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Class 7 presentation
- 1. 2D Essentials Instructor: Laura Gerold, PE Catalog #10614113 { Class # 22784, 24113, 24136, & 24138 Class Start: January 18, 2012 Class End: May 16, 2012
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- 3. When do youinclude the projection angle symbol on plans? When you are working on plans that will be used in Europe or Asia.
- 4. ELLIPSE TEMPLATES These ellipseguides are usually designated by the ellipse angle, the angle at which a circle is viewed to appear as an ellipse.
- 5. DRAWING A FOCIELLIPSE Major axis = long axis of ellipse Minor axis = short axis of ellipse The foci of the ellipse are two special points E and F on the ellipse's major axis and are equidistant from the center point. The sum of the distances from any point P on the ellipse to those two foci is constant and equal to the major axis ( PE + PF2= 2A ). Each of these two points is called a focus of the ellipse.
- 6. DRAWING A FOCIELLIPSE Let AB be the major axis and CD the minor axis To find foci E and F, draw arcs R with radius equal to half the major axis and centers at the end of the minor axis Between E and O on the major axis, mark at random a number of points. Using a random point (point 3), with E and F as centers and radii A-3 and B-3, draw arcs to intersect at four points 3’. Use the remaining points to find four additional points on the ellipse in the same manner. Sketch the ellipse lightly through the points
- 7. Drawing an Ellipse Draw a major axis 5” long and a minor axis 2.5” long. Draw an ellipse by the foci method with at least five points in each quadrant
- 8. DRAWING AN ARCTANGENT TO TWO LINES AT ACUTE OROBTUSE ANGLES Given two lines not making a 90° Draw lines parallel to the given lines at distance R from them to intersect at C the center From C, drop perpendiculars to the given lines to locate tangent points, T With C as the center and with given radius R, draw the required tangent arc between the points of tangency
- 9. DRAWING AN ARCTANGENT TO TWO LINES AT ACUTE OROBTUSE ANGLES Draw two intersecting lines at an acute angle, each 2.5 inches long Draw a 1.5 inch radius arc tangent to the two lines
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- 11. How Many Questionsare on the Test? 50 You have the entire class period to complete the test
- 12. How are thequestions formatted? True and False Multiple Choice Fill in the Blank Essay Questions Drawing
- 13. What can Ibring? All of your drawing utensils A Calculator This is NOT an open book exam. Other electronic devices can not be used in place of a calculator
- 14. What do Ineed to know how to draw? Circles Squares Bisect an angle Perpendicular Bisect a line Triangles Orthographic Sketches Alphabet of Lines Lettering
- 15. What Chapters inthe Book Will be Covered? Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 (Sections 1-5) Chapter 4 Chapter 5
- 16. What Should IUse to Study? Class Notes (Power Points on Blackboard) Class Notes you took Homework Textbook
- 17. Potential Topics onTest Identify and Describe the five phases of the design process Identify what technical drawings are used for Identify why drawing by hand is still useful Identify who creates technical drawings and what professions use them Draw & Identify the Alphabet of Lines
- 18. Potential Topics onTest Apply civil engineering scales to sketches of simple objects Apply architectural scales to sketches of simple objects Scale a drawing up or down using scale ratios (ex 1:2, 2:1) Apply standard lettering practice and standards to sketches Identify negative space
- 19. Potential Topics onTest Describe Prisms Describe Cylinders Describe Pyramids Describe Cones Describe Spheres Describe a Torus Describe Ellipsoids
- 20. Potential Topics onTest Describe Parallelograms Describe a Trapezoid Describe a Trapezium Describe a Regular Polygon up to 8 Sides Describe a Circumference of a Circle Describe Diameter of a Circle Describe Radius of a Circle Describe a Quadrant of a Circle Describe a Chord of a Circle Describe Concentric Circles Describe Eccentric Circles Identify the point at which a line is tangent to an arc Identify the pint at which an arc is tangent to an arc
- 21. Potential Topics onTest Differentiate between the 1st and 3rd Angle Projection Name and position the 6 primary views Create orthographic sketches of simple objects Transfer dimensions Apply hidden line conventions to sketches Apply line precedence conventions to sketches
- 22. What are youconfused about? Write down a question that you still have about a topic that will be covered on the test. Share the question and topic with your group As a group determine the answer to the question Still stumped? Ask a neighboring group Classroom stumped? Save the question for the end and ask me
- 23. Stand up andStretch . . . It’s time for a review game!
