Smart meters are advanced electric meters that allow two-way communication between the utility and customers. They provide benefits like more accurate billing, outage detection, and potential cost savings through time-based pricing programs. However, some are concerned about the health effects of the radiofrequency radiation emitted by smart meters and their mesh networks. Opponents argue that smart meters increase overall radiation exposure and fossil fuel usage compared to traditional analog meters. The World Health Organization has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans based on some evidence of increased cancer risk from cell phone use.
Smart Meter's are a part of Smart Grid,which display the consumption of electricity to end use customer as well as communicate to the utility side for demand side management.
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
SMART METERS are used for accurate billing and meter readings and sending energy consumption directly to the energy supplier.
In early days, the M2M apps were mostly centered on the automotive and transport sectors and were commercial in nature. As the technology developed, applications in other sectors, such as health, agriculture and energy, also became prominent. However, their usage was more concentrated in the developed nations.
In time to come, M2M apps will dominate all sectors and include banking and real estate.
An advanced meters which performs smart functions to simplify the billing procedure and to modernize the grids which can be very helpful to the electricity providers and consumers in future. These meters simplifies the tampering and other non technical problems and also offers accurate electricity bills to consumers which avoids paying of high electricity bills.
Smart Meter's are a part of Smart Grid,which display the consumption of electricity to end use customer as well as communicate to the utility side for demand side management.
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
SMART METERS are used for accurate billing and meter readings and sending energy consumption directly to the energy supplier.
In early days, the M2M apps were mostly centered on the automotive and transport sectors and were commercial in nature. As the technology developed, applications in other sectors, such as health, agriculture and energy, also became prominent. However, their usage was more concentrated in the developed nations.
In time to come, M2M apps will dominate all sectors and include banking and real estate.
An advanced meters which performs smart functions to simplify the billing procedure and to modernize the grids which can be very helpful to the electricity providers and consumers in future. These meters simplifies the tampering and other non technical problems and also offers accurate electricity bills to consumers which avoids paying of high electricity bills.
this slide shows what is smart grid ,its comparison between the electromechanical grids . smart meters and devises for the smart grid . benefit of smart grid . and a conclution
This presentation was given as part of the April 21, 2010 Northwest Clean Energy Resource Team meeting on Smart Grid Technology in Northwest Minnesota.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
An electricity meter is a device for measuring the amount of
electrical energy used by consumers. Where electricity
companies install these meters at every subscriber, such as
homes, factories, administrative and government buildings and...,
after the electrical network is connected to their units to supply
loads such as lighting systems, fans, adaptations, office
appliances and any other equipment with electricity .
These meters may be mono or three-phase depending on the
nature of the contracted loads and electrical power. They may
also be connected directly to the electrical network or be
connected through auxiliary transformers ( current and / or
voltage transformers)
this slide shows what is smart grid ,its comparison between the electromechanical grids . smart meters and devises for the smart grid . benefit of smart grid . and a conclution
This presentation was given as part of the April 21, 2010 Northwest Clean Energy Resource Team meeting on Smart Grid Technology in Northwest Minnesota.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
An electricity meter is a device for measuring the amount of
electrical energy used by consumers. Where electricity
companies install these meters at every subscriber, such as
homes, factories, administrative and government buildings and...,
after the electrical network is connected to their units to supply
loads such as lighting systems, fans, adaptations, office
appliances and any other equipment with electricity .
These meters may be mono or three-phase depending on the
nature of the contracted loads and electrical power. They may
also be connected directly to the electrical network or be
connected through auxiliary transformers ( current and / or
voltage transformers)
advanced metering infrastructure, advanced meter reading, internet of Things, WiMax, LTE, smart meter analytics, smart meter communication technologies, LTE advanced, WiFi, smart meter architectural blueprint
More details: (blog: http://sandyclassic.wordpress.com ,
linkedin: ie.linkedin.com/in/sandepsharma/)
GSM BASED PREPAID ENERGY METER BILLING VIA SMSSRINIVAS REDDY
The project is designed for reading electrical energy consumed in units and in rupees to display on an LCD screen to the user. This data is also provided to the electrical department using GSM technology for billing purposes. Owing to high electricity cost these days it becomes necessary for the consumer to know as to how much electricity is consumed to control electricity bill within his budget by recharging the energy meter units via S.M.S .
