Land, water, forests, and soil are among India's most important natural resources.
Land resources in India account for approximately 1.3 million square miles and are varied, consisting of 43% plains, 30% mountains, and 27% plateaus. Agriculture is a major use of land resources in India, as India is one of the world's largest producers of many agricultural goods. Soil is another vital resource that requires protection from erosion through practices like maintaining vegetation cover, crop rotation, and terracing. Water is equally essential, being used for agriculture, drinking, washing, transportation, recreation and other purposes. Forests cover around 24% of India's land area and also provide an important natural resource.
Environmental science Module 1 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.
Environmental science Module 1 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.
Land resources (forest and minerals) & biodiversityankitaki02
this presentation includes all the different aspects of land resources with their different types including forest and mineral resources and apart from this the presentation also contains a vivid description of biodiversity with their benefits and a clip showing threats to this and their impact on environment.
Land resources (forest and minerals) & biodiversityankitaki02
this presentation includes all the different aspects of land resources with their different types including forest and mineral resources and apart from this the presentation also contains a vivid description of biodiversity with their benefits and a clip showing threats to this and their impact on environment.
Minerals provide the material used to make most of the things of industrial- based society; roads, cars, computers, fertilizers, etc. Demand for minerals is increasing world wide as the population increases and the consumption demands of individual people increase. The mining of earth’s natural resources is, therefore accelerating, and it has accompanying environmental consequences.
This Presentation is For Students of Class 10th CBSE Board. This Presentation is on Natural Resources. The Main Topics of this Presentation Are Renewable and Non Renewable Source, Solar Energy, Wind, Forests and Fuel.
SOIL EROSION AND CONSERVATION Copy.pptxDAMINI SAHA
It is my very fast ppt presentation. I gathered all the information from internet. Hope this will helps you to understand the whole topic in simple manner.
This is a PowerPoint Presentation based on Chapter-2, NCERT Geography book (Resources and Development) of Class 8. It consists of descriptions, importance and many characteristics related to land, landslides, soil, weathering, methods of soil conservation, water, natural vegetation, wildlife, ecosystem and much more.
The entire country was fully analysed and mapped for identifying the wastelands. Among all the states, the districts which have more than 15% area under wasteland were identified for detailed mapping. In order to assess the nature and propose of rejuvenating the wastelands, a common classification system has been adopted.
8th Std 2. Land,Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.Navya Rai
8th Std Social Science - Geography- Chapter 2. Land,Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.
Land is among the most important natural resources.
It covers only about thirty per cent of the total area of the earth’s surface and all parts of this small percentage are not habitable.
The uneven distribution of population in different parts of the world is mainly due to varied characteristics of land and climate.
The rugged topography, steep slopes of the mountains, low-lying areas susceptible to water logging, desert areas, thick forested areas are normally sparsely populated or uninhabited. Plains and river valleys offer suitable land for agriculture. Hence, these are the densely populated areas of the world.
Natural Resources
Renewable and non-renewable resources
Forest Resources
Water Resources
Mineral Resources
Food Resources
Energy Resources
Land Resources
Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
3. What are Land Resources ??
In the direct words ‘Natural resource in the
form of arable land.’
Land is among the most important natural
resources. It covers up only 29% of the earth’s
surface and all parts of the land are not habitable.
The uneven distribution of population in different
parts of the world is mainly due to varied
characteristics of land and climate.
4. Land resources in India
• Land Resources in India
enclose approximately 1.3
million sq. miles and is a cape,
protruding into the
Indian Ocean, in between the
Bay of Bengal on the east and
Arabian Sea on the west.
Indian land resources are
segmented into varied relief
features, 43% of land area is
plain region; Indian mountain
region constitutes 30% of the
area, where as plateaus
account for 27 % of the total
surface area on the nation.
7. Pastures & Grazing lands
• According to the National Sample
Survey Organisation, common
property land resources constitute
about 15% of the total geographical
area of India, of which 23% is
community pasture and grazing lands
and 16% have been classified as
village forests and woodlots.
• At another level, India has the largest
livestock population in the world, with
485 million head of livestock, many of
them raised by small and marginal
farmers who depend on grazing land
to meet the fodder requirements of
their animals.
• As the population of both animals and
humans rises, there will be a
proportional increase in competition for
food to feed humans, bringing
agriculture and livestock production
into direct conflict.
8. Forests in India
As of 2010, the Food and
Agriculture Organisation of the
United Nations estimates India's
forest cover to be about 68 million
hectares, or 24% of the country's
area.The 2013 Forest Survey of
India states its forest cover
increased to 69.8 million hectares by
2012, per satellite measurements;
this represents an increase of 5,871
square kilometers of forest cover in
2 years. However, the gains were
primarily in northern, central and
southern Indian states, while
northeastern states witnessed a net
loss in forest cover over 2010 to
2012.
10. Agriculture in India
As Per the 2010 FAO world agriculture statistics, India is the world's
largest producer of many fresh fruits and vegetables, milk, majorspices,
select fresh meats, select fibrous crops such as jute, several staples
such as millets and castor oil seed. India is the second largest
producer of wheat and rice, the world's major food staples. India is also
the world's second or third largest producer of several dry fruits,
agriculture-based textile raw materials, roots and tuber crops, pulses,
farmed fish, eggs, coconut, sugarcane and numerous vegetables. India
ranked within the world's five largest producers of over 80% of
agricultural produce items, including many cash crops such as coffee
and cotton, in 2010. India is also one of the world's five largest
producers of livestock and poultry meat, with one of the fastest growth
rates, as of 2011.
