesses with a profit motive. The school was ordered to refund the admission fee to the student after deducting administrative and processing charges only, as there was no justification for retaining substantial fees once the student decided not to study there. The forum observed that schools are meant for education, not business.
A PRESENTATION ON COMPETITION ACT, 2002 WITH RECENT AMENDEMENTS. PRESENTED BY MADHUSUDAN NARAYA, STUDENT OF MBA AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DUGAPUR, WEST BENGAL.
THIS TOPIC IS NECESSARY FOR MARKETING PEOPLE AND THE SLIDE CONTAINS THE CASES ALSO !!
The FEMA (1999) or in short FEMA has been introduced as a replacement for earlier Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA)
FEMA came into act on the 1st day of June,2000
49 sections in the Act.
In this, you will learn about the competition act, its feature and some cases on competition act,2002.
I hope, this presentation will help you in your work or helps you to enhance your knowledge.
This is and Corporate Law topic which I have covered.
A PRESENTATION ON COMPETITION ACT, 2002 WITH RECENT AMENDEMENTS. PRESENTED BY MADHUSUDAN NARAYA, STUDENT OF MBA AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DUGAPUR, WEST BENGAL.
THIS TOPIC IS NECESSARY FOR MARKETING PEOPLE AND THE SLIDE CONTAINS THE CASES ALSO !!
The FEMA (1999) or in short FEMA has been introduced as a replacement for earlier Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA)
FEMA came into act on the 1st day of June,2000
49 sections in the Act.
In this, you will learn about the competition act, its feature and some cases on competition act,2002.
I hope, this presentation will help you in your work or helps you to enhance your knowledge.
This is and Corporate Law topic which I have covered.
this slid is regarding Indian consumer protection of 1986. it will be useful for students who are doing MBA PGDM and graduation in commerce and management
By spelling out the rights and remedies of the consumers in a market so far dominated by organized manufacturers and traders of goods and providers of various types of services, the Act makes buyer beware a thing of the past.
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT, 1986
It aims at providing better protection of the interests of the consumers.
Act applies to whole of India except Jammu and Kashmir.
The Act applies to all goods and services unless expressly exempted by the Central Government by notification.
“NEED FOR CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
IN AN ERA OF FREE COMPETITION
WHERE CONSUMER IS THE KING
THEREFORE, KING NEED PROTECTION”
1. Introduction
2. Problems Faced By Consumers
3. Evolution Of Consumer Protection Rights In India
4. Consumer Protection Act - 1986
5. Consumer
6. International Scenario
7. Rights Of A Consumer/ Objectives Of The Act
8. Complaint
9. Procedure Of Filing A Complaint
10.Forums
11. “Jago Grahak Jago” Scheme Of Govt. Of India
12. Consumer Guidance Society Of India (CGSI)
13. Statistical Data
14. Comparison Of Consumer Protection Act In India and Brazil
15. Case Studies
16. Recommendations
17. Conclusion
18. Webliography
An Act to provide for better protection of the interests of consumers and for that purpose to make provision for the establishment of consumer councils and other authorities for the settlement of consumers' disputes and for matters connected therewith.
Akosha.com is online consumer forum which help consumers to resolve their complaints.
The Consumer Protection Act,1986 (COPRA) was an Act by the Parliament of India elected to protect the interests of consumers in India.It was replaced by the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. It was made for the establishment of consumer councils and other authorities for the settlement of consumer's grievances and matters connected with it. The act was passed in Assembly in October 1986 and came into force on December 24, 1986. The statute on the right was made before this COPRA act 1986.
Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies
Main article: Consumer Court
District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (DCDRC): Also known as the "District Commission" established by the State Government in each district of the State. The State Governments may establish more than one District Forum in a district. It is a district-level court that deals with cases valuing up to ₹10 million (US$130,000).[2][3]
State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (SCDRC): Also known as the "State Commission" established by the State Government in the State. It is a state-level court that takes up cases valuing less than ₹100 million (US$1.3 million)[2][3]
National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC): Established by the Central Government. It deals with matters of more than ₹100 million.[3]
Objectives of the central council
The objectives of the Central Council are to promote and protect the rights of the consumers such as:-
The right to be protected against the marketing of goods and services which are hazardous to life and property.
The right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity, standard and price of goods or services, as the case may be to protect the consumer against unfair trade practices;
The right to be assured, wherever possible, access to a variety of goods and services at competitive prices ;
The right to be heard and to be assured that consumer's interest will receive due consideration at appropriate forums;
The right to seek redressal against unfair trade practices or restrictive trade practices or unscrupulous exploitation of consumers
The right to consumer education.
The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, is one of the significant socio-economic legislation
which has been enacted for protecting the interests of the consumers in India. This
is preventive and compensative in nature. The Act is intended to provide simple, speedy
and inexpensive redressal to the consumers’ grievances, and relief of a specific nature
and award of compensation. Consumerism is fast emerging as an environmental force
affecting important business decisions as consumers become more aware about their
rights. Although comprehensive statutory measures have been provided in India for
curbing unfair business practices, for protecting consumer interest, and for promoting
consumerism; companies have yet to do a lot. This paper is a study on role of Consumer
Protection Act in banking sector and researchers tried to explain that how it affects
the major decisions of the firm.
