Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. Ichiro Takeuchi (University of Maryland, USA) on September 30, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. Nader Engheta (University of Pennsylvania) on September 28, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. Nader Engheta (University of Pennsylvania) on September 28, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Study of columnar growth polycrystalline (sn, cr) co doped in2 o3 films depos...EROMOR
In this work, (Sn, Cr) co-doped In2O3 polycrystalline films were grown at room temperature by sputtering method using a base pressure of ∼5×10−2mbar (a low vacuum condition) in order to improve the oxidation process and reduce the time of films production.
Plenary lecture of the XIII SBPMat (Brazilian MRS) meeting, given on October 1st 2014 in João Pessoa (Brazil) by Roberto Dovesi, professor at Universita' degli Studi di Torino (Italy).
Progress in all inorganic perovskite solar cellMd Ataul Mamun
Since their first introduction in the research arena, the hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite photovoltaic cells have been showing frequent record breaking power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Despite the rapid increase in PCE by engaging new perovskite materials as active layers as well as new fabrication techniques, their stability remains too poor to go for a mass production. Mainly the organic materials in the hybrid PSCs are responsible for this instability. Consequently, very recently, different approaches are taken to replace these organic components by inorganic ones to fabricate all-inorganic PSCs. Though these first-generation all-inorganic PSCs are yet to produce competitive PCEs like their counterparts, they have already demonstrated superb stability to be a propitious bidder for solar cell energy yielding. The state-of-the-art quantum dots based cells shown efficiency as high as 10.77% and intact stability for months.
Structural and photoluminescence study of SrAl2O4:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized ...AI Publications
The combustion synthesis method was employed for the synthesis of red-emitting monoclinic SrAl2O4:Eu3+ phosphors. Structural characterization of annealed samples was carried out via X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD patterns reveal that strontium aluminate samples were cubic spinel nanoparticles and the grain size determined by the Debye-Scherrer formula is 35.34 nm. The vibrational stretching frequencies corresponding to the composites were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The PL spectra show the strongest emission at 612 nm corresponds to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+, which results in bright red color emitting phosphor used for display devices and lamp industries.
Research proposal on organic-inorganic halide perovskite light harvesting mat...Rajan K. Singh
Organic-Inorganic perovskite materials has many applications in the field of opto-electronics such as photo-voltaic cells, LEDs, sensors, memory devices etc. due to its excellent optical and electrical properties. Presence of Pb in such type of perovskite is the biggest challenge for researchers.
Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. Paul Ducheyne (University of Pennsylvania, USA) on September 29, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Study of columnar growth polycrystalline (sn, cr) co doped in2 o3 films depos...EROMOR
In this work, (Sn, Cr) co-doped In2O3 polycrystalline films were grown at room temperature by sputtering method using a base pressure of ∼5×10−2mbar (a low vacuum condition) in order to improve the oxidation process and reduce the time of films production.
Plenary lecture of the XIII SBPMat (Brazilian MRS) meeting, given on October 1st 2014 in João Pessoa (Brazil) by Roberto Dovesi, professor at Universita' degli Studi di Torino (Italy).
Progress in all inorganic perovskite solar cellMd Ataul Mamun
Since their first introduction in the research arena, the hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite photovoltaic cells have been showing frequent record breaking power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Despite the rapid increase in PCE by engaging new perovskite materials as active layers as well as new fabrication techniques, their stability remains too poor to go for a mass production. Mainly the organic materials in the hybrid PSCs are responsible for this instability. Consequently, very recently, different approaches are taken to replace these organic components by inorganic ones to fabricate all-inorganic PSCs. Though these first-generation all-inorganic PSCs are yet to produce competitive PCEs like their counterparts, they have already demonstrated superb stability to be a propitious bidder for solar cell energy yielding. The state-of-the-art quantum dots based cells shown efficiency as high as 10.77% and intact stability for months.
Structural and photoluminescence study of SrAl2O4:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized ...AI Publications
The combustion synthesis method was employed for the synthesis of red-emitting monoclinic SrAl2O4:Eu3+ phosphors. Structural characterization of annealed samples was carried out via X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD patterns reveal that strontium aluminate samples were cubic spinel nanoparticles and the grain size determined by the Debye-Scherrer formula is 35.34 nm. The vibrational stretching frequencies corresponding to the composites were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The PL spectra show the strongest emission at 612 nm corresponds to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+, which results in bright red color emitting phosphor used for display devices and lamp industries.
