Theory that emerges and tends to impose a new urbanity and liveability is that of Ecopolis of the future - ecologically clean city-which focuses on the concept of sustainable development while giving priority to the relationship between economic, social development and quality of life in the built environment. Traditionally cultural aspect of urbanism contains components with an appropriate sacred cosmic symbolism and an urbanism of social consensus between residents, government and professionals in the creation of the Ecopolis. The empirical focus of this paper is the city within the Islamic cultural tradition. This paper is an attempt to grasp the cultural conception of the Medina of Tunis, Tunisia and the traditional urban regulations by a study of classical religio-architectural treatises of Islam. This article will discuss the approach and the lesson we can learn from the traditional modele in a time of ecological crisis and high urbanization.
A Development of a Reliable and Trusted Mobile RFID-based Asset Management Sy...drboon
Â
Physical asset management is very important to monitor the existence and functionality of the asset in organization. It including ensure the asset is locate at the recorded location and still can be used by the staff. Usually the monitoring exercise is done by checking the id number that stick to the assets and compare it with the record. The process of getting the id number can be done manually or by using a barcode. However this will take time because there are number of assets in one location and it takes time to locate the number sticker. We proposed the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to automatically detect the assets and provide reports on the mismatch of asset and location. The use of RFID required less time to perform the asset monitoring and increase efficiency in data management. It can connect with the database to match the records of assets and its location. By ensuring the safety of the assets, we can prolong its lifecycle where this will contributes to more sustainable and greener world.
The Physical Attributes of Healing Garden for A Century Old Healthcare Premisesdrboon
Â
The government have realised the benefits of healing garden in public healthcare facilities since 1990s. As a result most of the healthcare facilities build thereafter have incorporated the healing garden as part of the aspect to be considered when designing new ones. The healthcare facilities built before the move has also taken the initiative to renovate their spaces to accommodate the healing gardens. The paper focuses on the physical attributes of the healing garden of two old healthcare premises whether they accord with the healing garden attributes. The methodology for the study is through observation and interviews. The data collected is content analysed. The study found that they do accord with the attributes. However accessibility to the garden is the main concern that needs readdressing to accommodate users with different physical abilities.
ITJEMAST5(2): Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engin...drboon
Â
An After-Stay Satisfaction Survey of Residents Living in Prefabricated Concrete Structures in Thailand
Hydrothermal Assisted Microwave Pyrolysis of Water Hyacinth for Electrochemical Capacitors Electrodes
Group Technology Paves the Road for Automation
Effect of Laser Priming on accumulation of Free Proline in Spring Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) under Salinity Stress
Livable Public Open Space for Citizenâs Quality of Life in Medan, Indonesia
Effect of Combined Antenna Electromagnetic Power to Humandrboon
Â
This paper investigates the effect of the combined signals from the nearby cellular towers that have toward population health in Thailand. We investigate the frequencies in the operating ranges of GSM 850/ 900/ 1800/ 1900/ and 2100 MHz. Both power and frequency of electromagnetic wave have influence to living cell. In theory, these combined signals strength can fluctuate the energy level of certain minerals that are key components of human internal organs. These minerals, such as K+, Ca++, and Na+, are crucial in maintaining the balance for healthy body. The damage to the living organ from the small amount of heat energy that caused by the vibration of polar dielectric, such as H2O is even less than the damage that is caused by displacement of electron in the these minerals. In theory the charged particle that originated from as such demonstrates property of electric vector (magnitude, phase and direction) which cause the living cell to be prone to oxidization and degenerated; it can deviate from its normality. Hence, this study is crucial to human and all livings.
An Observation of Traffic Violations at a Crossroad with an Installation of a...drboon
Â
Traffic violations have been observed at a crossroad at the sub-urban Bangkok area,
four days before and four days after an installation of a full-size standing patrol police officer
model with full police dress. Observation is made in the afternoon and in the evening, two
hours each. Three violation types are observed, driving against traffic flow, traffic light
violations, and no U-turn violations. We find that the puppet police works well during the
first few days of the installation, and then its eff
ectiveness decreases in later days. During
four days of installation of the puppet police, the overall violations drop about twenty percent
ITJEMAST 5(3):: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management,...drboon
Â
This document discusses the importance of spatial configuration and functional efficiency in shopping mall design. It provides background on the history and evolution of shopping malls. The key factors that influence functional performance are the distribution of internal activities and connectivity between spaces. The document examines different theories about how spatial layout determines, influences, or provides options for user movement. Understanding shopping behaviors can help design movement paths and visual effects that keep shoppers engaged longer. Assessing the spatial configurations of malls in Bahrain showed that design solutions impacted functional efficiency, with one mall in particular offering better performance. Variations in spatial characteristics led to variations in functional efficiency levels between malls.
Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise A...drboon
Â
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the impact of building envelope modifications on the energy performance of high-rise apartments in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Three high-rise apartment buildings were modeled using EnergyPlus software to analyze the effects of thermal insulation and glazing type on potential energy savings. The study found that integrating passive envelope design measures like improved insulation and higher performing glazing could help reduce energy consumption and peak cooling loads in the apartments. Modifying elements of the building envelope, especially the walls and windows, may enable significant energy savings potential for high-rise residential buildings in hot and humid climates.
Problems of Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer in Manufacturing Processes: A Br...drboon
Â
In machining processes the chip flows over the tool rake and carries heat away as it moves. This is a case of mass transportation with heat transfer. Similarly, during hot forging, upsetting or coining processes heat is transferred from the hot billet to the relatively cooler dies, punches or hammers with momentum transfer under high impact load. Also, in high energy rate fabrication (HERF) processes, such as electromagnetic forming, explosive forming, impact extrusion, etc. heat is generated almost instantaneously, in milliseconds, and its dissipation is a serious industrial problem due to the very short process cycle time. In the present paper some of the problems related to heat, mass and momentum transfer in the above mentioned manufacturing processes are reviewed and compared with experimental results.
A Development of a Reliable and Trusted Mobile RFID-based Asset Management Sy...drboon
Â
Physical asset management is very important to monitor the existence and functionality of the asset in organization. It including ensure the asset is locate at the recorded location and still can be used by the staff. Usually the monitoring exercise is done by checking the id number that stick to the assets and compare it with the record. The process of getting the id number can be done manually or by using a barcode. However this will take time because there are number of assets in one location and it takes time to locate the number sticker. We proposed the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to automatically detect the assets and provide reports on the mismatch of asset and location. The use of RFID required less time to perform the asset monitoring and increase efficiency in data management. It can connect with the database to match the records of assets and its location. By ensuring the safety of the assets, we can prolong its lifecycle where this will contributes to more sustainable and greener world.
The Physical Attributes of Healing Garden for A Century Old Healthcare Premisesdrboon
Â
The government have realised the benefits of healing garden in public healthcare facilities since 1990s. As a result most of the healthcare facilities build thereafter have incorporated the healing garden as part of the aspect to be considered when designing new ones. The healthcare facilities built before the move has also taken the initiative to renovate their spaces to accommodate the healing gardens. The paper focuses on the physical attributes of the healing garden of two old healthcare premises whether they accord with the healing garden attributes. The methodology for the study is through observation and interviews. The data collected is content analysed. The study found that they do accord with the attributes. However accessibility to the garden is the main concern that needs readdressing to accommodate users with different physical abilities.
ITJEMAST5(2): Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engin...drboon
Â
An After-Stay Satisfaction Survey of Residents Living in Prefabricated Concrete Structures in Thailand
Hydrothermal Assisted Microwave Pyrolysis of Water Hyacinth for Electrochemical Capacitors Electrodes
Group Technology Paves the Road for Automation
Effect of Laser Priming on accumulation of Free Proline in Spring Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) under Salinity Stress
Livable Public Open Space for Citizenâs Quality of Life in Medan, Indonesia
Effect of Combined Antenna Electromagnetic Power to Humandrboon
Â
This paper investigates the effect of the combined signals from the nearby cellular towers that have toward population health in Thailand. We investigate the frequencies in the operating ranges of GSM 850/ 900/ 1800/ 1900/ and 2100 MHz. Both power and frequency of electromagnetic wave have influence to living cell. In theory, these combined signals strength can fluctuate the energy level of certain minerals that are key components of human internal organs. These minerals, such as K+, Ca++, and Na+, are crucial in maintaining the balance for healthy body. The damage to the living organ from the small amount of heat energy that caused by the vibration of polar dielectric, such as H2O is even less than the damage that is caused by displacement of electron in the these minerals. In theory the charged particle that originated from as such demonstrates property of electric vector (magnitude, phase and direction) which cause the living cell to be prone to oxidization and degenerated; it can deviate from its normality. Hence, this study is crucial to human and all livings.