A study of consumer protection act, 1986 in Banking SectorTapasya123
The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, is one of the significant socio-economic legislation
which has been enacted for protecting the interests of the consumers in India. This
is preventive and compensative in nature. The Act is intended to provide simple, speedy
and inexpensive redressal to the consumers’ grievances, and relief of a specific nature
and award of compensation. Consumerism is fast emerging as an environmental force
affecting important business decisions as consumers become more aware about their
rights. Although comprehensive statutory measures have been provided in India for
curbing unfair business practices, for protecting consumer interest, and for promoting
consumerism; companies have yet to do a lot. This paper is a study on role of Consumer
Protection Act in banking sector and researchers tried to explain that how it affects
the major decisions of the firm.
This model is one of the most used mode in the industry to align the Business with IT.
This helps to have an strategic edge over the competitor and see how and what function are affecting each other. Along with knowing that which is the core function that is driving the business.
One of the most successful entrepreneur of India.
Owner of CCD which a lot famous among teenagers for its awesome coffee.
Favorite hangout place for most of the teenagers with lovely ambiance and services.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. To know what this act is about, we should first know
•Who is a CONSUMER?
•What are GOODS?
•What are SERVICES?
Consumer Awareness:
It is about making the consumer aware of his/her rights.
Ankit Gupta
3. The Act enshrines all the consumer(s) rights
which are internationally accepted.
The Act was introduced to
give the rules and regulations
regarding consumer welfare
the form of a law.
Ankit Gupta
4. Right to Safety
Right to Information
Right to Choose
Right to be Heard
Right to Seek Redressal
Right to Consumer Education
Ankit Gupta
5. The Consumer Protection Act 1986 is a social welfare legislation
The main object of the legislature in the enactment of this act is:
To provide for the better protection of the interests of the
consumer
To make provisions for establishment of consumer councils
and other authorities for settlement of consumer disputes and
matter.
This Act of 1986, applies to all goods and services, excluding
goods for resale or for commercial purpose and services rendered
free of charge and under a contract for personal service.
Akansha Awasthi
6. Quasi judicial machinery:
Observe the principles of natural justice
Give reliefs
Impose penalties
The main object of these bodies is to provide speedy and
simple redressal to consumer disputes.
Akansha Awasthi
7. Complaint:
No stamp or court fee is needed.
A complaint can be hand written or typed.
Admitted if it is filed within two years from the date on which the
cause of action has arisen.
According to Three Tier System it is decided in which commission or
forum the hearing of case will be.
Aaruni Shukla
8. Jurisdiction under Consumer Protection Act 1986
Consumer Courts: A three-tier-system
A. National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission:
claims above Rs. 20 lakh.
B. Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission or State
Commission: Claims from Rs 5 to 20 lakh.
C. Consumer Dispute Redressal Forum or District
Forum: Claims upto Rs 5 Lakh
Aaruni Shukla
9. When can a consumer can launch a complain or What should be
the nature of complaint?
a) Any unfair trade practice adopted by the trader
b) Defective goods
c) Deficiency in service
d) Excess price charged by the trader
e) Unlawful goods sale, which is hazardous to life and safety when
used.
Abhishek Pachisia
10. Format of complaint:
Complaint are addressed to ICRPC (by post / courier) duly signed.
State date wise facts in the following format: (complaints by e-
mail not accepted)
Page one: Name, Address, Residence telephone, E-mail
address (Mandatory).
Membership fee of Rs. 300 or transaction number if paid online.
Page two: Full name, registered address of the Opposite
Parties, telephone no’s, fax number and e-mail address.
Abhishek Pachisia
11. Page three onwards: Complaint with date wise facts, refer to the
page numbers of the attached documents where ever required.
RELIEF: On the last page, mention what relief that you are
looking for against
Enclose: Only one set of Xerox copies of supporting documents.
(Which are disposed off and the documents after
discarded 6 months).
Enclose: One year membership subscription of Rs. 300 by draft in
favour of "ICRPC" payable at "Mumbai”.
Online payment: Send a request e-mail for online payment
procedure to payment@consumergrievance.com.
Abhishek Pachisia
12. Class actions
CPA Section 2 (1) (b) - filing of a complaint
by a consumer, any voluntary consumer association
Registered under companies Act 1956 or under any
other law.
In case of death of a consumer , his legal representative
may ,make a complaint.
Penalty under Section 27 CPA
A trader or the complainant fails to comply with an order made by
the relevant consumer forum is liable for punishment(s):
Imprisonment- 1 month to 3 Yrs.
Fine – Rs.2000- to Rs.10,000-
Vishal Kumar
13. What can be the nature of relief granted to a consumer?
a) Repair of defective goods.
b) Replacement of defective goods.
c) Refund of the price paid for the defective goods or service.
d) Removal of deficiency in service.
e) Refund of extra money charged.
f) Withdrawal of goods hazardous to life and safety.
g) Compensation for the loss or injury suffered by the consumer
due to negligence of the opposite party.
h) Adequate cost of filing and pursuing the complaint
o In 90 days complaint should be decided from issuing date.
o 150 days in case of sample testing.
o Time limit can be extended due to practical problems.
