Al-Rashidi Quarter Historical Study

Talent Development & Excellence 2235
Vol.12, No.2s, 2020, 2235-2249
ISSN 1869-0459 (print)/ ISSN 1869-2885 (online)
© 2020 International Research Association for Talent Development and Excellence
http://www.iratde.com
Al-Rashidi Quarter
(A Historical and Civilized Study)
Prof. Dr. Suaad Hadi Hassan Al-Taai
University of Baghdad/ College of Education for Humanities Ibn Rushd /Department of History
drsuaad_hadi@yahoo.com
Abstract
Minister Rasheed Eldin Fadl Allah AL- Hamthani ( deceased 717 H / 1317 A. D .) established a
suburb in Sultania city , called it Al-Rashidi Quarter , to be a great and scientific center and brought
elite of scholars, jurists and readers to teach in schools as well as a number of doctors from all over
the world to provide medical services to its residents and to teach medicine and Al- Hamathani spent
his own money to build this monument and one of the most important institutions of this quarter is the
great library, which contained various types of books and sciences, especially his valuable works in
history as well as the cloth factories , factory , mosques, baths, markets, homes and hospitals, and Al-
Hamthani put many properties and real estate on this important edifice and set conditions for it and
wrote down this on its own endowment.
Keywords: Al-Rashidi Quarter, Al - Hamthani, Endowment, Tabriz, General Services.
Introduction
The study institutions, cultural centers and educational mission studies and
key , which attracted the attention of researchers and historians, and especially
those founded by scientists and those interested in the activity of education in the
Levant Islamic , and is Rashidi quarter of the most important educational and
educational institutions established by the Minister Rashid al- Din Fadlallah
Hamadhani (d . 717 AH / 1317 AD ), in Tabriz private and spent his money on a
lot of money, and built mosques, (Al-Jaaf, 2003) baths, libraries and role as well
as hospitals and centers of service and other, became more like a small town, and
especially after it brought a large number of scientists and scholars and readers
and Where they live with their families, and the most important monuments in
which the huge urban library containing approximately 60,000 thousand books in
different types of Ala blame, particularly the value of his works, And contained
this quarter on the small factories for the manufacture of cloth and paper, Dara
railway, and mills, (Laine, 2012) and shops for the sale of different types of foods
and goods, and this confirms that he became as a small city, the impression and
gave what the thought of him Hamadhani then, especially the construction of the
house hit the money, trying to provide the necessary funds, and to make From

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this quarter a vital center linked to the status of the Ilkhanid state at that time.
Minting money is one of the most important concerns of the state and the axis of
its economy. The features of this quarter were destroyed after the death of
Hamdhani in 717 AH / 1317 AD, and most of its main features were lost due to
the revenge of a number of competitors, trying to destroy most of its scientific
achievements, And erase the role Administrative and political, forgetting the
scientific and educational its impact, and the ruins still this quarter heralded to
this day. (Joodaki, 1997)
Literature Review
1-The Site of the Rashidi Quarter and the Reasons for its Construction
The location of the Rashid Quarter and the reasons for its construction :
Rashid Al-Din established in Tabriz in the late 7th century AH and early 8th
century AH / 13-14AD, a suburb in the city of Al-Sultania called Al-Rashidi
Quarter, and I mean it with great care, and it became an important cultural center
(Al-Amin , 1987;, Dimand, 2011; Pasha, 1959; Babti , 1976 .( And a huge
university has no parallel in Islamic history, except the regular school )Abu
Maghli, 1985; Iqbal, 2010; Bayani, 2013(. Dedicate it to the study and
development of science and art (Wilbaer, 1985). And the buildings all connected
to each other and were distinguished by a truly wonderful consistency and beauty,
surrounded by an apparently huge wall that had huge towers and supports, and
the ruins of these buildings and the remaining ruins are now located in the Shaklan
neighborhood, in the city of Tabriz, northwestern Iran, ending in the suburb of
Baghamisha and Mount Lyan Bilan Koh, on the left, is located in the bosom of
Mount Serkhab, which has a moderate climate )Al- Hamadani , 2009 , Al-
Sayyad , 1967, Sweilem ,2016). Al-Hamdhani cared about the location of this
quarter, and was keen to be in Tabriz and an integral part of the city of Sultana to
be with the protection of the Ilkhan and his army if it was exposed to any danger,
and to draw from it moral strength and to receive the direct attention of the state.