Finally when the energy meter coming to zero user can again recharge according to the purpose used. In this proposed system, the consumer will get his energy consumption data on real time basis on a LCD display. The same data is sent through GSM modem to the electricity department via SMS. A microcontroller of 8051 family is interfaced to the energy meter to get the Watt Hour pulses.
Further this project can be enhanced by to control the electrical appliances remotely via SMS. Also, the electricity department can send the monthly bill amount over SMS to the receiving unit for consumer information.
What are big data in the contacts of energy & utilities, and how/where can the utilities find value in the data. In this C-level presentation we discussed the three prime areas: grid operations, smart metering and asset & workforce management. A section on cognitive computing for utilities have been omitted from the presentation due to confidentiality - but I tell you - it is mind-blowing perspectives on how IBM Watson will help utilities plan and optimize their operations in the near future!
See more on http://www.ibmbigdatahub.com/industry/energy-utilities
It’s no wonder that smart meter rollouts have skyrocketed with supporting business case findings such as ComEd customers saving potentially $2.8 billion on their electric bills over the 20-year life of the smart meters. Largely due to the aggressive U.S. effort to modernize its electric grid pros and cons (for example PG&E will now offer ‘opt out option’) for smart meters are still aggressively being debated; nonetheless the number of smart meters installed in the U.S. has ballooned over the past several years – with just over fifty utilities deploying the bulk of the investment. Zpryme analyzed data from the EIA in an effort to not only breakdown smart meter deployments by utility but also to zero in on the drivers that will bridge the U.S. energy divide.
Smart Grid is a domain that straddles several technologies. This is an attempt to present a quick outline of the relevant technologies. The presentation also includes a bird's eye view of the key smart grid players including large companies, start-ups and power utilities.
BPSK Modulation and Demodulation with Power Line Carrier Communication and GS...IAES-IJPEDS
GSM/GPRS and PLC communication are used for Automatic Meter Reading
(AMR) applications. These AMR systems have made substantial progress
over the recent years in terms of functionality, scalability, performance
and openness such that they can perform remote metering applications for
very demanding and complex systems. By using BPSK (Binary Phase Shift
Keying) modulation with Power Line Carrier Communication, Smart
Metering can be done in Rural Smart Micro-grids. The design
and Simulation of BPSK Modulation and Demodulation are successfully
done by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The advantages of using BPSK
modulation over the QPSK modulation and the advantages of PLC
Communication over the GSM Communication is identified in this paper.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
AKS UNIVERSITY Satna Final Year Project By OM Hardaha.pdf
Concepts of smart meter
1. SMART METERS
V SAI KRISHNA – 14E95
R VASANTHAN – 14E113
P VINITH – 14E123
S PADMANATHAN – 14E82
M SIVANESH BABU – 14E103
E VENKATESH – 14E116
V BALAJI ARJUN – 14E130
3. What is the electric grid?
The electric grid is the path over which electricity flows
from power generating facilities across high-voltage
transmission lines to local communities
The grid interconnects generators, power transmission
systems, local distribution utilities and end users of
electricity
The system is designed and operated for safe, reliable
electric reliability under constantly changing load
conditions.
4. What makes it a smart grid?
Smart grid is an umbrella term for the modernization of electric transmission and
distribution.
It is an integration of a more modern electric grid with communications and
information systems to better monitor and control the flow and consumption of
energy.
Save energy
Reduced Cost
Increase Reliability
6. What are smart meters and its benefits?
A “smart” or advanced meter is an electric meter that acts as a gateway for two-
way communications or information exchange between the consumer and the
utility
Measure Energy Usage with Greater Detail
Provide Consume energy data to utility in Real time via home display and web
based Program.
Remote Function
Detect Meter Tampering and offer new pricing programs to encourage peak load
reduction.
It can be more motivated to take advantage of incentives to reduce consumption,
especially during peak demand periods, and save money.
7.
8. How are smart meters different than
current meters?
From Conventional Meter’s which can provide usage data to the company’s
information systems for monthly billing.