Vishal Kumar
14. The salient features of the Act are:
It covers all the sectors whether private, public, and cooperative
or any person.
It enshrines the rights of consumers.
The Act also takes care of establishment of Consumer Protection
Councils.
The Act envisages a three-tier quasi-judicial machinery.
Ankit Baliyan
15.
16. Reebok dealer ordered to pay compensation
(Reebok Dealer vs Harpreet Kanwar )
July 13,2009
CHANDIGARH: Consumer Court has ordered a Reebok shoe dealer to pay
Rs 5, 000 as compensation to Harpreet Kanwar for not entertaining her
request to change her shoes, which were of smaller size even after a long wait
of eight months, she claimed.
It is notable that Harpreet, a residence of Sector 44, purchased one pair of
shoes of particular design and size UK 9 from Reebok Outlet on July 7 in 2008
but when she opened the shoe box, the pair of shoes which she had purchased
was not found therein and instead a wrong size of pair of shoes.
This girl reported this to the manager of the outlet, who asked her to visit the
outlet on July 22 to exchange it. The complainant had visited the showroom a
number of times to exchange the shoes but he failed to do the same and every
time took an excuse of non-availability of stock. Moreover, he also did not
issue any exchange slip.
Amriteshwar Pratap Singh
17. When the dealer delayed the matter for about eight months, the complainant filed
a complaint against him in Consumer Court on March 6 this year. This is admitted
by the dealer that the complainant had visited his premises three to four times but
she could not be given the exact pair due to the unavailability of the stock.
However, she was also requested to get back the money of Rs 1,797, the price of the
shoe pair, which she refused flatly.
It is also claimed that the complainant had purchased the shoes for her morning
walks and physical exercise to keep her physically fit but due to the careless delay
of the showroom manager, she could not do so as a result her weight increased
and her health deteriorated, which caused her great mentally and physically
harassment.
After hearing the both sides of the argument, the Consumer Court directed the
trader to refund the amount of Rs1,794, the price of the shoes and also pay to the
complainant a sum of Rs5,000 as compensation within 30 days of receipt of a copy
of the order, failing which the entire amount will carry interest at the rate of 12 per
cent per annum since the date of filing of the case. The dealer would also be liable
to pay the litigation cost of Rs 1,100.
Amriteshwar Pratap Singh
18. School gets rap for retaining fee
TNN, Nov 29, 2010, 12.50am IST
CHANDIGARH: Terming the act of KBDAV School, Sector
7, Chandigarh, unjustified in retaining the total fees of a student who had decided
not to pursue his studies at the institute, UT district consumer disputes reprisal
forum directed it to refund the admission fee after deducting administrative
charges and processing charges.
The forum observed, "In our opinion, educational schools or institutions cannot
be permitted to behave like business establishments that work with a profit
motive. The respondent school is an education institution/school and cannot act
like a commercial establishment and there is no justification on the part of the
respondent in retaining the substantial fees paid by a student, who decides not to
pursue his/her studies in the said school/institution."
Complainant Ainesh Chandra, who had field an application through his father
Arun Chandra, a resident of Nayagaon, alleged that he took admission in Class VI
in the school for the session 2010-11 and deposited admission fee of Rs 15,900 on
February 17 this year.
Akash Sharama
19. He was told that classes would start on April 7. He also appeared in the test for
admission at St John’s School, Sector 26, Chandigarh, the result of which was
declared on March 25 and he was successful.
After considering his options, he decided to take admission in St John?s School
and deposited a fee of Rs 11,135. Thereafter, he surrendered the seat in the
respondent school before the start of the classes and sought a refund. He
contacted DAV a number of times and on May 12, they handed over a cheque for
Rs 3,000 against the deposit of Rs 15,900.
In their written reply, the respondent stated that the deposit of fee was towards
admission and tuition fee for three months, which was non-refundable in view of
rules mentioned on page 30 of the school diary.
Further, the rules regarding non-refund of fees and other charges were duly
displayed on the notice board, which were never challenged by the complainant.
It was pleaded by the respondent that caution money of Rs 3,000 was refunded to
the complainant after making deductions according to school rules.
Akash Sharama
20. The consumer forum stated that in its view, the respondents could deduct some
amount towards processing fee and administrative charges and the balance
amount should be refunded.
"Therefore, we are of the view that the respondent was unjustified in its act by
retaining the total fees of Rs 15,900 of the complainant. The respondents should
have, at the most, deducted a sum of Rs 1,000 only, towards processing fee and
administrative charges, which they have incurred at the time of admission of the
complainant," the forum stated.
The forum directed the respondent to refund Rs 11,900 (after deducting Rs 1,000
as service/processing/administrative charges and Rs 3000 which has already
been refunded to the complainant) along with litigation costs of Rs 5,500.
Akash Sharama