Research proposal on organic-inorganic halide perovskite light harvesting mat...Rajan K. Singh
Organic-Inorganic perovskite materials has many applications in the field of opto-electronics such as photo-voltaic cells, LEDs, sensors, memory devices etc. due to its excellent optical and electrical properties. Presence of Pb in such type of perovskite is the biggest challenge for researchers.
Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. Paul Ducheyne (University of Pennsylvania, USA) on September 29, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Plenary lecture of the XIV SBPMat Meeting, given by Prof. George Malliaras (École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne, France) on September 30, 2015, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Palestra plenária do XI Encontro da SBPMat. Apresentada em 24 de setembro em Florianópolis (SC) pelo professor Orlando Auciello (Laboratório Nacional de Argonne e Universidade de Texas em Dallas - EUA).
Dr. Toma Susi (University of Vienna, Austria) invited talk at the MRS Spring Meeting 2018 in Phoenix, AZ titled "Towards atomically precise manipulation of 2D nanostructures in the
electron microscope".
Introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnologyaimanmukhtar1
Introduction of nanoscience/nanotechnology ,properties/potential applications of nanomaterials and electrodeposition of metal single component and alloy nanowires in AAO template
Consistently High Voc Values in p-i-n Type Perovskite Solar Cells Using Ni3+-...Pawan Kumar
Leading edge p-i-n type halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) severely underperform n-i-p PSCs. p-i-n type PSCs that use PEDOT:PSS hole transport layers (HTLs) struggle to generate open-circuit photovoltage values higher than 1 V. NiO HTLs have shown greater promise in achieving high Voc values albeit inconsistently. In this report, a NiO nanomesh with Ni3+ defect grown by the hydrothermal method was used to obtain PSCs with Voc values that consistently exceeded 1.10 V (champion Voc = 1.14 V). A champion device photoconversion efficiency of 17.75% was observed. Density functional theory modeling was used to understand the interfacial properties of the NiO/perovskite interface. The PCE of PSCs constructed using the Ni3+-doped NiO nanomesh HTL was ∼34% higher than that of conventional compact NiO-based perovskite solar cells. A suite of characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence, steady-state photoluminescence, and Kelvin probe force microscopy provided evidence of better film quality, enhanced charge transfer, and suppressed charge recombination in PSCs based on hydrothermally grown NiO nanostructures.
The presentation file on workshop on Neutron and X-ray Characterisation on Caloric Materials, introduction to neutron scattering experiment with triple axis spectrometer for material scientist
I gave 1 hour seminar at ANSTO (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization) to introduce my approach to magnetism. I see myself as an experimental physicist who is studying magnetism by using neutron scattering techniques. Throughout my career, I had learned local structure analysis (PDF), magnetic structural analysis, and inelastic neutron scattering technique to investigate superconductor, multiferroics, antiferromagnets, helimagnets, and frustrated magnets. I was trying to explain my approach to magnetism as an experiment physicist to both professional scientists and novices.
Colloquium given at the Caltech star formation group (Feb. 24, 2015) and NASA/JPL (Feb. 26, 2015). The presentation features recent research highlights by myself and collaborators and is intended for a non-expert astronomy audience.
Plenary lecture of the XVIII B-MRS Meeting given by Prof. Alan Taub (University of Michigan, USA) on September 26, 2019 at Balneário Camboriú (Brazil).
Plenary lecture of the XVIII B-MRS Meeting given by Prof. Antonio José Roque da Silva (CNPEM, Brazil) on September 24, 2019 at Balneário Camboriú (Brazil).
Tribute in honor of Prof. Ivo Alexander Hümmelgen, a member of the Brazilian materials research community, who died unexpectedly in March 2019. The tribute was made by Prof. Marco Cremona (PUC-Rio), on September 23, 2019 in Balneário Camboriú (Brazil), at the opening of symposium F, that was dedicated to Organic Electronics, the research area of Prof. Hümmelgen.