Smart meter can provide notification of outages and detect possible theft. The
newer, advanced meters are considered “bi-directional” or two-way and can be
linked to the utility’s communications network and smart grid, as well as a
consumer’s home area network, programmable thermostat, and smart appliances.
9. Benefits of Smart Meter
Improved power quality
More efficient
Secure power delivery
Enhanced electric reliability
Prepayment Options Available
Load survey / profiling helping in demand forecasting
Over-the-air firmware and configuration upgrade
More accurate bills — smart meters mean the end of estimated bills, and the
end of overpaying (or underpaying) for your energy
Automatic Meter Reading Through ZIGBEE/HAN/LAN Network.
Better oversight and management of your energy use with a real-time data
display in your home
10. Functions & Types Of Smart Meter
Wireless smart metering modules with greater range.
GSM based smart meter modules for industrial metering.
Wireless data collection mechanisms
12. SMART METER TECHNOLOGIES
Smart Meter Systems are varied in technology and design but operate through a
simple overall process.
The Smart Meters collect data locally and transmit via a Local Area Network (LAN)
to a data collector.
This transmission can occur as often as 15 minutes or according to the use of the
data.
13. SMART METER TECHNOLOGIES
The collector retrieves the data and may or may not carry out any processing of the
data.
Data is transmitted via a Wide Area Network (WAN) to the utility central collection
point for processing.
14. BASIC TYPES OF SMART METER SYSTEMS
There are four basic categories of Smart Meter System technologies as defined by
their LAN. They are:
Wireless
Radio Frequency (RF)
Power Line Carrier (PLC)
GSM/GPRS based
15. Wireless smart meter
Smart meter modules available from 100 meters to 6 Kms
Modules work on 2.4 GHz or Sub-1 GHz solution (865-868 MHz)
Mesh connection of smart meters is possible, which enables easy
transmission
Built-in remote firmware upgrade(over-the-air upgrade) and remote
diagnostics
Single data concentrators can communicate with up to 500 meters
Ultra low power consumption modules available at most economical pricing
18. RADIO FREQUENCY
Smart Meter measurements and other data are transmitted by wireless radio from
the meter to a collection point.
The data is then delivered by various methods to the utility data systems for
processing at a central location.
19. MESH TECHNOLOGY
The smart meters talk to each other (hop) to form a LAN cloud to a collector.
The collector transmits the data using various WAN methods to the utility central
location.
22. POINT TO POINT RF TECHNOLOGY
The smart meters talk directly to a collector, usually a tower.
The tower collector transmits the data using various methods to the utility central
location for processing.
23. POINT TO POINT RF TECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES
Direct communication with each endpoint
Large bandwidth
Licensed spectrum
Can cover longer distances
24. POINT TO POINT RF TECHNOLOGY
DISADVANTAGES
Licensing (not for 900MHz)
Terrain may prove challenging in rural areas
Proprietary communications used for some technologies
Less interface with Distribution automation (DA) devices.
25. POWER LINE CARRIER - PLC
Smart Meter measurements and other data can be transmitted across the utility
power lines from the meter to a collection point
Usually the collection point is the distribution Sub- station feeding the meter
26.
27. Power line carrier
Metro Fiber Ring
Architecture
Internet Data Video
Each site supports multiple
customers
28. POWER LINE CARRIER - PLC
ADVANTAGES
The use of existing utility infrastructure of poles & wires
Improved cost effectiveness for rural lines
More effective in challenging terrain
The capability to work over long distances.
29. POWER LINE CARRIER - PLC
DISADVANTAGES
Longer data transmit time (more latency)
Less bandwidth
Less throughput
Limited interface with Distribution Automation (DA) devices
higher cost in urban and suburban locations.