An Observation of Traffic Violations at a Crossroad with an Installation of a...drboon
Â
Traffic violations have been observed at a crossroad at the sub-urban Bangkok area,
four days before and four days after an installation of a full-size standing patrol police officer
model with full police dress. Observation is made in the afternoon and in the evening, two
hours each. Three violation types are observed, driving against traffic flow, traffic light
violations, and no U-turn violations. We find that the puppet police works well during the
first few days of the installation, and then its eff
ectiveness decreases in later days. During
four days of installation of the puppet police, the overall violations drop about twenty percent
ITJEMAST 5(3):: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management,...drboon
Â
This document discusses the importance of spatial configuration and functional efficiency in shopping mall design. It provides background on the history and evolution of shopping malls. The key factors that influence functional performance are the distribution of internal activities and connectivity between spaces. The document examines different theories about how spatial layout determines, influences, or provides options for user movement. Understanding shopping behaviors can help design movement paths and visual effects that keep shoppers engaged longer. Assessing the spatial configurations of malls in Bahrain showed that design solutions impacted functional efficiency, with one mall in particular offering better performance. Variations in spatial characteristics led to variations in functional efficiency levels between malls.
Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise A...drboon
Â
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the impact of building envelope modifications on the energy performance of high-rise apartments in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Three high-rise apartment buildings were modeled using EnergyPlus software to analyze the effects of thermal insulation and glazing type on potential energy savings. The study found that integrating passive envelope design measures like improved insulation and higher performing glazing could help reduce energy consumption and peak cooling loads in the apartments. Modifying elements of the building envelope, especially the walls and windows, may enable significant energy savings potential for high-rise residential buildings in hot and humid climates.
Problems of Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer in Manufacturing Processes: A Br...drboon
Â
In machining processes the chip flows over the tool rake and carries heat away as it moves. This is a case of mass transportation with heat transfer. Similarly, during hot forging, upsetting or coining processes heat is transferred from the hot billet to the relatively cooler dies, punches or hammers with momentum transfer under high impact load. Also, in high energy rate fabrication (HERF) processes, such as electromagnetic forming, explosive forming, impact extrusion, etc. heat is generated almost instantaneously, in milliseconds, and its dissipation is a serious industrial problem due to the very short process cycle time. In the present paper some of the problems related to heat, mass and momentum transfer in the above mentioned manufacturing processes are reviewed and compared with experimental results.
Factor Affecting Roof Leaking Focusing on Material Used for Concrete and Meta...drboon
Â
The paper shares the findings on the typical problems facing the heritage or old buildings in term of the problem pertaining to building leakage symptom scenario in Malaysia. Initialized from the problem finding, the paper highlight list of potential solutions best practiced by the local professional waterproofing implementer. By clearly identifying the possible factors that cause the leakage, one can take early steps to prevent the same defects form repeating thus savings can be achieved on the budget side. From the finding analysis, this paper gives the formulation ideas that can be used for creating a framework to prevent or minimize the building leakage syndrome focusing to concrete flat roof and metal roofing from re-happening.
Effect of Exchangeable Cations on Bentonite Swelling Characteristics of Geosy...drboon
Â
1) The study characterized the swelling behavior of bentonite in geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
2) The X-ray diffraction results showed that bentonite swelling decreased with increasing valence of exchangeable cations and increasing concentration of permeant solutions. Bentonite swelling was highest with deionized water and lowest with calcium chloride solutions.
3) Scanning electron microscopy images showed that bentonite has a flake-like structure when air-dried but becomes more porous and fluffy after permeation. The porous structure decreased with increasing concentration of calcium chloride solutions.
ATEAS V1(3):: American Transactions on Engineering & Applied Sciencesdrboon
Â
This document summarizes the development of a shorter version of the Student Accommodation Preferences Index (SAPI) through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The original SAPI instrument developed by Khozaei et al. (2011) consisted of 60 items across 6 factors. The current study aimed to develop a shorter, valid and reliable version of the SAPI by collecting new data and performing an iterative process of confirmatory factor analysis. This resulted in a 29 item instrument across the same 6 factors, providing a more concise tool to examine student accommodation preferences while maintaining validity and reliability.
This document discusses characterization in fiction through direct and indirect methods. It defines characterization as the portrayal and description of fictional characters. There are two main types of characterization - direct, which tells the audience about a character's personality, and indirect, which shows aspects of a character to reveal their personality. Indirect characterization is generally more complex and uses methods like a character's speech, thoughts, actions, effects on others, and appearance. The document provides examples of both direct and indirect characterization and discusses additional characterization techniques like different character types and how characters can be developed through existence in a story.
Es una materia que trata de los vegetales y plantas de modo descriptivo. Y de un modo muy completo. Ătil para los que le gustan las plantas y su cultivo.
Using Adobe Photoshop to Scale the Rate of the Shapeâs Deformation By Colour ...drboon
Â
Interior designers are quite cognizant of the colour significance as a basic element of design, in order to achieve aesthetic and functional demands. This paper aims to present an empirical model for interpreting the relationship between the colourâ contrast and highlighting the foreground objects, by measuring the values of the deformation via using Adobe Photoshop software. The experiment contained practical steps of calculation and analysing the amount of the chromatic deformation of the foreground objects, which is represented by 6 samples model. These samples of coloured spots are tested within two phases; with coloured background based on Itten colour wheel, and with a neutral background âgreyscale wheelâ; and comparing the results by calculating the amount of distortion, through measuring angle's values. The findings showed that using of contrast application is useful as an empirical method for scaling the chromatic interaction between the foreground and the background. By using T-Test analysis the findings emphasized that the colour contrast had a significant impact on highlighting or distorting the foreground shapes.
Genital arousal can occur without conscious awareness and conflict with subjective feelings of arousal. Studies found physical genital arousal in response to erotic stimuli even when participants reported no subjective arousal. Additionally, genital arousal did not always match self-reported preferences and was influenced by stress levels, with higher stress correlated with lower sexual functioning. However, arousal responses are fluid and can potentially be influenced through changing one's mental approach to retune the disconnect between genital and subjective arousal.
Planning Model of Religious Cultural Heritage Buildings as a Concept to Inten...drboon
Â
This document summarizes a study on developing a planning model for religious cultural heritage buildings in Jakarta, Indonesia. It begins by noting that many historic religious buildings in Jakarta are not being properly maintained and some have led to conflicts as the city develops rapidly around them. The study aims to identify issues with religious cultural heritage buildings and develop a model for their arrangement that harmonizes their religious values with their surrounding environments. It reviews literature on previous studies of religious buildings and cultural heritage sites. The document discusses how a building's arrangement can shape the identity and sense of belonging of a local community and region. It argues that a model is needed for arranging religious cultural heritage areas that preserves their meaning and values while establishing harmony with communities.
A New Methodology for Assessing the Minimum Need of Bedrooms Number and Size ...drboon
Â
When comparing dwellings size and percentages in most of the current housing developments in Iraq with householdâs size and distribution, they rarely match. That may lead to reducing the accessibility of families to satisfy their housing need. Since there is no up-to-date practical local methodology or criterion available for assessing minimum need of bedrooms number and size for dwellings and their percentages, this research established one.
This research suggested a methodology to classify families of a community to subgroups by their childrenâs number and gender, calculate their percentages and allocating the appropriate size of dwellings. The research results show that the methodology can determine the various required types and percentages of dwellings that can match minimum need of low income families. It also shows that greater diversification of dwelling units size is essential in local residential developments which differs from what is implemented in the majority of these developments. The research recommends extending studies to assess the need for other local governorates of bigger average family size and assess the future required bedrooms extension for originating and growing families to reduce their movements.
The document summarizes some of the main thematic concerns in Wuthering Heights in 3 paragraphs. It discusses how revenge between Heathcliff and Hindley stems from unbridled death. It also examines how inheritance creates a barrier to family relationships as seen through Earnshaw's bequest. Finally, it mentions Catherine's desire to become a lady and gain social advancement as a reason for her perfidy. The document lists some of the main characters and observes that a person's behavior depends on different situations, reacting more emphatically the more they are suppressed. It expresses gratitude to the guide and notes.