Memorial Lecture Joaquim da Costa Ribeiro, given by Prof. Yvonne P. Mascarenhas (IFSC and IEA/ USP, Brazil) in the Opening Ceremony of the XVIII B-MRS Meeting on September 22, 2019 at Balneário Camboriú (Brazil).
Presentation of the XVIII B-MRS Meeting (September 22 - 26, 2019, Balneario Camboriú), given by Prof. Ivan H. Bechtold, chair of the event, at the closing ceremony of the XVII B-MRS Meeting, on September 20, 2018.
Memorial lecture "Joaquim da Costa Ribeiro" given by Prof. João A. H. da Jornada (IF-UFRGS) on September 10, 2017 in Gramado (Brazil) during the opening of the XVI B-MRS Meeting.
Plenary lecture given by Prof. Kenneth Gonsalves (ITT Mandi, India) on September 12, 2017 in Gramado (Brazil) during the XVI B-MRS Meeting. Acknowledgment: ITT Mandi.
More from Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa em Materiais (20)
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...
Combinatorial approach to materials discovery.
1. No impurity Ti (3 Å) Ti (6 Å) Ti (9 Å) Cu (3 Å) Cu (6Å) Cu (9 Å)
5 Å
10 Å
15 Å
20 Å
25 Å
35Å
45 Å
55 Å
ti(Å)
ts(Å)
Permanent magnet library
Ferroelectric library
Superconductor library
Ichiro Takeuchi
University of Maryland
Combinatorial Approach to
Materials Discovery
2. • Introduction to the combinatorial approach:
brief history, tools and strategies
• Integrated materials discovery engine
• Recent examples: combinatorial search of
rare-earth-free permanent magnets;
superconductors
Outline
3. University of Maryland
Tieren Gao
Sean Fackler
Kui Jin
R. Greene
SLAC
A. Mehta
US DOE, ONR, AFOSR
Support
Acknowledgement
Duke University
S. Curtarolo
Ames Lab
M. J. Kramer
NIST
A. G. Kusne
M. Green
7. Combinatorial Libraries of Inorganic Materials
Luminescent
materials libraries,
Science 279,
1712 (1998)
Semiconductor gas sensor library,
“electronic nose”,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1255 (2003)
Magnetic shape memory alloy library,
Nature Materials 2, 180 (2003)
8. Fabrication of libraries and spreads
Combinatorial PLD systems – metal oxides
Combinatorial UHV sputtering system – metallic alloys
Combinatorial multigun e-beam evaporator system – metal
Combinatorial laser MBE – metal oxides
Rapid characterization tools
Scanning SQUID microscopes – magnetic properties
Scanning microwave microscopes – resistive, magnetic, dielectric
Scanning X-ray microdiffractometer
Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) system – magnetic properties
Scanning 4-point probe station – transport
Novel device libraries incorporating MEMS, etc.
Major Facilities for Combinatorial
Materials Research at Maryland
Focus: Functional Thin Film Materials
9. Correlation between materials complexity
and physical properties
Hg
Nb3Ge
La2CuO4
YBa2Cu3O7
HgBa2CaCu3O7
CriticalTemp.(K)
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
1
Number of Elements
2 3 4 5 6 7
23. A B
C ED
# depositions: 4 x n
# combinations: 4n
5 masks:
4 x 5 = 20 depo’s
45 = 1024 samples
24. (Right) Luminescent image of the same library after thermally
processed under UV excitation.
Science 279, 1712 (1998)
Library of luminescent materials made w/ quaternary masking
25. Various combinatorial experimental designs:
discrete libraries vs composition spreads
Composition A B
B
A
C
• Composition spreads allow continuous mapping of physical properties
and phase boundaries
• Run to run variation in ordinary experiments is removed
28. Takeuchi et al.,
Applied Physics Letters 79, 4411 (2001)
Scanning Microwave Microscope:
a rapid characterization tool
Originally developed for rapid screening of
libraries of superconductors, dielectric materials, etc.
