The document provides an in-depth overview of Class V cavity designs for various restorative materials including amalgam, composite, and glass ionomer, highlighting preparation techniques and advantages for each. It discusses indications, contraindications, and the importance of proper cavity preparation to ensure effective restoration while protecting tooth structure. Additionally, it emphasizes techniques for achieving optimal retention and preparation form based on the extent of lesions.

1. Dr. Sheetal Kotni
CLASS V
CAVITY
DESIGNS

2. CONTENTS

3. Summitt's Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry-4th ed.

4. Operating
Field
Gingival
retraction with
gingival
retraction cord
No. 212
retainer
Rubber dam
isolation
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

5. 01 Class V cavity designs for Amalgam restorations

6. Class V cavity designs for Amalgam restorations
01 0 1
• Cervical and root caries
• Incipient, smooth-surface enamel caries appears as a
chalky white line on facial surface
Indications
0 3
• Stronger
• Easier to place
• Less expensive
• Easily distinguished from the surrounding tooth structure
• Easier to finish and polish without damage to the adjacent
surfaces.
Advantages
0 2 • Esthetically important areas
Contraindications
0 4
Disadvantages
• Metallic and unesthetic.
• 90-degree cavosurface margins and specific axial depths
result in a less conservative preparation
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

7. Outline form and Initial depth
Cavosurface margins in sound tooth structure
Limited axial depth-
0.5 mm inside the DEJ,
0.75 mm inside cementum (when on the root surface)
A tapered fissure bur of suitable size (e.g., No. 271)- Initial
entry into caries/ restoration.
The edge of the end of the bur > the flat end of the bur-
Reducing the bur’s “crawling.”
The bur orientation is adjusted to ensure that all external
walls are perpendicular to the external tooth surface and
parallel to the enamel rods
Alternatively, an appropriate carbide bur (usually No. 2 or
No. 4) for the initial tooth preparation. Round
burs are indicated in areas inaccessible to a fissure bur
that is
held perpendicular to the tooth surface. Smaller
round burs define the internal angles enhancing proper
placement of the retention grooves.
The axial wall is convex.
Depth of axial wall:
Incisal wall - more enamel ( 1-1.25 mm ) > gingival wall-
little or no enamel ( 0.75-1 mm)
Helps in pulp protection by increasing RDT.
Initial tooth preparation

8. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

9. Removing any remaining
infected dentin with a No. 2 or
No. 4 round bur; pulp
protection; retention form;
finishing external walls; and
cleaning, inspecting, and
desensitizing.
• Final tooth
preparation
(1) No clinical or radiographic
evidence of recurrent caries
exists,
(2) The periphery of the base
and liner is intact
(3) The tooth is asymptomatic.
• Any old restorative
material (including
base and liner)
remaining may be
left if:
Because the walls of the
tooth preparation are
perpendicular to the external
tooth surface, they usually
diverge facially.
Consequently, no inherent
retention
•Retention form must
be provided because
the primary retention
form for an
amalgam restoration
is macromechanical.
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

10. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative
Dentistry, 6th ed.

11. • The depth of the grooves - 0.25 mm (half of bur diameter).
• Adequate retention grooves - the only retention form to the preparation.
• In a large Class V amalgam preparation, extending the retention groove circumferentially around
all the internal line angles of the tooth preparation may enhance the retention form.
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

12. Finally, the preparation is cleaned and inspected for completeness.
A desensitizer is applied.
• an angle-former chisel may be used to prepare the retention form.
• In addition, a No. 331/2 bur can be used
If access is inadequate for
use of the No. 1/4 round bur
• Amalgam can be condensed into rounded areas better than into sharp
areas, resulting in better adaptation of amalgam into the retention
grooves
The rounded retention form
placed with the No. 1/4 round
bur is generally preferred
• Suitable hand instruments (e.g., chisels, GMT) are used to plane the
enamel margins, verifying soundness and 90-degree cavosurface angles
If necessary
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

13. Large Preparations That Include Line Angles
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

14. • Because of the proximity of the coronoid process, access
to the facial surfaces of maxillary molars, particularly the
second molars, is often limited.
• Having the patient partially close and shift the mandible
toward the tooth being restored improves access and
visibility
• The previously placed amalgam serves as the distal wall
of the preparation.
• When proper treatment requires Class II and V amalgam
restorations on the same tooth, the Class II preparation
and restoration is completed before initiating the Class V
restoration.
• If the Class V restoration were done first, it might be
damaged by the matrix band and wedge needed for the
Class II restoration.
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

15. Summitt's Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry-4th ed.

16. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

17. Class V cavity
designs for
Amalgam
restorations
ac. to Marzouk
Design 1
Design 2
Design 3
Design 4
Design 5

18. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

19. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

20. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

21. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

22. 02 Class V cavity designs for direct filling gold
restorations

23. Class V cavity designs for direct filling gold restorations
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General shape of the cavity-
Trapezoidal
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Semilunar shape
Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

24. Advantages of trapezoid shape of cavity preparation for Ferrier design
a. Most convenient form of
gingival 1/3rd of cavity prep
b. Most esthetic shape of final restoration as occlusal
margins parallel to occlusal plane. Gingival, mesial,
distal outlines partially hidden by gingiva
c. Trapezoidal shape with linear
outlines- avoids overextension and
overhangs due to predictable margins
Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

25. Convex axial wall following
tooth contour
2 planed mesial, distal walls.
4 planed gingival, occlusal walls
Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

26. No. 331/2 inverted
cone bur, flat
bladed plastic
instrument to
protect dam
Straight and
smooth gingival
wall at right
angles to other
walls
Planing occlusal
wall with
wedelstaedt
chisel
900 Cavosurface
angle
900 axioocclusal
angle
Other walls
refined with
small
monoangled
chisel
Principles and Practice of Operative Dentistry- Charbeneau 3rd ed.

27. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

28. Operative Dentistry: Modern Theory and Practice- Marzouk

29. • Indications: Apical location of height of contour
• No clear demarcation between mesial, distal, gingival walls
• Limited inciso-gingival width

30. Textbook of Operative Dentistry: Vimal K Sikri, 4th ed.

31. 03 Class V cavity designs for Direct composite
restorations

32. For small or moderate
lesions that don't
extend onto the root
surface
Decalcified
enamel lesion having a broken,
rough surface
extending mesially or distally
from the cavitated lesion
Aberrant Smooth
Surface Pit Fault
With bilateral
extension occlusally
With unilateral
extension occlusally
Class V Abrasion or
Erosion Area
Large Lesions or
Defects that Extend
onto the Root Surface
Designs of Class V cavity preparation for Composite
Restorations based on extent of lesion
Textbook of Operative Dentistry: Vimal K Sikri, 4th ed. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed

33. Class V Tooth Preparation for Small or Moderate Lesions or Defects That Do
Not Extend Onto the Root Surface
Class V (E and F) initial composite restorations (primary caries).
Restoring as
conservatively
No butt joints,
no groove
retention
Lesion is
scooped out
Divergent walls,
axial wall not
uniform in
depth
Initial tooth prep- round
diamond or carbide
bur eliminating the entire
enamel lesion
Dentin extension
only if necessary
Results in a
slightly bevelled
enamel margin
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

34. Ideal for small enamel defects or
small primary caries lesions
(Fig. 9-25, A). These include
decalcified and hypoplastic
areas located in the cervical third
of the teeth
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

35. A path of a decalcified
enamel lesion having a broken,
rough surface
extends mesially or distally from the
cavitated lesion (or
failing existing restoration). After
preparation of the cavitated
lesion (or failing restoration), the
margins of the preparation
are extended to include these areas
of decalcification by using
a round diamond or bur to prepare
the cavosurface margin in
the form of a chamfer, extended in
the enamel only to a depth
that removes the defect
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

36. Textbook of Operative Dentistry: Vimal K Sikri, 4th ed.

37. Tooth Preparation for A Class V Abrasion or Erosion Area
Roughening of internal walls, bevelling of enamel margins, If necessary, the root surface cavosurface
margins should be prepared to approximately 90 degrees
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

38. Class V Tooth Preparation for Large Lesions or Defects that Extend
onto the Root Surface
When a tapered fissure bur(271) or diamond is used, the handpiece is maneuvered to maintain the bur’s
long axis perpendicular to the external surface of the tooth during preparation of the outline form, which
should result in 90-degree cavosurface margins.
• Bevel-
Flame-
shaped
diamond
• Angle-
450
• Width-
atleast
0.5mm
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

39. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

40. Tooth Preparation for Aberrant Smooth Surface Pit Fault
• The outline form (extensions and depth) is dictated by the extent of the fault or caries lesion.
• Faults existing entirely in enamel are prepared with an appropriately-sized round diamond instrument by merely
eliminating the defect (see Fig. 9-31, B).
• Adequate retention is obtained by bonding.
• When the defect includes carious dentin, the infected portion is removed also, leaving a flared enamel margin
Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 6th ed.

41. Flowable resin composite
• As the tooth flexes, the less rigid restoration might be able to accommodate the change in
cavity shape and therefore be more difficult to dislodge. Not supported by clinical trials.
• The use of a flowable resin composite as a liner has not been shown to improve clinical
performance
Reduced filler
particle
loading
Lower elastic
modulus
Higher
polymerization
shrinkage
Higher COTE
Lower fracture
toughness
relative to
traditional
resin
composites

42. 04 Class V cavity designs for GIC restorations

43. Glass Ionomer Restorations for Class V cavities
Indications
• GIC- Anticariogenic -
Material of choice for
restoring root-surface
caries in patients with
high caries activity,
esthetics is not as
critical.
• Notched cervical
defects of idiopathic
erosion or abrasion
orgin
• Gingival recession
leading to caries
Preparation GI sandwich technique Compomer
• Similar to dental
amalgam without the
mechanical retention
• Cavosurface bevels
are not recommended
because GIC is a
brittle material that
requires bulk for
strength.
• A 90-degree butt joint
approximately 1 mm
deep is a reasonable
minimum thickness.
• GI- replaces the missing
dentin, reduce leakage
improve the potential for
tissue attachment for
subgingival restorations, and
potentially increase retention.
• A veneer of resin composite
is placed to enhance
esthetics, increase color
stability, improve marginal
performance, provide a
smoother surface, and
increase abrasion resistance
• Restore teeth that have
carious cervical lesions
and NCCLs
• Pro- lack of “stickiness”
has brought them ready
acceptance in the
marketplace.
• Cons- the marginal
integrity of compomers
has been worse than that
of resin composites in
long-term clinical trials.
Summitt's Fundamentals of Operative
Dentistry-4th ed.

44. Summitt's Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry-4thed

47. THANK
YOU