The document summarizes a workshop agenda on workplace wellbeing. The agenda includes presentations on why organizations should invest in workplace wellbeing, the impact of stress and an aging workforce on workers' compensation, challenges in measuring return on investment for wellbeing programs, survey findings on current wellbeing practices, and an open discussion period. Key topics discussed are the business case for wellbeing, common health issues faced by employees, strategies for preventing stress claims and managing an aging workforce, approaches for measuring the impact of wellbeing programs, and barriers to implementing such programs.
An Investigation on Patrol Robot Coverage Performance Based on Chaotic and no...drboon
Â
In some practical applications of the mobile robot, it is expected to ensure the fullest coverage of a certain area with or without obstacle avoidance. This paper shows that both chaotic and non chaotic signals can be advantageous for providing good coverage performance. Our study includes, in addition to parameters adjusting and mapping the appropriate chaotic variables to robot's kinematic variables, a comparison of the coverage performance generated by three different behaviors of Chuaâs circuit. These behaviors include an instable focus and two chaotic signals having single scroll and double scroll shaped phase portraits respectively. Contrary to a commonly held belief, a non-chaotic behavior can lead to generate complex trajectories of a mobile robot and to provide better coverage performance. Such behavior is an instable focus which is a repeller, obtained by using a particular parameter set of Chuaâs circuit.
This document provides a detailed shot list for a trailer for the supernatural horror-thriller film "The Unborn". The shot list explores key questions raised in the film around whether the main character will survive, if the exorcism will work, and what the ghost wants with her. It outlines various shots that would build tension, shock, and confusion in viewers and show the main character's reactions. Locations featured include her house, a city, hospital, her grandmother's room, and a graveyard. The shot list aims to give a sense of voyeurism, intimidation, clarity, and engage the audience through the visual storytelling of the trailer.
This document provides a summary of the background and history of mosque architecture. It discusses the typical elements of mosques like the prayer hall, courtyard, minaret, and mihrab. It outlines the evolution of mosque design from the early mosque of the Prophet in Medina, to the hypostyle plan used in places like the Great Mosque of Damascus, to variations with domes and minarets in different regions. The text also discusses the typical role of mosques within the urban fabric of Islamic cities historically, situated near markets but providing a respite from daily life. It aims to contextualize the contemporary mosque case studies that are featured later in the book.
HARAR GROUP; APROPRIATE BUILDING DESIGN PROJECT.pptxSharpEyu
Â
Harar, Ethiopia is an ancient walled city with a long history as a major commercial and cultural center. The traditional architecture of Harar's historic center, known as Jugol, consists of dense clusters of courtyard houses divided into neighborhoods. These courtyard houses, called gey abad, are organized around an internal courtyard and feature design elements that provide privacy, thermal comfort, and social spaces for family life and community gatherings. The urban fabric of narrow streets and alleys surrounding the houses establishes a clear hierarchy from public to private space and a sense of security and community within the historic city.
The document discusses Islamic principles of city planning and the design of Shahjahanabad, a historic city in India. Some key points:
- Islamic city planning is guided by principles from the Quran and hadith, including not causing harm, respecting privacy, sharing water, and locating sources of smell/noise away from mosques.
- A typical Islamic city layout centers around a grand mosque, with souqs (markets), residential quarters, and a citadel. Narrow streets separate public and private spaces.
- Shahjahanabad was planned according to Hindu texts, with the Red Fort at the junction of its two main axes along the Yamuna River. It had an elaborate infrastructure including the fort
1) Cultural influences are reflected in architectural designs. For example, famous buildings in different civilizations, such as the Parthenon in Greece and the Egyptian pyramids, reflect key aspects of those cultures like the importance of democracy and an authoritarian rule, respectively.
2) Religion also influences architecture through sacred structures designed for worship and through principles that guide lifestyle. For example, the House of Wisdom library incorporated values of the Islamic Golden Age like education and cultural sharing.
3) A city's culture can also be shaped by its architecture when new designs are built for specific functions. For instance, the construction of casinos and hotels in Las Vegas transformed its culture from a small town into a major entertainment hub.
Trade and urbanization in central islamic andtiakumze
Â
This group presentation discusses trade and urbanization in Central Islamic lands from the 7th to 13th centuries. During this period, known as the Islamic Golden Age, extensive trade networks flourished across vast regions, connecting places like China, Africa, and Europe. Major cities emerged as centers of commerce and learning, including Baghdad, Cairo, and Cordoba. Trade and urbanization fueled each other's growth, as cities expanded and infrastructure developed to facilitate trade, while merchants and goods exchanged across land and sea routes drove economic prosperity and cultural exchange.
Factor Affecting Roof Leaking Focusing on Material Used for Concrete and Meta...drboon
Â
The paper shares the findings on the typical problems facing the heritage or old buildings in term of the problem pertaining to building leakage symptom scenario in Malaysia. Initialized from the problem finding, the paper highlight list of potential solutions best practiced by the local professional waterproofing implementer. By clearly identifying the possible factors that cause the leakage, one can take early steps to prevent the same defects form repeating thus savings can be achieved on the budget side. From the finding analysis, this paper gives the formulation ideas that can be used for creating a framework to prevent or minimize the building leakage syndrome focusing to concrete flat roof and metal roofing from re-happening.
Effect of Exchangeable Cations on Bentonite Swelling Characteristics of Geosy...drboon
Â
1) The study characterized the swelling behavior of bentonite in geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
2) The X-ray diffraction results showed that bentonite swelling decreased with increasing valence of exchangeable cations and increasing concentration of permeant solutions. Bentonite swelling was highest with deionized water and lowest with calcium chloride solutions.
3) Scanning electron microscopy images showed that bentonite has a flake-like structure when air-dried but becomes more porous and fluffy after permeation. The porous structure decreased with increasing concentration of calcium chloride solutions.
ATEAS V1(3):: American Transactions on Engineering & Applied Sciencesdrboon
Â
This document summarizes the development of a shorter version of the Student Accommodation Preferences Index (SAPI) through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The original SAPI instrument developed by Khozaei et al. (2011) consisted of 60 items across 6 factors. The current study aimed to develop a shorter, valid and reliable version of the SAPI by collecting new data and performing an iterative process of confirmatory factor analysis. This resulted in a 29 item instrument across the same 6 factors, providing a more concise tool to examine student accommodation preferences while maintaining validity and reliability.
This document discusses characterization in fiction through direct and indirect methods. It defines characterization as the portrayal and description of fictional characters. There are two main types of characterization - direct, which tells the audience about a character's personality, and indirect, which shows aspects of a character to reveal their personality. Indirect characterization is generally more complex and uses methods like a character's speech, thoughts, actions, effects on others, and appearance. The document provides examples of both direct and indirect characterization and discusses additional characterization techniques like different character types and how characters can be developed through existence in a story.
Es una materia que trata de los vegetales y plantas de modo descriptivo. Y de un modo muy completo. Ătil para los que le gustan las plantas y su cultivo.
Using Adobe Photoshop to Scale the Rate of the Shapeâs Deformation By Colour ...drboon
Â
Interior designers are quite cognizant of the colour significance as a basic element of design, in order to achieve aesthetic and functional demands. This paper aims to present an empirical model for interpreting the relationship between the colourâ contrast and highlighting the foreground objects, by measuring the values of the deformation via using Adobe Photoshop software. The experiment contained practical steps of calculation and analysing the amount of the chromatic deformation of the foreground objects, which is represented by 6 samples model. These samples of coloured spots are tested within two phases; with coloured background based on Itten colour wheel, and with a neutral background âgreyscale wheelâ; and comparing the results by calculating the amount of distortion, through measuring angle's values. The findings showed that using of contrast application is useful as an empirical method for scaling the chromatic interaction between the foreground and the background. By using T-Test analysis the findings emphasized that the colour contrast had a significant impact on highlighting or distorting the foreground shapes.
Genital arousal can occur without conscious awareness and conflict with subjective feelings of arousal. Studies found physical genital arousal in response to erotic stimuli even when participants reported no subjective arousal. Additionally, genital arousal did not always match self-reported preferences and was influenced by stress levels, with higher stress correlated with lower sexual functioning. However, arousal responses are fluid and can potentially be influenced through changing one's mental approach to retune the disconnect between genital and subjective arousal.