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Figure (1) Rashidi Quarter Chart and its Most Important Institutions
(Blair, 2008(
He mentioned in this regard: “As this minister possesses vast wealth, a broad
face, and an unlimited power, he was able to supervise this easily and
conveniently, as he established a small city east of the city of Tabriz called the
Rashid Quarter, ...” (Al- Sayyad, 1967) , That Al-Hamdhani's keenness to build
this quarter of his own money to realize that it is necessary to spend alone on him
without burdening the state or asking for money from the Ilkhan at that time, and
more importantly, he wanted to make this quarter of the most important of his
exploits and to perpetuate his memory without others , Al-Hamdhani was keen
on Choosing this place to be a field for his scientific and literary activity, and I
received a great deal of his attention and thought that it would be the appropriate
place to preserve his effects and literature, and his eternal headquarters, and in
fact Rashiduddin did not think his time, his care, or his money in order to build
this quarter of all faces, and the goal of Behind that, he left his exploits for later
generations to perpetuate this a ball (Al- Hamadani , 2009 and Al- Sayyad, 1967)
, And there was no evidence in the world to compete with the buildings of this
quarter to rise, and the following phrase was written on top: "Indeed, the
demolition of this building is more difficult and more difficult than the
construction of another building" (Al-Hamadani, 2009; Sweilem,2016; Al-
Sayyad, 1967( In a letter sent by Al-Hamdhani to his son Al-Khawaja Saad Eddin,
Governor of Kansreen, he talked to him about this quarter and the buildings and
what he prepared for him of the reasons for organization, arrangement and
preparation, and what he did in this way until it became a complete locality in
which all the causes of happiness and luxurious life are available, and the causes
of urbanism are complete In this quarter, and its luster increased thanks to the
arrival of scholars and virtues (Al- Sayyad, 1967) , And contained Rashidi quarter
on a 24 - beta high impregnable luxury hospitality, and included 1,500 shop, and
3,000 beautiful house large, established by pools, lush gardens and mills and
factories for spinning and paper industry, dyeing, and Dara to hit the money, and
caused by a school, a hospital and a home for the rule, and a library full of The

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precious books and the dome to be buried in it after his death (Al-Sayyad, 1967;
Sweilem,2016; Dimand,2011; Pasha, 1959). The library contained a wide
variety of books, which its counterpart said would not meet in a library, as it
contained no less than fifty thousand volumes (Al-Amin, 1967(. These facilities
were described in the text of the endowment in a clear and detailed way so that a
conceptual map of what these facilities were at the time of their existence can be
drawn up, and he carefully defined the location of everything in this quarter and
described its components, area, and the location of the Great Dome, (Al-Jaaf,
2003) and the residence of the three senior officials on the quarter: the Mutawali,
the supervisor and the overseer And the place of mosques, schools, libraries, the
hospital, hospital, khanqah, the housing of teachers and their assistants from
teaching assistants, students of the Great Dome, student housing, etc. This means
that this quarter was divided into four main sections: the guesthouse, the khanqah,
the house of healing, the kindergarten, and this is called the rational quarter. Four
I grew up (Sweilem, 2016(. The existence of these institutions in this quarter is
evidence of Al-Hamdhani's awareness of the great benefit that will accrue to him
in the future, not only financially, but also scientifically, administratively and
politically, as his standing and popularity among all increased, and in return the
number of those who criticized him and his competitors increased , and art men
and industrialists from various industries brought in. Nationalities, and housing
was erected in the paths of the scholars crowded with a large number ranging
between 6 thousand or 7 thousand people from teachers and students (Dimand,
2011), And this is an important indication that this quarter has become the focus
of attention of scholars and senior statesmen from dignitaries and notables from
around the world, and thus has become a rival with the most important cities at
that time , and established a cemetery with social, educational and charitable
institutions, and has become a center of science and arts of the times, and settled
in this The Synod includes various teachers, clerics, Quran readers, elders, Sufis,
doctors, astronomers, and scholars who initiated the study and research in their
own fields, and the owners of crafts of every kind and stopped Hamdhani a lot of
property and land for this neighborhood )Bayani , 2013; Wilbaer, 1985( brought
from each city a number of residents and placed them this quarter was among
them preserved who knew sweetly their voice and of the number two hundred,
and I live every hundred in the vicinity of the dome on the right and the north in
the neighborhood, which was created by them, and allocated them salaries holds
endowments in various quarters The people of the right were taking their salaries
from the endowment of Shiraz’s endowments, while the people of the North were