30. GSM / GPRS enabled smart meter modules
GSM based meter data collection modules available for industrial and transformer
metering
Integrates with various type of meters using serial port
Built-in remote firmware upgrade(over-the-air upgrade) and remote diagnostics
31. Ethernet based data concentrators / gateways for
meter data collection
Can collect data from up to 500 electricity smart meters in a HAN (network)
Can collect data as fast as every 30 minutes
Local storage for offline mode in case of loss of connectivity
Connects to the web server via GPRS or Ethernet (LAN connection)
Built-in remote firmware upgrade(over-the-air upgrade) and remote
diagnostics
Maintains diagnostics and connectivity information of the whole PAN
(network)
Tamper proof with instant SMS to service engineers
Built-in battery to transmit data in case of loss of power
32. Cloud enabled MDM software
Cloud enabled software provides a scalable, secure and highly reliable software for
smart meter data collection and management
Collects data from data concentrator units / gateways and maintains the consumer
/ meter information
Hosted on the Google cloud (or equivalent) for 99% uptime
Continuous availability of latest data at desired polling frequency
Can connect to thousands of DCUs for data collection
Various alerts as per need over SMS and e-mail
128-bit SSL encryption for data security
Analytical capabilities with graphical data visualizations help in decision making
33. Repeaters
Used for remote / sparsely populated locations
Can be installed on electricity poles / street lights
Used to carry data from local networks to far away locations
34. METER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
Meter maintenance will become a major issue to the service provider.
The meter will be entirely electronic with an additional communication device on
board, which has to be monitored regularly.
The engineers must possess a very high knowledge about the data transmission
and faults
35. METER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
Some of the utility organizations that will share in the new maintenance model are
Customer Services
Field Operations
Distribution
Information Technology
Revenue Protection
36. ADVANTAGES
Low cost metering services
On-demand and scheduled remote meter reads
Remotely manageable tariff tables and billing cycles
Multi-parameter load profile
38. ADVANTAGES
Advanced control
Remote disconnect and reconnect
Maximum power limiting
Optional direct load control
New energy or value-added service with minimal incremental
investment
39. Smart meters are 24/7 pulsed microwave radiation
emitting devices with no way to turn the radiation
down or off.
The mesh network will insure there will be no
escape from the radiation anywhere. If you opt out
but your neighbor does not, you will still be
exposed to your neighbors radiation.
This is why we need EVERYONE opting out, or
need to make them illegal.
40. Smart meters have 2, sometimes 3 antennas,
depending.
Most have 2 One antenna is for the HAN (home
area network), to interface with your smart
appliances.
The other antenna is the NAN (neighborhood Area
antenna) to interface with your neighbors smart
meters.
If there is a 3rd antenna in your smart meter, you
are the lucky recipient of the collector meter!!! You
will be receiving ALL of the neighborhoods pulses,
gathering at your home.
By accessing these signals one can easily hack the
data
41. The “green washing of cancer through pulsed
microwave radiation exposure in addition to more
fossil fuel usage”
42.
43. Robert A Baan PhD
The IARC Monographs
IARC, Lyon, FRANCE
“The IARC Working Group classified "Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields" (RF-EMF) as possibly
carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
The information that formed the main basis for this evaluation was found in epidemiological studies on cell-
phone use, where a slightly increased risk for glioma (a malignant form of brain cancer) and acoustic neuroma
(a non-cancerous type) was reported among heavy users.
There were some indications of increased cancer among radar-maintenance workers (occupational exposure),
but no reliable data from studies among, e.g., people living close to base-station antennas, radio/TV towers, etc
(environmental exposure).
Although the key information came from mobile telephone use, the Working Group considered that the three
types of exposure entail basically the same type of radiation, and decided to make an overall evaluation on RF-
EMF, covering the whole radiofrequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
In support of this, information from studies with experimental animals showed that effects on cancer incidence
and cancer latency were seen with exposures to different frequencies within the RF region.
So the classification 2B, possibly carcinogenic, holds for all types of radiation within the radiofrequency part of
the electromagnetic spectrum, including the radiation emitted by base-station antennas,
radio/TV towers, radar, Wi-Fi, smart meters, etc. “
Letter from WHO lead scientist...
46. Smart meters will create more fossil fuel usage in
manufacturing and need to be replaced approx.
every 7 years to 10 years. Analog meters LAST
for DECADES. No fossil EXCESS fuel usage AT
ALL.
47.
48. Mini cell towers emitting pulsed microwave radiation that for
thousands of feet to connect “smart meters” to the “smart
grid”attached to lamp posts, telephone poles, etc.
49.
50. Now let’s look at the
microwave radiation from
“smart meters”…