This document provides an overview of communication technology, information systems, and their advantages and disadvantages. It discusses the impact of information technology on various sectors, its benefits in improving productivity and efficiency, as well as challenges such as implementation costs and job elimination. The document also elaborates on different types of databases and the evolution of information systems.

1. Communication Technology
Information System and Technologies

2. OVERVIEW
• Technology
• Information Technology
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Information Systems
• ICT
• A plumbing analogy
• MIS and Database

3. Technology
Technology has revolutionized our lives completely today
we cannot think of living without a television, mobile
phones and the latest addition’ our addiction to the
internet.

4. Technology
The wise internet has everything in it, what one
wants to know. It not only provides connectivity
with others but it is Store house of knowledge,
music, and entertainment.

5. Technology
Technology is a collection of techniques, skills,
methods, and processes used in the production
of goods or services or in the accomplishment of
objectives, such as scientific investigation.

6. Information Technology
• Information technology is the study, design,
development, implementation, support or
management of computer-based information
systems—particularly software applications
and computer hardware. IT workers help
ensure that computers work well for people.

7. Information Technology
• Information technology has helped in shaping
both the business world and our society in
general. Many fields have been impacted by
information technology and these include;
• Education
• Health
• Entertainment
• Communication

8. Information Technology
As the world develops, more technology will
emerge and this technology will have both
positive and negative impacts.

9. Advantages of Information Technology
• Increases production and saves time
• Improves communication through
communication technology
• Improves data storage and file management
• Cuts costs of operation and increases on RIO
• Improves business to consumer relationship

10. Increases production and saves time
• Business use technology to automate tasks. A
good example is a bakery which uses
automated temperature censors to detect any
drop or increase in room temperature in a
bakery. These censors will send information
directly to the operator and report any
temperature change. This saves the bakery
time and it also results into quality products.

11. Improves communication through
communication technology
• With the help of communication technology tools like
phones, video conferencing , electronic mail, databases
just to mention but a few. Movement of information
with in an organization or business has become easy
and first.
• Employees can easily move information across
departments without having any interruptions. Tools
like electronic mail , e-fax, mobile phones and text
messaging enhance the movement of information
among employees , customers and business partners
or suppliers.

12. Improves data storage and file
management
• Businesses use cloud hosting services to store
and backup business data. Also it saves on
paper work and makes transfer and access of
data remote.
• With services like ‘’Dropbox.com’’, business
owners can access their data any time any
where.

13. Cuts costs of operation and increases
on RIO
• Communication technology and social
technology have made business promotion
and product launch affordable. Many small
business have found ways to use social
technology to increase on their brand
awareness and get more clients at a minimal
cost.

14. Improves business to consumer
relationship
• Businesses have embraced the social technology
to interact with their consumers and fans. This
creates a strong business to consumer
relationship and it results into business growth
and expansion.
• Information technology can be used to improve
customer service in so many ways. For example,
businesses can use internet to inform their
customers about great deals and discounts.

15. Disadvantages of Information
Technology
• Implementation Expenses
• Job Elimination
• Security Breaches

16. Implementation Expenses
• Small businesses fail to afford this expensive
technology so they end up losing their clients
to a business which has improved its
technology and provides a better service or
product.

17. Job Elimination
• Technology has replaced most positions which
humans used to occupy. Accounting is now
being done by software, so accountants run
out of opportunities.

18. Security Breaches
• Since businesses store their data on remote
cloud servers which can be accessed with a
user name and password, they risk losing that
data to wrong minded knowledge works,
hackers or viruses, which can harm he
business.

19. Data & Information
The main difference between data and
information is that data is raw material that is to
be processed and information is the processed
data.

20. Information System (IS)
• An information system (IS) is an organized
system for the collection, organization, storage
and communication of information. More
specifically, it is the study of complementary
networks that people and organizations use to
collect, filter, process, create and distribute
data

21. Computer Information System
• A computer information system is a system
composed of people and computers that
processes or interprets information. The term
is also sometimes used in more restricted
senses to refer to only the software used to
run a computerized database or to refer to
only a computer system.

22. What is ICT?
• Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) is now playing an important role for the
dissemination of sustainable quality education
worldwide ( Pal & Panigrahi, 2013).

23. Information and Communication
Technology
• ICT is defined as diverse set of technological
tools and resources used to communicate,
create, disseminate, store and manage
information.
• These technologies include computers, the
Internet, broadcasting technologies (Radio
and Television) and telephone.

24. A plumbing analogy
• A plumbing system is made up of storage
tanks and pipes. Water is stored in the
storage tanks and flows through the pipes.
ICT is made up of information technology
(storage tanks) and communications
technology (pipes). Information (stored
water) is stored using information technology
(storage tanks) and a communication (flowing
water) reaches the recipient through
communications technology (pipes).

26. A plumbing analogy

27. What is MIS
• Management Information Systems is the
development and use of information systems
that help businesses achieve their goals and
objectives
• Three key elements:
– Components of IS
– Development and use of the Information Systems
– Achieving business goals and objectives

28. IT, IS and MIS

29. Database
• A database is a collection of information that is
organized so that it can be easily accessed,
managed and updated.
• Data is organized into rows, columns and tables,
and it is indexed to make it easier to find relevant
information. Data gets updated, expanded and
deleted as new information is added. Databases
process workloads to create and update
themselves, querying the data they contain and
running applications against it.

30. Evolution of databases
• Databases have evolved since their inception in the 1960s,
beginning with hierarchical and network databases, through
the 1980s with object-oriented databases, and today with SQL
and NoSQL databases and cloud databases.
• In one view, databases can be classified according to content
type: bibliographic, full text, numeric and images. In
computing, databases are sometimes classified according to
their organizational approach. There are many different kinds
of databases, ranging from the most prevalent approach, the
relational database, to a distributed database, cloud database
or NoSQL database.

31. Database
View this:
What is Database?
View this:
DBMS and DBA

32. Types of Database
• Relational database
• Distributed database
• Cloud database
• NoSQL database
• Object-oriented database
• Graph database

33. Communication Technology
Information System and Technologies