- 24. Information Domination Which Team Will Dominate? Winning team will each receive 5 extra credit points. Pick a team name Team members pick a category and answer the next question in that category All question are answered in order starting with 1 then 2, etc. If the team answers correctly, they get 2 points If they have to use their text to answer, they only get 1 point If nobody on the team is able to answer the question correctly, they can say “pass.” The next team gets a chance to answer for 1 point.
- 25. Information Domination DesignProcess 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Alphabet of Lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Scales 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Lettering 1, 2, 3, 4 Solids 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Planar Shapes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Orthographic Sketches 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- 26. Ready for theTest?? { Any additional questions??
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- 28. VIEWS OF SURFACES Thereare terms used for describing a surface’s orientation to the plane of projection. The three orientations that a plane surface can have to the plane of projection are normal, inclined, and oblique. Note how a plane surface that is perpendicular to a plane of projection appears on edge as a straight line
- 29. Wisconsin House Hotel– Normal Surfaces
- 30. Normal Surfaces A normal surface is parallel to the plane of projection It appears its true shape and size on orthographic drawings. A edges are true length on plane of projection
- 31. “Normal” Group Project Use your blocks to make a creation different than last week Sketch the three necessary views
- 32. Heritage Hill –Inclined Surfaces
- 33. Inclined Surfaces An inclined surface is perpendicular to one plane of projection It is inclined or tipped to adjacent planes Inclined edge is parallel to one plane of projection and appears true length on this plan (appears as angled line) Inclined edge appears as a foreshortened line on adjacent planes (appears as horizontal or vertical line)
- 34. “Inclined” Group Project Each group gets a right triangular prism Draw the three necessary views What was different about drawing the inclined planes versus the normal planes (with the blocks)?
- 35. Milwaukee Art Museum– Oblique Surfaces
- 36. Oblique Surfaces An oblique surface is tipped on all principal planes of projections It does not appear on edge or true size in any standard view An oblique edge appears foreshortened and at an angle in every view
- 37. “Oblique” Group Project As a group, try to think of any oblique surfaces you have seen at home, work, or on your way here tonight. Sketch up a few and present to class
- 38. ANGLES If an angleis in a normal plane (a plane parallel to a plane of projection) it will show true size on the plane of projection to which it is parallel.
- 39. Chapter 6 –2D Drawing Representation {
- 40. Conventional Representations Standard orthographicprojections don’t always show complex shapes as clearly and simply as you may wish, so certain alternative practices, referred to as conventions, are accepted. Conventions are like rules for breaking the rules. Note how these views are projected What do you notice on these drawings? Orthographic Views of Intersecting and Tangent Surfaces. (Lockhart, Shawna D.; Johnson, Cindy M., Engineering Design Communication: Conveying DesignThrough Graphics, 1st, © 2000. Printed and Electronically reproduced by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.)
- 41. Removed Views Can’t always show all views on a sheet When this is the case, use a removed view Two ways to show this. . .
- 42. Removed Views –Type 1 Use a View Indicator arrow to show direction of sight
- 43. Removed Views –Type 2 Use a Viewing Plane Line
- 44. Group Project –Removed Views Remove a View from one of your group drawings of today Create a removed view plane using an indicator arrow or viewing plane line
- 45. Manufactured Features • Fillet • Round • Counterbore • Countersink • Spotface • Boss • Lug • Flange • Chamfer • Neck • Keyway/Keyseat • Knurl • Bushing
- 46. Manufactured Features For class on March 21st, bring in objects with “manufactured features” for use in group projects
- 47. Review of Drafting Overview of Drafting
- 48. What’s Next? • Testnext week – March 7th • Spring Break March 14th - NO CLASS • Finish Chapter 6 – 2D Drawing Representation on March 21st
- 49. On one of your sketches, answer the following two questions: What was the most useful thing that you learned today? What do you still have questions about? Questions?
- 50. Chapter 5 ReviewQuestion: 5 Chapter 5 Exercises: 5.2, 5.5 (9), 5.6 (8– no isometric drawing) Homework – Due March 21st!