Planning Model of Religious Cultural Heritage Buildings as a Concept to Inten...drboon
Â
This document summarizes a study on developing a planning model for religious cultural heritage buildings in Jakarta, Indonesia. It begins by noting that many historic religious buildings in Jakarta are not being properly maintained and some have led to conflicts as the city develops rapidly around them. The study aims to identify issues with religious cultural heritage buildings and develop a model for their arrangement that harmonizes their religious values with their surrounding environments. It reviews literature on previous studies of religious buildings and cultural heritage sites. The document discusses how a building's arrangement can shape the identity and sense of belonging of a local community and region. It argues that a model is needed for arranging religious cultural heritage areas that preserves their meaning and values while establishing harmony with communities.
A New Methodology for Assessing the Minimum Need of Bedrooms Number and Size ...drboon
Â
When comparing dwellings size and percentages in most of the current housing developments in Iraq with householdâs size and distribution, they rarely match. That may lead to reducing the accessibility of families to satisfy their housing need. Since there is no up-to-date practical local methodology or criterion available for assessing minimum need of bedrooms number and size for dwellings and their percentages, this research established one.
This research suggested a methodology to classify families of a community to subgroups by their childrenâs number and gender, calculate their percentages and allocating the appropriate size of dwellings. The research results show that the methodology can determine the various required types and percentages of dwellings that can match minimum need of low income families. It also shows that greater diversification of dwelling units size is essential in local residential developments which differs from what is implemented in the majority of these developments. The research recommends extending studies to assess the need for other local governorates of bigger average family size and assess the future required bedrooms extension for originating and growing families to reduce their movements.
The document summarizes some of the main thematic concerns in Wuthering Heights in 3 paragraphs. It discusses how revenge between Heathcliff and Hindley stems from unbridled death. It also examines how inheritance creates a barrier to family relationships as seen through Earnshaw's bequest. Finally, it mentions Catherine's desire to become a lady and gain social advancement as a reason for her perfidy. The document lists some of the main characters and observes that a person's behavior depends on different situations, reacting more emphatically the more they are suppressed. It expresses gratitude to the guide and notes.
The document summarizes a workshop agenda on workplace wellbeing. The agenda includes presentations on why organizations should invest in workplace wellbeing, the impact of stress and an aging workforce on workers' compensation, challenges in measuring return on investment for wellbeing programs, survey findings on current wellbeing practices, and an open discussion period. Key topics discussed are the business case for wellbeing, common health issues faced by employees, strategies for preventing stress claims and managing an aging workforce, approaches for measuring the impact of wellbeing programs, and barriers to implementing such programs.
An Investigation on Patrol Robot Coverage Performance Based on Chaotic and no...drboon
Â
In some practical applications of the mobile robot, it is expected to ensure the fullest coverage of a certain area with or without obstacle avoidance. This paper shows that both chaotic and non chaotic signals can be advantageous for providing good coverage performance. Our study includes, in addition to parameters adjusting and mapping the appropriate chaotic variables to robot's kinematic variables, a comparison of the coverage performance generated by three different behaviors of Chuaâs circuit. These behaviors include an instable focus and two chaotic signals having single scroll and double scroll shaped phase portraits respectively. Contrary to a commonly held belief, a non-chaotic behavior can lead to generate complex trajectories of a mobile robot and to provide better coverage performance. Such behavior is an instable focus which is a repeller, obtained by using a particular parameter set of Chuaâs circuit.
This document provides a detailed shot list for a trailer for the supernatural horror-thriller film "The Unborn". The shot list explores key questions raised in the film around whether the main character will survive, if the exorcism will work, and what the ghost wants with her. It outlines various shots that would build tension, shock, and confusion in viewers and show the main character's reactions. Locations featured include her house, a city, hospital, her grandmother's room, and a graveyard. The shot list aims to give a sense of voyeurism, intimidation, clarity, and engage the audience through the visual storytelling of the trailer.
This document provides a summary of the background and history of mosque architecture. It discusses the typical elements of mosques like the prayer hall, courtyard, minaret, and mihrab. It outlines the evolution of mosque design from the early mosque of the Prophet in Medina, to the hypostyle plan used in places like the Great Mosque of Damascus, to variations with domes and minarets in different regions. The text also discusses the typical role of mosques within the urban fabric of Islamic cities historically, situated near markets but providing a respite from daily life. It aims to contextualize the contemporary mosque case studies that are featured later in the book.
HARAR GROUP; APROPRIATE BUILDING DESIGN PROJECT.pptxSharpEyu
Â
Harar, Ethiopia is an ancient walled city with a long history as a major commercial and cultural center. The traditional architecture of Harar's historic center, known as Jugol, consists of dense clusters of courtyard houses divided into neighborhoods. These courtyard houses, called gey abad, are organized around an internal courtyard and feature design elements that provide privacy, thermal comfort, and social spaces for family life and community gatherings. The urban fabric of narrow streets and alleys surrounding the houses establishes a clear hierarchy from public to private space and a sense of security and community within the historic city.
The document discusses Islamic principles of city planning and the design of Shahjahanabad, a historic city in India. Some key points:
- Islamic city planning is guided by principles from the Quran and hadith, including not causing harm, respecting privacy, sharing water, and locating sources of smell/noise away from mosques.
- A typical Islamic city layout centers around a grand mosque, with souqs (markets), residential quarters, and a citadel. Narrow streets separate public and private spaces.
- Shahjahanabad was planned according to Hindu texts, with the Red Fort at the junction of its two main axes along the Yamuna River. It had an elaborate infrastructure including the fort
1) Cultural influences are reflected in architectural designs. For example, famous buildings in different civilizations, such as the Parthenon in Greece and the Egyptian pyramids, reflect key aspects of those cultures like the importance of democracy and an authoritarian rule, respectively.
2) Religion also influences architecture through sacred structures designed for worship and through principles that guide lifestyle. For example, the House of Wisdom library incorporated values of the Islamic Golden Age like education and cultural sharing.
3) A city's culture can also be shaped by its architecture when new designs are built for specific functions. For instance, the construction of casinos and hotels in Las Vegas transformed its culture from a small town into a major entertainment hub.
Trade and urbanization in central islamic andtiakumze
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This group presentation discusses trade and urbanization in Central Islamic lands from the 7th to 13th centuries. During this period, known as the Islamic Golden Age, extensive trade networks flourished across vast regions, connecting places like China, Africa, and Europe. Major cities emerged as centers of commerce and learning, including Baghdad, Cairo, and Cordoba. Trade and urbanization fueled each other's growth, as cities expanded and infrastructure developed to facilitate trade, while merchants and goods exchanged across land and sea routes drove economic prosperity and cultural exchange.
This document discusses the principles of New Urbanism and its goal of reintroducing urban centers and qualities to city planning. It begins by describing how post-World War II development led to isolated, car-centric communities that lacked the mixed-use, walkable neighborhoods characteristic of traditional urban planning. New Urbanism began in the 1970s-80s to address this by creating neighborhoods and urban centers with human-scale design. The document then outlines some of New Urbanism's key design principles, such as creating walkable communities with a mix of uses and civic spaces embedded within neighborhoods.
Symphony of streets - Architectural Philosophy and Concept on streetsArjak Mitra
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Aim - To analyze & describe the philosophy of different streets. (Documentation)
Objective - To explore every hidden surprise and explain the reason, philosophy and secret responsible for the beauty of the place.
Base & example for the study/documentation:-
1. Banaras streets
2. Muslim Streets
3. Colonial or costal settlements
4. Mahulas
5. Residential
Analysis - Analysis on the basis of visional perspective , anatomy , substances ( stationary , moving , people , shops etc ) , voices , changes thorough out the day , colors , materials , occupation of the inhabitants , relations and lives .
Process - Process of analysis will be on basis of visiting the sites, talking to the people, reference to other similar sites, books , pictures.
Limitations - Will no deal with numeric valuations and standards (sizes, by laws etc).
Rashid al-Din Fadlallah established the Rashidi Quarter in Tabriz in the late 7th/early 8th century. He built it as a major cultural and educational center, spending his own money to construct mosques, baths, libraries, hospitals, and other institutions. The quarter contained around 60,000 books and housed thousands of scholars, students, artisans, and their families. It served as an important center of learning, industry, and services until its destruction after Rashid al-Din's death in 717AH.
The document discusses the history and design of Islamic cities. It notes that early Islamic cities were built to preach Islam and served as religious centers. Over time, their role shifted to also providing military and political functions under various rulers. The design of Islamic cities was influenced by natural laws, religious beliefs, social principles, and Sharia law. Key components included a central mosque, markets, a citadel, residential quarters organized by ethnicity, and a defensive wall. The document argues that the design of Islamic cities remains relevant today.