11. Grain Production in India
• One report from 2008 claimed India's
population is growing faster than its
ability to produce rice and wheat.[7]
Other recent studies claim India can
easily feed its growing population, plus
produce wheat and rice for global
exports, if it can reduce food staple
spoilage, improve its infrastructure and
raise its farm productivity to those
achieved by other developing
countries such as Brazil and China.
• India exported around 2 million metric
tonnes of wheat and 2.1 million metric
tonnes of rice in 2011 to Africa, Nepal,
Bangladesh and other regions around
the world.
12. SOIL....as a resource
• The soil consists of a mixture of
solid particles, water and air. Solid
particles can be inorganic or
organic. The inorganic parts are
mainly minerals: silicates, oxides
and hydroxides of iron, aluminium,
manganese, etc. that, according to
their dimension, are classified in
skeleton and fine earth, which are
then divided into sand, slime and
clay.
• Water and air occupy the free
spaces between solid particles
(pores), and form a thick and
extended network that allows
water to move in the ground..
13. Soil Structure
• When the soil is not removed, the so-
called mature soil develops.
Paedogenesis is the name of the
process that leads to its creation.
A mature soil is characterized by a
series of layers, called horizons, which
differ according to the soil structure
and the composition of organic and
inorganic parts.
The layers create the soil profile:
• Horizon A: rich in organic
components, but lacks clay particles.
Clay particles are transported by the
water to the underneath horizons.
Horizon B: lacks organic material, but
is rich in clay particles.
Horizon C: has particles of real soil
and fragments of rock that have not
been changed yet. More deeply,
unchanged rocks can be found.
14. Soil Erosion…
• Soil erosion is a naturally occurring
process that affects all landforms.
In agriculture, soil erosion refers to
the wearing away of a field's topsoil
by the natural physical forces of
water.
• Erosion, whether it is by water,
wind or tillage, involves three
distinct actions – soil detachment,
movement and deposition. Topsoil,
which is high in organic matter,
fertility and soil life, is relocated
elsewhere "on-site" where it builds
up over time or is carried "off-site"
where it fills in drainage channels.
15. Causes of Erosion
The main cause of soil erosion is the removal of vegetation. Vegetation removal takes
place due to removal of forest covers. Unscientific farming has also led to barren lands.
The removal of vegetation exposes the topsoil to water and wind. Water and wind cause
the topsoil to be removed.
Water Erosion: Removal of topsoil by water is called water erosion. It takes place in the following ways:
• Sheet erosion
•Rill erosion
•Gully erosion
•Riparian erosion
•Wind erosion
Sheet Erosion
The removal of the entire topsoil as a result of heavy rains is called sheet erosion.
Rill Erosion
Runoff water moves across the soil forming small streams. The topsoil is removed only in these rills formed by the
water streams.
Gully Erosion
Deep depressions called the gullies are formed by swiftly moving waters causing soil erosion by them.
Riparian Erosion
The banks of rivers lose top soil due to the action of the fast moving rivers waters. These waters remove the underlying
soil and this results in the loss of topsoil.
16. Prevention & Control of Soil
Erosion
Increase of Vegetation
•When the land is covered with vegetation, the roots of the plants and trees interlock and interlace to
bind the soil particles. This helps in two ways:
•does not allow the soil particles to be carried away by wind or water
•does not allow free flow of water over the soil which prevent erosion of soil by flowing water
•the falling leaves of the plants get converted to humus by decomposing action of the soil microbes.
This enriches the soil.
•Several methods can be employed to increase the vegetation cover of land. Some of them are as
follows:
Crop Rotation
The practice of growing different crops at different times on the same land is called crop rotation. This
keeps the topsoil covered with vegetation. Rotation of cereal crops with legumes also keeps the soil
enriched with nitrogen (from the legumes).
Reforestation
Slopes are more subject to soil erosion by running water. Growing trees on lands which have lost
their vegetation is called reforestation. Trees like Albizia, Cassia, Butia, etc. are suitable for this.
17. ……cont
• Strip Cropping
It involves growing of crops in strips. The most common method followed is the contour
farming where the strips of crop are at right angles to the slope. Wind-strip cropping is
when the strips of crop are place at right angles to the direction of wind.
• Restoring Soil Fertility
Fertile soil supports vegetation. Loss of fertility results in loss of vegetation and this
exposes the land to erosion. Fertility of soil can be increased by addition of natural
and synthetic fertilizers.
• Control of Grazing
Covering the land with small plants and grasses helps the topsoil to remain in place as
the roots of these plants bind with the soil particles. Cattle graze on these plants and
expose the topsoil Thus, grazing should be allowed only on the land meant for the
purpose and other areas should be protected from grazing.
• Terracing
Fields are cut at right angles to the slope. This slows down the flowing water and allows it
to irrigate the crops, as well.
• Dam Building
With the dams the speed and amount of water flowing can be controlled. This will control
the soil erosion of the river banks.
• Wind Breakers
Trees are planted across the wind direction to protect against the high velocity winds.
These rows of trees are called shelter belts or wind breakers
18. Water…as resource
Water is a transparent fluid which forms the
world's streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and
is the major constituent of the fluids of living
things. As a chemical compound, a
water molecule contains one oxygen and two
hydrogen atoms that are connected by
covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at
standard ambient temperature and pressure,
but it often co-exists on Earth with
its solid state, ice;
and gaseous state,steam (water vapor). It
also exists as snow, fog, dew and cloud.
19. Human uses of Water
• Agriculture
• Drinking
• Washing
• Transportation
• Recreation
• Chemical use
• Heat exchange
• Fire extinction
• Food processing