Regular dental checkups can identify cavities and other issues before they worsen. Treatment for cavities depends on their severity and the individual situation. Options include fluoride treatments for early decay, fillings for moderate decay, crowns for extensive decay, root canals for infected teeth, and extractions for severely decayed teeth. The goals of treatment are to restore function, stop further decay, preserve the tooth's vitality, and restore aesthetics. Cavity preparation involves removing decay and shaping the tooth to allow for restorative materials to be placed and function properly. The type of preparation depends on the class of the cavity.