This document provides information about human settlements and the characteristics of cities. It discusses the different types of urban plans like grid, linear and radial plans. It describes the main functions of cities like residential, commercial, industrial, and cultural. The document also covers the morphology and structure of cities, including city centers, peri-urban areas, and outskirts. It examines the historical evolution of cities from antiquity to the modern age. In addition, it discusses the relationship between cities and their surrounding territories in the urban hierarchy.
Miguel Medina Albero is an architect who has addressed projects of various types and scales during his studies. He strives to develop a personal style and his references include craftsman architects. He completed a 6-month internship developing projects within a team, which provided valuable experience. The document then highlights one of Miguel's academic projects - a fabrication laboratory building in La Coruña, Spain. The project addresses the tensions between different layers of the city through its design of a publicly accessible ground floor and more undefined upper levels.
This document discusses the history and heritage trail potential of Old Dhaka, Bangladesh. It provides a historical perspective on Old Dhaka from pre-Mughal, Mughal, and post-Mughal periods. It details the existing urban fabric, structures, and need to identify a heritage trail to better showcase Old Dhaka's cultural legacy. The author proposes designing a trail that connects the area's important historical structures and sites to assist tourism and education about the region's history.
The document discusses Islamic architecture and its influences. It describes how Islamic architecture was influenced by Roman, Byzantine, Persian and other styles. Key elements of Islamic architecture are then outlined, including minarets, domes, muqarnas vaulting, mihrabs and arches. Ornate decorative details are also discussed. As an example, the layout and design of the original Round City of Baghdad is described.
Instruction-There is not one standard template, but infa.docxmaoanderton
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Instruction-
There is not one standard template, but infact there are many ways in which students can create the Master Paper to demonstrate one topic that they have mastered in this course. Students will create a one-page document on a topic that they feel they have âmasteredâ (learned excellently) because of this course. The paper must be researched, fact-based and contain at least a color image (unless none exist on this topic). The document must include a title and the authorâs (studentâs) full name, which must be appropriately incorporated in the one-page. The bottom of the paper must include the resources. Students may decide how creatively they wish to make this document (MS Office, Apple Pages, Adobe Illustrator, etc.) The result must look like a published page of a scholarly journal. The one-page document must be Wow! â Intelligent to the mind, and beautiful to the eyes.
Topic for the Presentation will be Islamic City.
Information regarding the topic-
Video 1-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ao_FYFHg_gc
Article 1-
https://muslimheritage.com/introduction-to-the-islamic-city/
An Islamic city can be identified by architectural design and key symbols.Â
Architectural design of an Islamic city is based on four principles:
1) Natural laws (follows the weather and topography of the region; architectural features such as courtyard, terrace, narrow covered streets and gardens enable habitation in hot and dry climates,
2) Cultural and religious beliefs (features that identify and reinforce Islam, such as a central congregational mosque, smaller neighborhood/sectarian mosques, suq (market),
3) Sharia Law (regulates the physical and social relations between public and private realms, and between neighbors and social groups), and
4) Social principles (section the city based on blood line, ethnic origin, and cultural views).
Key symbols identifying an Islamic city:
1) A main mosque in the center of town; this is a large congregational mosque (jama masjid) to accommodate the Friday afternoon (zuhr) community prayer. Some mosque complexes contain a madrasa (religious school), soup kitchen, hospital, and tombs.
2) Suqs (markets) that economically support the town by providing goods to locals. Suqs generally surround the main mosque(s)
3) A citadel, home to the governor
4) Residential quarters that identified sections of houses with commonalities
5) A street network specifically designed to connect housing quarters with the central mosque and market
6) A wall surrounding the city
7) Animal markets are outside city limits, as are cemeteries
8) Gardens and fountains are also a common symbol within the Islamic city.
Video 2-
https://www.coursera.org/lecture/medieval-arabia/the-islamic-city-oTzu4
Video Transcript
In this module, we will focus on the Islamic city. We will discuss the term Islamic city and we will try to give you a general idea of what these medieval Islamic cities look like, how were the cities organized, and how.
Architectural Heritage and Social Interaction of Rosetta, EgyptAhmed al-Rhodesly
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A Lecture presented in Rashid Cultural Forum at Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Egypt. The lecture has shown the outcomes of HeritageForAllâs workshop âUrban Architectural Heritage and Social Interactionâ which had been held in Rashid (October 2017). The workshop aimed at understanding and analyzing the heritage context in Rashid and estimating how the local community deals with their surrounding cultural heritage. This aim is considered the initial steps of completing the file of the historic quarter of Rashid as a tentative world heritage site.
Through HeritageForAllâs ISSUU page, you can read the e-Publication of the workshop
âUrban Architectural Heritage and Social Interaction: Rashid, Open Air Museumâ:[https://issuu.com/heritageforall/docs/workshop_uahsi_publication?fbclid=IwAR24m6-9xaW1zKwIEM3tkhHBONlKDJ_VuGx0a-Pf8RoylOl0EHThBZ5EIHc]
Zaha Hadid was inspired by the flowing landscapes of her childhood in Iraq. Her architecture aims to capture this fluidity through forms that are dynamic rather than static, using deconstructivism to break from traditional styles. Her MAXXI museum in Rome won a design competition in 1998. It is composed of bending oblong tubes that resemble infrastructure and absorb the landscape, dynamizing and returning it to the urban environment. Her Phaeno Science Center in Germany appears as a mysterious object that arouses curiosity through discovery. It stands on large inverted conical legs to give an effect of weightlessness. Hadid's fluid, fragmented geometries earned her the Pritzker Prize in 2004 for her revolutionary, gravity-defying designs
The Indus Valley Civilization had advanced architectural features for its time. Cities were carefully planned with broad streets intersecting at right angles, and divided into blocks. Houses were built with standardized bricks around a courtyard, while public buildings including baths were larger. An advanced drainage system and water supply helped maintain sanitation.
The Indus Valley Civilization developed around cities along the Indus River valley between 3300-1300 BCE. Two major cities were Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, which had sophisticated urban planning with standardized bricks, buildings, roads, sewage systems, and an advanced drainage system. Mohenjo-Daro, one of the largest cities, was divided into the citadel area for public buildings and the lower city for homes. The civilization declined around 1300 BCE due to unknown reasons like flooding or invasion.
This document summarizes a report on heritage tourism at the Capitol Complex in Chandigarh, India. It provides background on the architect Le Corbusier and discusses the key buildings he designed at the complex, including the Secretariat, Legislative Assembly, High Court, and monuments like the Open Hand. The report outlines the objectives and methodology of studying heritage tourism, noting that it can strengthen local economies and cultural pride if managed sustainably. In conclusion, it states that heritage tourism plays an important role in maintaining cultural identity and traditions.
Similar to City Space and Social Values: A Lesson from the Past of Historical City of Tunis, Tunisia (20)
11(7) 2020 ITJEMAST's published research articlesdrboon
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This document summarizes a research study that examined the relationship between positivity, positive affect, negative affect, and perceived stress among cardiac patients. The study hypothesized that perceived stress would mediate the relationship between positivity and positive/negative affect. Researchers surveyed 519 cardiac patients, assessing positivity, perceived stress, and positive/negative affect. The results found that perceived stress mediated the relationship between positive affect and positivity, as well as between negative affect and positivity. Specifically, positivity was negatively correlated with negative affect and perceived stress, while perceived stress was positively correlated with negative affect. The findings suggest that reducing stress and increasing positive emotions can help reduce negative feelings in cardiac patients.
11(4) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articlesdrboon
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Research papers 2020 Behavioral finance; Personality traits; Behavioral factors; Overconfidence bias; Locus of control; Decision-making; Biased behavior Carbon (CO2) emissions; Economic Growth; Energy consumption; Trade; ARDL Approach; Granger Causality; Energy use Pedestrian start-up time; Street crosswalk, Pedestrian traffic signals; Pedestrians traffic lights; zebra crossings; Intersection crossings Service Attributes; Relationship quality; Relationship outcomes; Banking services; Electronic Customer Relationship Management; Virtual relationships; eBanking; eCRM College town landscape; College town character; Campus community; Urban identity; College town space; Sense of a place; Public Space; University gardens; Cultural identity; Campus identity; Businesses in college towns Emotional quotient; Self-emotional appraisal; Workplace Advice Network (WAN) Centrality; Service Sector Organizations; Sociometric matrix; Interconnectivity of nodes
11(3) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articles drboon
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Non-destructive testing method Heat loss Thermal conductivity Specific heat Know-how Psychological contract breach Employees' Workplace behaviour Workplace spirituality Human resource management (HRM) Power sector Positive classroom Male teachers Classroom management system Public primary schools Private primary school Positive motivation students Quality primary education Grout rheology Construction workings High-precision lining Tunneling complex Cement slurry Reinforcement solutions Smart building systems Green architecture Green roof Green design Sustainable environmental architecture Smart energy management Architecture technology Neo-Functionalism Trade integration CPEC agreement Economic integration Regional cooperation Pak-China relations Pak-Iran relations Central Asia Republics Sino-Pakistan Agreement
11(2)2020 International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Ap...drboon
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Multidisciplinary Management, Journalism and Mass Communication Science (Information and Media Sciences), Political Sciences (International Affairs), Global Studies), Animal Sciences, Feeding Technology, Healthcare Management.