SampleTip
Coaxial ¼
resonator
x-y-z stage Motion
controller
Computer
f0
Q
Microwave
source
Review Article: Gao, et al., Measurement Science and Technology 16, 248 (2005)
29. -250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970
Magnetic field (Oe)
FMRsignal(arb.unit)
2.45 GHz
SrTiO3
BaTiO3
CaTiO3
500
400
100
300
0
200
r
Different physical properties can be mapped using
an existing microwave microscope
Dielectric constant mapping
of a (Ba,Sr,Ca)TiO3 pseudo-
ternary library at 1 GHz
Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1165 (1999)
Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR)
signal taken at a spot
Dielectric
property
Magnetic property
(spin resonance)
composition plot
30. Mode/materials
[reference]
Physical parameter/
phenomenon
Spatial
resolution
Dielectric [12-14] Complex dielectric
constant
100 nm
Metal [13] Impedance/resistivity 100 nm
Non-linear
dielectric [15,18]
Non-linear dielectric
constant
1 nm
FMR Ferromagnetic
resonance
100 nm*
STM-ESR Electron
spin resonance
Atomic
resolution
Capabilities of Multiscale Microwave Microscope
Mapping of various physical properties can be obtained
at macroscopic scale (~ 1 cm) down to the listed spatial resolution
32. Composition Spreads of
Ternary Metallic Alloy Systems
Co-sputtering scheme Ni
Mn
Al
3” spread wafer
Ni Al
Mn
Phase diagram
Composition is mapped using an electron probe (WDS)
33. RT Scanning SQUID microscope
(Magma, Neocera)
SQUID assembly
inside vacuum
leveling probe and
scanning stage
Room temperature samples are measured
z-SQUID is used to
measure Bz distribution
Tip-sample distance is typically 100~200 microns
36. Rapid detection of shape memory alloy
compositions by visual inspection
Composition spread
deposited on
micromachined
cantilever array
Film thickness
~0.5 m
Detection of martensitic phase transformation
37. Functional phase diagram of Ni-Mn-Ga
20 40 80
20
40
60
80
60
80
20
Mn
40
20 40 80
20
40
60
80
Ni
60
80
20
40
Ni2Ga3 Ga
Increasing
transition
temperature
Ferromagnetic
regions
Most strongly
magnetic
Martensites
Nature Materials 2, 180 (2003)
38. Integration of theory and high-throughput experiments
Step 2 Step 3Step 1
Integrated materials discovery engine
Experimental
Track
Theoretical
Track
39. Step 2 Step 3Step 1
Experimental
Track
Theoretical
Track
Advantages of this approach:
Predictions are sometimes “off” by stoichiometric variations.
Integration of theory and high-throughput experiments
40. Step 2 Step 3Step 1
Experimental
Track
Theoretical
Track
Advantages of this approach:
Predictions are sometimes “off” by stoichiometric variations.
Large number of data points in combinatorial experiments suitable
for building models.
Integration of theory and high-throughput experiments
42. Step 2 Step 3Step 1
Experimental
Track
Theoretical
Track
Example:
Rare‐earth‐free permanent magnets
APL 102, 022419 (2013);
Scientific Reports 4, 6367 (2014)
Integration of theory and high-throughput experiments
43. Rare-earth (Nd, Dy, Sm, etc.)-free magnets are
needed due to their fluctuating prices
Search for new permanent magnet materials
w/o rare-earth elements
The prices of many rare‐earth
metals have increased by
more than 10 fold in the past
few years
Permanent
magnets for:
direct drive wind
turbines
Current magnets: Nd‐Fe‐B, Sm‐Co
Advanced
electric
drive motors
44. History of development of permanent magnets
Best magnets contain rare-earth elements: Nd, Dy, Sm
Nd-Fe-B
Sm-Co
Year
56. Exploration of new superconductors: Fe-B
composition spread
3” wafer
Fe rich B rich
16 spot 4‐terminal
pogo pin arrays:
Cut wafers into 1
cm2 pieces and
measure 16 spots
at once
Color change tracks:
composition change, crystallinity
change, and metal to insulator transition
57. Fe-B composition spread: Fe-rich side, 16 spots on one 1 cm2 chip
Ch 113” wafer
more Bmore Fe
temperature
resistance
4.2 K 300 K
All metallic
59. Ch 11
Ch 3
Ch 13
Middle region:
FeB2 – FeB4
more Bmore Fe
temperature
resistance
4.2 K 300 K
Fe-B composition spread: FeBx(x =2-4), 16 spots on one 1 cm2 chip