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taking their salaries from the endowment of the Roman endowments, and a
number of readers from the people of Iraq and the Levant chose some of them
famous for knowing the seven readings, while a number of them were famous for
knowing the ten readings and assigned them to recite the Holy Quran in a house
The Quran every day until the time of Duha, He entrusted them with forty of his
followers' children to teach them to read, in addition to this a number of scholars
from Khwarizm and Tabriz heard about the Hamdani scientific who distinguished
themselves with their good reading and they came to the Rashidi quarter, and
instructed them to recite the Holy Qur’an from the sacrifice until the time of
extinction, (Al-Jaaf, 2003) while the scholars, jurists and speakers of 400 people
I live in the “ulema district,” and he made daily livelihoods and administrations
for them, and he decided for them an annual garment, and paid them the value of
soap and sweets, and a thousand students from the patrons and those who knew
about good manners lived in the neighborhood called the student neighborhood,
and applied the systems that he followed with the scholars. And accommodate
another 6000 students It is Tabriz and these people rushed from different Islamic
kingdoms to obtain knowledge, and appointed a number of students who are
studying on each teacher, and test the desire of each student to study it from the
branches, origins, transportation and mental sciences, (Joodaki, 1997) and the
matter is that the study proceeds according to this choice, and it is permitted for
the students who live in the Rashid Quarter and the city of Tabriz to Every day
they visit their children's schools (Al- Sayyad , 1967).
2-Awqaf Rashidi Quarter
Al-Hamdhani's endeavor to build such a quarter made him realize the
necessity of providing many funds and properties to be a standstill for him and to
meet the needs of his various institutions, which have become more and more
over time, especially as he began to attract the most skilled doctors, prominent
scholars, historians and readers of that era to supervise his educational and service
institutions, so he gave them tender and salaries Luxurious and provide them with
the high-end role, and for this was keen to write a special endowment that
included everything contained in this quarter to ensure everyone's dues, (Joodaki,
1997) Al-Hamdhani stopped a lot of property and real estate on this quarter and
other works of righteousness and these endowments were located in different
destinations such as Mosul and Maragha and Isfahan, Shiraz and others, and Al-
Hamdhani has a message titled Current Good that included the conditions of the

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endowment that he stopped on the building of the Rashid Quarter and the work
of righteousness, and there is a written copy of that endowment owned by one of
the ancient families in Tabriz is the family of Al-Nakhjwani, and it appears that
it was written in his plan, a text at the end of it that the date of Its liberation was
in the beginning of Rabi` al-Awwal in the year 709-1309/AD, and the author of
the Endowment is Fadlallah ibn Abi al-Khair ibn Aali, famously known as Rashid
al-Hamdhani (Al- Sayyad, 1967). And this is his text, "and that his liberation was
agreed on the beginning of Rabi` Al-Awwal in the year 709 130 1309 AD, as I
prepared this endowment as it was recorded in this endowment, classified and
detailed, and according to the conditions I explained in detail. I have decided on
the content of this endowment from beginning to end, and recognized I took note
of how and how many of these individuals are arrested and witnessed, and I have
witnessed it myself all of them. Written by the author of this endowment,
Fadlallah bin Abi al-Khair bin Ali, best known for the guidance of the physician
Al-Hamdhani in his plan on the date mentioned therein, praising his Lord and
praying to his noble and good family as a whole." (Al- Sayyad, 1967 ) Hamadhani
wrote document endowment text in which everything related to this quarter and
its institutions from near or from afar, did not leave the small and large only
counted came that document the University for all information on this quarter in
terms of breakdown of its buildings and (Laine, 2012) Amarath and property and
money that stood by him, and faces The money was spent in it, taking into account
the availability of the attributes in the supervisor of this quarter from the chaplain,
the superintendent and the supervisor, the conditions for the use of workers and
other people who benefit from the endowments of the responsible quarter, the
lessons taught in his schools, books that are written and read, the organization of
the work of the guards, the conditions for the use of doctors who Working The
hospital in Rashidi quarter, as well as the nature of the lessons taught to medical
students, and the composition of the drug for patients, freeing medical tickets and
even a way to cook for patients (Al- Sayyad, 1967) Either the first page text of
the "condition is certainly on my children, generation after generation after,
taking into account the rights of the father due in the same covenant with reason
and religiously muted in their custody , I swear they emphasized faith repay,
especially those who reach them custody bout, supervision and control by
standing condition and supervise these Charitable work, that they review this
endowment once every month so that they stand on the conditions of the
implementation of its conditions as it should and stand on how the endowment
behaves and also the advice that I have set for them so that they strive to the