V8(3) 2017:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & ...drboon
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Research articles published in V8(3) 2017:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies ==>
Awareness of Passive Design on Apartment Façade Designs in Putrajaya, Malaysia
127
Comparative Analysis of Low-Cost Housing Policies in Malaysia and Nigeria
139
A Study on Kevin Lynchâs Urban Design Elements: Precinct 9 East Putrajaya
153
Investigating Urban Design Elements of Bandar Baru Sentul, Kuala Lumpur
169
A Study on Sharing Home Ownership Schemes in Malaysia
183
The Impact of Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) and Glazing Type on Energy Consumption in Air-Conditioned Office Buildings
197
Competitiveness Factors of Thai Construction Industry within the AEC Context: A Qualitative Approach
209
Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Government Construction Procurement Problems in Thailand
221
In 3 sentences:
The document discusses the key elements to consider when designing streets for livable cities, including pedestrians, vehicles, parking, and transportation options. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that considers all users and aspects, such as transportation, safety, the environment, and the economy. The goal is to create streets that are social spaces where people can easily and safely walk, bike, access transit, and spend time, rather than only focus on traffic flow.
Enhancement of Space Environment Via Healing Gardendrboon
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Green nature, sunlight and fresh air have been known as important component of healing in healthcare facilities. This paper presents the finding of an exploratory study on healing garden elements in healthcare facilities. The purpose of the paper is to find the elements of healing gardens and its healing factors in the existing garden design. In conducting this research study, site observation and informal interview at selected healthcare facilities have been performed. The study reveals the elements of existing garden design, the interactivity and the end users expectation on a garden. The finding shows that lacking some of the elements of garden design lead to less user friendliness and interactivity in the garden. It also shows that the visibility, accessibility, quietness and comfortable condition in the garden give impact to the utilization of the garden.
Design of Quadruped Walking Robot with Spherical Shelldrboon
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We propose a new quadruped walking robot with a spherical shell, called "QRoSS." QRoSS is a transformable robot that can store its legs in the spherical shell. The shell not only absorbs external forces from all directions, but also improves mobile performance because of its round shape. In rescue operations at a disaster site, carrying robots into a site is dangerous for operators because doing so may result in a second accident. If QRoSS is used, instead of carrying robots in, they are thrown in, making the operation safe and easy. This paper reports details of the design concept and development of the prototype model. Basic experiments were conducted to verify performance, which includes landing, rising and walking through a series of movements.
Motion Analysis of Pitch Rotation Mechanism for Posture Control of Butterfly-...drboon
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We developed a small flapping robot on the basis of movements made by a butterfly with a low flapping frequency of approximately 10 Hz, a few degrees of freedom of the wings, and a large flapping angle. In this study, we clarify the pitch rotation mechanism that is used to control its posture during takeoff for different initial pitch and flapping angles by the experiments of both manufactured robots and simulation models. The results indicate that the pitch angle can be controlled by altering the initial pitch angle at takeoff and the flapping angles. Furthermore, it is suggested that the initial pitch angle generates a proportional increase in the pitch angle during takeoff, and that certain flapping angles are conducive to increasing the tendency for pitch angle transition. Thus, it is shown that the direction of the flight led by periodic changing in the pitch angle can be controlled by optimizing control parameters such as initial pitch and flapping angles.
Analysis of Roll Rotation Mechanism of a Butterfly for Development of a Small...drboon
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1) The document analyzes the roll rotation mechanism of a butterfly through computational fluid dynamics simulations using boundary conditions from high-speed camera footage.
2) It finds that during typical pitch rotation flight, differential pressure concentrates at the tip of the forewings, producing roughly matched reaction forces on the left and right wings.
3) During roll rotation flight, differential pressure distributes across the entire wings, with the right reaction force twice as great as the left during the initial downstroke, leading to a large change in roll angle.
Effect of Oryzalin on Growth of Anthurium andraeanum In Vitrodrboon
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Apical shoots and lateral buds of Anthurium andraeanum about 0.5 cm grew very well when cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA, kinetin, sucrose and gelrite. When brought young plantlets (the same sized) of A. andraeanum soaked in various concentrations of oryzalin with different duration times. The A. andraeanum plantlets were subcultured into the same medium every 4 weeks for 3 times. It was found that 5.0 mg/l oryzalin with 24 and 72 hours gave the best average number of leaves per bunch, plant height and diameter of bunch. These parameters were reverse proportion, when increased concentration of oryzalin, the growth rate in each parameter was decreased with thick and pale green leaves.
Role of 2,4-D on Callus Induction and Shoot Formation to Increase Number of S...drboon
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Stem node of Miniature Rose with axillary bud were used as explants. These explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D. It was found that MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D gave the highest number of green callus. The callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of NAA and BA to form new shoot and root. From the result, we are able to find the highest number of young shoots that were induced from callus when cultured callus on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA. When subcultured all new shoots with the same size to MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and BA, and 2,4- D for six weeks. The result was significant difference (Pâ€0.5) when compared the average height of plant and percentage of root formation, but their duration time for flowering were not significant different.
Seismic Capacity Comparisons of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Between Standar...drboon
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Earthquakes are cause of serious damage through the building. Therefore, moment resistant frame buildings are widely used as lateral resisting system. Generally three types of moment resisting frames are designed namely Special ductile frames (SDF), Intermediate ductile frames (IDF) and Gravity load designed (GLD) frames, each of which has a certain level of ductility. Comparative studies on the seismic performance of three different ductility of building are performed in this study. The analytical models are considered about failure mode of column (i.e. shear failure, flexural to shear failure and flexural failure); beam-column joint connection, infill wall and flexural foundation. Concepts of incremental dynamic analysis are practiced to assess the required data for performance based evaluations. This study found that the lateral load capacity of GLD, IDF, and SDF building was 19.25, 27.87, and 25.92 %W respectively. The average response spectrum at the collapse state for GLD, IDF, and SDF are 0.75 g, 1.19 g, and 1.33 g, respectively. The results show that SDF is more ductile than IDF and the initial strength of SDF is close to IDF. The results indicate that all of frames are able to resistant a design earthquake.
ITJEMAST5(1): Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engin...drboon
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Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies ITJEMAST5(1):
Effects of Calcination Treatment of Diatomite on Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Methanol
Effect of Blend Ratio on Cure Characteristics, Mechanical Properties, and Aging Resistance of Silica-filled ENR/SBR Blends
An Efficient Formulation of Off-line Model Predictive Control for Nonlinear Systems Using Polyhedral Invariant Sets
Effect of Modeling Parameters on System Hydrodynamics of Air Reactor in Chemical Looping Combustion Using CFD Simulation
Flow Behavior of Geldart A and Geldart C Particles in a Co-current Downflow Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor
Optimization of Enzymatic Clarification from Corncob
Synthesis of Alkali Metal/CaO Sorbent for CO2 Capture at Low Temperature
Public Perception on Road Accidents: A Case Study of Mahasarakham City, Thailanddrboon
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This study surveyed 400 people in Mahasarakham City, Thailand about their perceptions of the causes of road accidents. The majority of respondents perceived that human factors are the primary cause of road accidents. Respondents also perceived drunk driving as the most dangerous driving behavior that can cause accidents. Perceptions varied somewhat based on factors like age, education level, and occupation, but responses were generally consistent across groups. The study provides insight into public views on the root causes of road accidents in the surveyed region of Thailand.
