This document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to the fifth generation. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive, and generated a lot of heat. The second generation used transistors which made computers smaller, cheaper, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits which further improved reliability and size. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits and saw the rise of personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, aims to develop true artificial intelligence using technologies like parallel processing and quantum computing.

2. Contents
0 What is Computer?
0 Generation of Computer
0 FIRST GENRATION
0 The main features of first generation are
0 SECOND GENERATION
0 The main features of second generation are
0 THIRD GENERATION
0 The main features of third generation are
0 FOURTH GENERATION
0 The main features of fourth generation are
0 FIFTH GENERATION
0 The main features of fifth generation are
References

3. WHAT IS COMPUTER?
0 A computer is a programmable machine. The two
principal characteristics of a computer are: It
responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-
defined manner and it can execute a prerecorded list
of instructions (a program).

4. GENERATION OF COMPUTER
0 As the time passed, the device of more suitable and
reliable machine was need which could perform our
work more quickly.

5. FIRST GENRATION
1946-1959
0 ENIAC was the world first successful electronic computer
which was develops by the two scientists namely J. P.
Eckert and J. W. Mauchy.
0 It was the beginning of first generation computer. The full
form of ENIAC is “Electronic Numeric Integrated And
Calculator” ENIAC was a very huge and big computer and
its weight was 30 tones.
0 It could store only limited or small amount of information.
Initially in the first generation computer the concept of
vacuum tubes was used.
0 A vacuum tube was such an electronic component which
had very less work efficiency and so it could not work
properly and it required a large cooling system.

6. The main features of first
generation are:
0 Vacuum tube technology
0 Unreliable
0 Supported machine language only
0 Very costly
0 Generated lot of heat
0 Slow input and output devices
0 Huge size
0 Need of A.C.
0 Non-portable
0 Consumed lot of electricity

7. SECOND GENERATION
1959-1965
0 In this generation, transistors were used as the
electronic component instead of vaccum tubes .
0 A transistors is much smaller in the size than that of a
vaccum tube. As the size of electrons components
decreased from vaccum tube of transistor, the size of
computer also decreased and it became much smaller
than that of earlier computer.

8. The main features of second
generation are:
0 Use of transistors
0 Reliable in comparison to first generation
computers
0 Smaller size as compared to first generation
computers
0 Generated less heat as compared to first
generation computers
0 Consumed less electricity as compared to
first generation computers
0 Faster than first generation computers
0 Still very costly
0 A.C. needed
0 Supported machine and assembly languages

9. THIRD GENERATION
1965-1971
0 In this generation of computer, IC (Integrated circuits)
was used as the electronic component for computers.
0 The development of IC gave birth to a new field of
microelectronics.
0 The main advantage of IC is not only its small size but
its superior performance and reliability than the
previous circuits.
0 It was first developed by T.S Kilby. This generation of
computer has huge storage capacity and higher
calculating speed.

10. The main features of third
generation are:
0 IC used
0 More reliable in comparison to previous two generations
0 Smaller size
0 Generated less heat
0 Faster
0 Lesser maintenance
0 Still costly
0 A.C needed
0 Consumed lesser electricity
0 Supported high-level language

11. FOURTH GENERATION
1971-1980
0 The computers of fourth generation used Very Large
Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having
about 5000 transistors and other circuit elements and
their associated circuits on a single chip made it
possible to have microcomputers of fourth
generation.
0 it gave rise to personal computer (PC) revolution.

12. The main features of fourth
generation are:
0 VLSI technology used
0 Very cheap
0 Portable and reliable
0 Use of PC's
0 Very small size
0 Pipeline processing
0 No A.C. needed
0 Concept of internet was introduced
0 Great developments in the fields of
networks
0 Computers became easily available

13. FIFTH GENERATION
1980-onwards
0 Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial
intelligence, are still in development, though there are
some applications, such as voice recognition, that are
being used today.
0 The use of parallel processing and superconductors is
helping to make artificial intelligence a reality.
0 Quantum computation and molecular and
nanotechnology will radically change the face of
computers in years to come.
0 The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop
devices that respond to natural language input and
are capable of learning and self-organization.

14. The main features of fifth
generation are:
0 ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration)
technology
0 Development of true artificial
intelligence
0 Development of Natural language
processing
0 Advancement in Parallel Processing
0 Advancement in Superconductor
technology
0 More user friendly interfaces with
multimedia features
0 Availability of very powerful and
compact computers at cheaper rates

15. References
0 http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/computer.html
0 http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundament
als/computer_generations.htm
0 http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware
_Software/FiveGenerations.asp
0 http://www.tpub.com/neets/book22/91b.htm
0 http://tipschief.com/computer-history-quiz-mcqs-
question/
0 https://fahmirahman.wordpress.com/2011/01/04/fi
ve-generations-of-computer/

16. Thank You!!!Any queries???