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utmost in caring for conditions. (Joodaki, 1997) And they accept advice in the
heart and mind and consider observance of it as a duty for them, so that they are
satisfied with them a The Almighty, the angels, the prophets, the saints, and the
spirit of this weak have the right, for their honesty, condemnation, and the
goodness of their lives in life (Sweilem, 2016). And at the end of the text of this
documentary endowment, the date of completion of its editing comes at the end
of the main section of it, and in pure Arabic language, as it was stated as follows:
“This was agreed to be released in the spring of the first spring of the year nine
hundred and seven hundred AH.” (Sweilem, 2016) In this endowment, Al-
Hamdhani explained in detail his conditions and assigned tasks to those he
trusted, and obligated them to implement and adhere to them, correct the error if
it was mentioned in it, and authorized copies of his books for those wishing to do
so, and stressed the necessity of choosing the transcribers, and that they be quick
to write with a commitment to accurate copying And the quality and beauty of
their lines, and to be among the trustworthy, writers and intellectuals, and interest
in choosing the finest types of paper appropriate for copying , and among the
messages that Hamdhani sent to his friend Al-Khawaja Sadruddin Muhammad
referred to the fisherman saying: (Laine, 2012) “From this message we know that
Rashid al-Din was infected with a mortal disease He saw to send to his friend He
recommends good deeds to his children, and gives him a comprehensive and
detailed picture of his properties and funds, and enumerates his books in his
office, the Rashid Quarter, and shows him the way he chose to distribute his
wealth among his children and the properties he stood on the works of
righteousness and on the construction of the Rashid Quarter, and this message
was like a will to his friend who will implement it if he And the death of the
inevitable term " (Al-Sayyad, 1967). Al-Hamdhani realized that his death was
imminent due to the intrusions, conspiracies, and attempts to assassinate him and
remove him from power. For this, he decided to write his will to guarantee the
rights of his sons, distribute his wealth to the poor and needy , and ordered Al-
Hamdhani to distribute the departments and salaries of them from the endowment
of different endowments so that they could be assured and turned to Their
business, benefit and benefit (Al-Sayyad, 1967), Hamadhani realized the need to
pay salaries for all employees and prevent them from taking bribes, and to
improve their living standards.

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3-Public Services in Rashid Quarter:
Al-Hamdhani was interested in providing services to the residents of the
quarter to enjoy his good deeds, and to practice uncle for them seriously and
sincerely without complaining or boredom , and Rashid's debt efforts did not stop
at this point, but he did everything in his power to provide relief to the residents
of this quarter, so he provided them with water from a river called Saraw Road ",
(Barudrud) ), And this water was wasted in the neighboring Bekaa, Tabriz,
without anyone benefiting from it. In 710 AH / 1310 AD, a channel dug into the
rock crossed the mountain of Sarakhan and then crossed the slopes and valleys
until it reached the quarter. " (Al- Hamadani, 2009) , In addition to the wells that
he dug in the rock to fetch water, which reached a depth of more than 70 cubits,
and was concerned with lighting the rational quarter by means of wax, lamps,
torches and lamps, as well as the types of incense, and specify the locations that
are required by lighting, and specify the times that must be lit, and time What it
takes, he indicated to the workers who carry out this work and the conditions
related to them, and one of the aspects of caring for the residents of the quarter is
that he allocated about 220 of the men and such a number of their wives from the
neighborhood to serve the population, and recommended that their children learn
the appropriate crafts for them, including the calligrapher, photographer, jeweler
and gardener And the farmers, y They brought from India, (Joodaki, 1997) the
Romans, the Karaj, and others, and every sect lived in a village adjacent to the
rational quarter, and in one of the messages sent by Al-Hamdhani to his son Al-
Khawaja Jalaluddin, he mentioned that he had established a large garden next to
the Rashidian quarter, in which five of the villages were inhabited, and in each
village, a race was sent to each of them to perform By planting vineyards and
trees, digging canals, rivers, and picking fruits, and four of these villages lived
with their inhabitants, and the fifth remained empty and asked his son Jalal al-
Din to send him 40 Roman men and others like them from the neighborhood so
that they would live in this village and contribute to the construction and
reconstruction, as for the owners of crafts The Industrialist He who brought them
from all sides, took great care of them and put them in the place designated for
them (Al-Sayyad, 1967). Hamadhani Realized the importance of providing public
services for residents in Rashidi such as water supply potable quarter, and lighting
roads, building baths, markets, mosques, factories, etc., and encourage them to
exercise crafts and important Sanai, planting land reclamation.