ATEAS V1(2):: American Transactions on Engineering & Applied Sciencesdrboon
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Research from American Transactions on Engineering & Applied Sciences:: A Detailed Analysis of Capillary Viscometer
Fuzzy Logic Modeling Approach for Risk Area Assessment for Hazardous Materials Transportation
Computer Modeling of Internal Pressure Autofrettage Process of a Thick-Walled Cylinder with the Bauschinger Effect
Types of Media for Seeds Germination and Effect of BA on Mass Propagation of Nepenthes mirabilis Druce
Numerical Analysis of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion in Porous Media
Production of Hydrocarbons from Palm Oil over NiMo Catalyst
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
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Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
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đ Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
đ Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
đ» Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
đ Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM âisâ and âisnâtâ
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your âwhatâs in it for me?â
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
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The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as âno strategyâ. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If youâre wrong, it forces a correction. If youâre right, it helps create focus. Iâll share how Iâve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didnât work so well.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor IvaniukFwdays
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At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
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Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as âkeysâ). In fact, itâs unlikely youâll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, theyâll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
Youâll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
In our second session, we shall learn all about the main features and fundamentals of UiPath Studio that enable us to use the building blocks for any automation project.
đ Detailed agenda:
Variables and Datatypes
Workflow Layouts
Arguments
Control Flows and Loops
Conditional Statements
đ» Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Variables, Constants, and Arguments in Studio
Control Flow in Studio
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...Fwdays
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We will talk about system monitoring from a few different angles. We will start by covering the basics, then discuss SLOs, how to define them, and why understanding the business well is crucial for success in this exercise.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 â CoE RolesDianaGray10
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In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
âą What roles are essential?
âą What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
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This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
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Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
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Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
City Space and Social Values: A Lesson from the Past of Historical City of Tunis, Tunisia
1. International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies
http://TuEngr.com
City Space and Social Values: A Lesson from the Past of
Historical City of Tunis, Tunisia
Hamza ZEGHLACHE
a*
, Nadir ALI KHODJA
a
a
Laboratory of Mediterranean Architecture, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif1, ALGERIA
A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T RA C T
Article history:
Received 04 November
2014
Received in revised form
09 February 2015
Accepted 16 February 2015
Available online
17 February 2015
Keywords:
Urban space;
Natural heritage;
sustainable
development;
built environment;
Islamic city.
Theory that emerges and tends to impose a new urbanity and
liveability is that of Ecopolis of the future - ecologically clean city-which
focuses on the concept of sustainable development while giving priority
to the relationship between economic, social development and quality of
life in the built environment. Traditionally cultural aspect of urbanism
contains components with an appropriate sacred cosmic symbolism and
an urbanism of social consensus between residents, government and
professionals in the creation of the Ecopolis. The empirical focus of this
paper is the city within the Islamic cultural tradition. This paper is an
attempt to grasp the cultural conception of the Medina of Tunis, Tunisia
and the traditional urban regulations by a study of classical religio-
architectural treatises of Islam. This article will discuss the approach and
the lesson we can learn from the traditional modele in a time of
ecological crisis and high urbanization.
2015 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.
1. Introduction
The centre of the Medina is represented by the congregational mosque, called Jamaa el
Kebir. The great mosque is the central element around which a network of commercial and
market streets is organized; next to it is the palace of the Bey, Dar el Bey. Immediately west of
the palace, is the Kasbah the fortified citadel. The Kasbah includes in a linear respectively the
Medinaâs warehouse, Makhzen, the heavily fortified princely residence which houses the
political administration and the court, and finally the military station. Along these aligned
features, the Great Mosque is the departing point of the central spine which represents the major
religious, commercial and political institutions of the Medina.
2015 International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies.
*Corresponding author (H. Zeghlache). Tel/Fax. +21336620010 E-mail address: zeghlach@yahoo.fr.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.2 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/081.pdf.
81
2. The great mosque, as the principal central organizing element, is the connecting point of the
four main commercial and market streets that lead to the main gates of the Medina. By its
location, and its use as a centre of high learning, the great mosque is the referential point people
use for directing themselves around the Medina.
1.1 The Market Streets: The Souks
The commercial and market streets which surround the Great Mosque and also extend to
form the main streets which surround the Great Mosque and also extend to form the main streets
which surround the Great Mosque and also extend to form the main streets are arranged with
aligned âshopsâ grouped according to the symbolic values given to the nature of goods being
traded. These symbolic values consist of the more sacred to the less sacred, working outward
from the vicinity of the great Mosque to the edges of the city. In the immediate vicinity of the
great mosque are the booksellers and binders, followed by the sellers of candles, incense,
perfumes, bags of musk, henna, and cloth related to religious ceremonies such as marriages,
circumcisions, etc⊠Then comes the market street of the sheshiyya ( a red hat which became
very popular in Tunisia after being introduced during the seventeenth century by the
Andalousian immigrants); a symbol of nobility, followed by âshopsâ of jewellers, leather
workers, slipper makers, tailors, and rug and tapestry salesman. Next come the copper-smiths,
potters, saddlers, basket makers, butchers and the fish market. The different market streets
consist of adjacent rows of âshopsâ each segment or short row consisting of one craft. It should
be noted that the kind of smell, voices; and noise help the walker to identify and locate the
different kind of trade. Frequently the market streets are covered and have street gates that can be
locked at night.
1.2 The Residential Quarters of the Medina:
The medina is divided into many residential sections called hara (originally the hara is a
group of houses, today the hara if a quarter of the Jew). In addition to private houses, each one of
these harat (plural for hara) has its Musdjed, a small public space for everyday prayer, school,
and public bath. Each hara is bordered by main commercial streets. A system of spatial hierarchy
which goes from public to private spaces within the hara consists of narrow, crooked, side streets
and cul de sac giving access to the residential units.
A hara encompasses a group of houses with residents who live in extended families. The
social structure is reflected in the spatial pattern which is characterized in the location pattern of
interaction and proximity to the sacred centre of the city. Within these harat, houses are adjacent
one to another, wall against wall. Open spaces around the entrances of houses are called Zanga
and are semi-private or collectively owned space.
82 Hamza ZEGHLACHE and Nadir ALI KHODJA
3. 1.3 The House:
Each house consists of two or three stories and faces streets or the zanga with a white wall
that is broken only by the entrance door. Sometimes the houses have projection of the second
floor chamber built over the streets. Within the same lane, zuqaq, the entrance doors of the
houses do not face each other, with the result that no-one entering or leaving his house can look
directly into someone elseâs. One enters the houses from the zuqaq through a crooked entrance in
the form of vestibule called skifa. The skifa leads to the wast-el-dar. The west el dar, which
literally means the âcenter of the houseâ, is an open sky courtyard around which the internal
spatial arrangement of the rooms and other spaces of the house is organized. By day, light for the
rooms is provided by the wast el dar. On the first floor, the paved wast el dar connects the room
of the head of the family (the father), the guest room, the kitchen, the well of the house, and the
water room. A stairway located in the corner of the wast el dar leads from the first floor up to
the upper floor where all bedrooms and other spaces, such as storage rooms, open into a gallery
surrounding the open courtyard below. In many cases, the stairway leads up to the rooftop
terrace. A small wall surrounding the terrace obstructs oneâs view into the neighborâs courtyard.
Even though this wall is not high and would not technically obstruct oneâs view, it is not
appropriate for a neighbour to view another neighbour, and the low wall is intended to be
sufficient to guard a neighbourâs privacy. In other words, the terrace wall is a visible form of
social values that one has to keep oneâs gaze low enough as not to spot a neighbor. Within this
rooftop terrace, a broad view of the quarter and the Medina is offered. The houses have more or
less the same height within each hara.
2. Relationship between the Structures of the Medina
The Medinaâs stucture is represented by the East-West oriented central-complex spine
extending from the central mosque, the market streets, and the extended boundaries such as the
cemeteries. In this section, the main idea is to unravel the meaning of the Medinaâs spatial
arrangement by carrying an analysis in which space is treated as a result of a cultural process
embodying the insights into social space. This analysis is carried further in order to grasp the
model that informed the Medinaâs spatial arrangement of Ideas. In dealing with the social use of
goods in both modern and traditional cultures, Mary Douglas and Baron Isherwood stated, âthe
same for space? Harnessed to cultural process, its divisions are heavy with meaning: (âŠ) . The
vistas are not fixed: nor are they randomly arranged in a kaleidoscope (âŠ)(Douglass, and
Isherhood, 1979).
The spatial arrangement of the Medina of Tunis embodies a realm of social values of what
Emile Durkheim called the collective âconscienceâ or âconsciousnessâ. As socially constructed,
*Corresponding author (H. Zeghlache). Tel/Fax. +21336620010 E-mail address: zeghlach@yahoo.fr.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.2 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/081.pdf.
83
4. the Medinaâs space has been conceptually related, for social and ritual use of it, to a symbolic
classification of religious/social values in which the units such as heaven, earth, and underworld
are related. This links these units and makes the Medina a world of extended interpretation in
terms of Islamic values.
The way the different structures of the Medina of Tunis are ordered is first explored in its
metaphorical relation with the individual person. The different sections of the medina reveal
different aspects and attributes of the human body.
The central Mosque is considered as the centre of higher learning. In its vicinity are the book
sellers and binders; (most of the books are Islamic literature). This arrangement represents the
human mind and intellect. The markets that follow represent respectively, the human senses and
their participations in the cultic worship and rituals; followed by the markets of human body
adornments. Next, at the vicinity of the wall of the Medina, are the markets that represent the
subsistence activities and the alimentation of the human body. Beyond the Medinaâs wall are the
cemeteries, the recipients of the dead body. This arrangement of the market streets represents the
human body in prone position with the head being the central mosque.
MOSQUE------ Fountain -------------------------------Soul
Book sellers and binders ----------Mind and Intellect
Incense and perfume-----------------Senses
Hat(Sheshiyya)
Jewellers -------------------------------Body Adornments
Clothes
Fruit sellers
Fish sellers-----------------------------Subsistence activities
Alimentation
Butchers
City wall
Gate
CEMETERY --------------------------Body
The mosque with its central position, play an important role in the ordering of the Medina.
The mosque is considered as a light beacon whose light directs the spatial disposition with
diminishing intensity (the intensity is considered as gradient of Islamic symbolic values) toward
the outer parts of the Medina.
In these circumstances, the central mosqueâs role in ordering the Medina is linked to this
belief. The cemeteries of the Medina are conceptually placed outside the city beyond the city
walls.
84 Hamza ZEGHLACHE and Nadir ALI KHODJA
5. As the central mosque represents symbolically the point at which earth and haven meet, the
water emerging from this point, overflows the city in the form of rahma, âconsecrated goodsâ,
through the market streets, completing the cyclical pattern, MOSQUEâMARKETSâ
CEMETERYâMOSQUE.
Figure 1: relationship between the structures of the Medina
The central â complex spine extending from the central mosque toward the west edge of the
Medina, is equally ordered with diminishing intensity toward the outer part of the Medina. At the
vicinity of the mosque/palace are the corps of officialsâthe administration of the bey and the
court, followed immediately by the military administration. Then comes the citadel of army
troops at the limit of the Medinaâs west edge, followed by an open space (The Kasbah or
Casbah) extending beyond the Medinaâs wall.
3. Political Aspect of Space:
The central idea I am concerned with is the political allocations of space within the city in
Islamic cultural tradition. In Islamic worldview the function of government, as represented by
the kingâs (Sultanâs) role, is to assure the harmonious coordination of the natural beings in the
universe and to protect the interests of the community. The idea of perfect harmony is reached by
the elevation of religion to the status of sovereignty. Therefore, religion, as a true overlord of the
community, is politics itself.
Within the conceptualisation of the city, the duty of the king is to sustain religion by
building sacred edifices such as the mosque, his palace, and other facilities, and to protect them
by building fortifications, such as moats, ramparts, and city gates. The kingâs support of religion
is extended to the city and the region by building a central point in his city (i.e. the capital
city)âthe central mosque. This process is intent on the layout of the city. At the social level, the
settlement of the population is made within different circles having a common centre, the central
*Corresponding author (H. Zeghlache). Tel/Fax. +21336620010 E-mail address: zeghlach@yahoo.fr.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.2 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/081.pdf.
85
6. mosque, departing from the central complex spine. The radiuses of different circles are
diminishing with the increasing proximity to the central complex spine. It is the function of the
government to assure this process by a spatial arrangement which sustains and supports the idea
of bringing the king and people into a perfect harmony. This spatial arrangement is a principle of
order and wholeness. The social and cosmic order depends on the virtuous qualities of the ruler.
In these circumstances, the ruler is a mediator between the human and the divine worlds. The
spatial arrangement as it is linked to the kingâs role, keeps the city and the kingdom in prosperity
diverting natural disasters. Furthermore, the well being and prosperity of people depend on the
rulerâs Hikma, or wisdom which in its turn is linked to Rahma (consecrated goods).
4. Ritual Intensity of the House
This section deals with the intensity the house is charged with during ritual time. The rituals
that are held in Tunis are various and can be classified into two categories. The first category of
rituals are the ones that are held in lunar months, such as the Aid-el-Kebir (also known as the
feast of the ram); the celebration of the twentyâseventh day of the fasting month RAMADAN ~
and the celebration of the end of RAMADAN the Aid-El-Fitr the ACHOURA~ day, the tenth
day after the lunar new yearâs day; and the MOULOUD~, the Prophetâs birthday. The second
category of rituals are the ones which are held occasionally, such as the wedding ceremony, the
circumcision of a boy, the birth of a baby, the return of a member of the family from the
pilgrimage to Mecca, and the death ceremony of a member of the family. In all cases of ritual the
house is charged with an intensity in which the inside and the outside of the house lose their
clearâcut spatial separation and attain a balanced similarity. The internal (vertical symbolic
pole) house gains mobility through a mediating horizontal axis. This process can be seen as an
âinside outâ and an âoutside inâ of the house.
The wedding ceremony is an example of ritual in which there is a state of similarity between
the outside and the inside of the house. The preliminary stage of the wedding takes place in the
mosque where the father of the groom will meet the father of the bride ( In some situations the
TALEB the priest of the mosque, is asked to come to the brideâs fatherâs home). The bride price
is fixed during this stage. The next stage is the wedding ceremony, which is held in the brideâs
home.
The preparation for the wedding ceremony is made by cleaning and painting the house.
Generally the nextâdoor neighbours offer the use of their house, silverware, and furniture for
the wedding feast. During the feast the house is open to the guests. The groom and his male
friends (some of them are bachelors) have access to the room in which only women, including
the bride, are grouped. In this situation, music and sensual songs are performed. Women and
men perform dances for each other. During this ritual situation the bachelors accompanying the
86 Hamza ZEGHLACHE and Nadir ALI KHODJA
7. groom seek their future wives. It is crucial to note that this maleâfemale interaction is hardly
acceptable during nonâritual time. The opposition between male and female in everyâday life
is inverted during ritual time.
The inside and the outside of the house during this ritual time are mingled, and this is
through the appearances of women other than the bride in their best walkingâattire outside the
house in the street. In this public situation, women who usually wear a veil in the street, appear
with no veil and wear ceremonial dresses, perfume, and makeâup. Furthermore, they publicly
perform songs dealing with sensuality and music. During the ritual situation, the participation of
the house is represented by the shifting aspect of its internal central space. The inside as well as
the outside of the house are illuminated by clusters of lamps. The cords of lamps are extended
from the house and attached to the other side of the street. From these cords are also hung small
flags and pieces of silk. These decorations stay for the ritual duration, which is several nights.
This ritual can be seen as an inverting act that makes the liberation of the inside as âclosedâ
space by means of an âinside out.â The ritual is a process which creates a balancing similarity
against the differentiation of the introversion and the extroversion of the house. For example the
womenâs performances of music and songs and the disappearance of the constraint of veil in the
public space mean their appropriation of the outside space of the house and by extension their
symbolic possession of the open space, the street.
During the ritual time the house sees an âoutside-inâ as well. The act of males breaking into
the womenâs room inside the house is seen as an acceptable complicity.
4.1 Ritual as an exemplification of the political
This part elaborates on the idea that the Medina is charged with a ritual intensity with
identical transformations that the house is involved with during ritual time. Literature about
Tunis which goes back to the preâ colonial times shows that one of the most important public
rituals was âLa Fete de lâAchoura,â(Chebbi, 1973 ) the celebration of the tenth day after the
lunar new yearâs day. Writing in French Mohamed Ben Slama, a nineteenthâcentury chronicler
reported in his text, â... Un grand festival se deroule sur la place de la Kasba. Câetait une des
habitudes de notre ville...â (Chebbi, 1973)
The plaza of the Kasba, where the festival was held, was a part of the Medinaâs central
complex which was made up of the central mosque El-Zitouna, the rulerâs palace, the princely
residence, the political administration and civil official buildings, and the military administration
and the army citadel. Benslama in describing âla fete de lâAchouraâ wrote,
*Corresponding author (H. Zeghlache). Tel/Fax. +21336620010 E-mail address: zeghlach@yahoo.fr.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.2 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/081.pdf.
87