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4-Medical Services
Proceeding from Al-Hamdhani's love for his main profession, which is
medicine; I believe that one of the most important requirements for a well-off in
the rational quarter is to provide all the medical requirements for treating critical
cases, and the provision of medicines. Al-Hamdhani has taken care of medical
services in the rational quarter in order to provide its residents with a healthy and
healthy life, so he cost fifty skilled doctors. From India, China, Egypt, the Levant,
and others, he asked them to visit the Dar Al-Shifa, which he established, and
provided them with everything they needed and took great care of them in order
to fully perform their duties. (Joodaki, 1997) A number of doctors were brought
to the Rashid Quarter and the Tabriz Hospital, as there were 50 doctors from
different countries of the Islamic world All of them have employment Of
supervised ten students (Al-Sayyad, 1967 and Zoghbi, 2009). And interested in
bringing drugs and medicines for hospitals established by, and in one of the letters
sent to his son Jalal al- Din al - Khawaja ruler of the Roman which we see him
eye varieties of medicines exist there and asked him to be sent annually to Tabriz
(Al-Sayyad, 1967 and Zoghbi, 2009). Al-Hamdhani sent a message to Al-
Khawaja Aladdin Hindu urgently requesting oils for the hospital located in the
Rashidi Quarter from Tabriz based on a report estimated by Doctor Muhammad
Al-Neily, nicknamed Galen the Arabs, with details of the names and amounts of
essential and non-aromatic oils required and available in Shiraz, Basra, Asia
Minor, Baghdad, Syria and Hilla. And among the strange oils that were requested
by scorpions, mastic, and spinach - sugared-indigo, (Laine, 2012) and then
ordered to send to these kingdoms competent delegates to contract to supply the
required medicines, and send them to the House of Healing in the Rosetta Quarter
once they were found, and encouraged Al Hamdhani to The Head of Medicine
ordered that ten talented students study medicine at the hands of each doctor, and
entrusted each of the alcoholists, surgeons, and compulsors who performed their
work in Al-Rashidi Hospital to teach five of his servants until they mastered the
work of Alkhalh, surgery, and orthopedics, and built a special neighborhood for
them located behind the hospital called Healers neighborhood (Al- Sayyad, 1967
(.
5- Al-Rashidi Quarter Librar:
Al-Hamdhani was interested in the scientific and educational aspect of this
quarter, so he was keen to establish a luxurious library that contained a large

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number of diversified books, and supplied them with his most important books
and written by his contemporary scholars and historians , that this quarter was
like a large university that opened its doors to the scholars and provided them
with various sciences and arts, and encouraged them to research The study
included precious books in its library of various kinds of sciences, as it included
this library as well as the books of Al-Hamdhani, books written in several
languages, including a book written in the Turkish Geographical language, which
was seen by Nader Mirza, the author of the book (History of Tabriz) and benefited
from it, and Al-Hamdhani stopped his own library on the quarter which included
Over 60.0 00 volumes in various types of sciences, poems, tales, proverbs, etc.,
compiled by Iran and Turan, Egypt, Morocco, Rome, China and India, as well as
1000 of the Qur’ans that were written in different lines by the calligrapher
(Dimand , 2011; Al- Sayyad , 1967 ), And was the book arts in particular , I love
to himself, has been entrusted to skilled calligraphers and photographers copied
a number of different compositions and photographed, especially his works is
(Dimand , 2011), And in a testament to Hamdhani, in which he indicated "... the
grace of God, Rashid al-Din bin Abi al-Khair ... and that he has classified other
than this in other books in every art , and he has written many copies of each of
them, and many of the virtues have read and wrote for themselves, and also has
ordered us to copy placed in the mosque in Tabriz , which we have forged, which
is part of the Rashidi quarter, to copy which part he wanted,... " (Al-Hamadani ,
2009(. The most important thing that Al-Hamdhani pointed out in this regard is,
"We have seen that we add to our group single books that do not contain volumes,
and they did not have copies present in these kingdoms until now. We have sought
in them a lot until the copies happened, and they were transferred from the tongue
of the people of" error "to a language The book then to the language of the Arabs:
The first book: Medicine of the people of error from the operations and
operations. The second book: Single, linear medicines than they are used by us
and from what is not used. (Joodaki, 1997) The third book: Single medicines
from the two mentioned sections. The fourth book: in policies and management
of the king and his validity on what happened It contains their customs, and so
on, after the author wrote several copies of his books, single Collage, in Persian
and Arabic, and after Astketb this huge folder , which included all his works in
Persian and Arabic, put these copies all in the spacious building , prepared to be
the burial place him among the many buildings that is constructed all outside the
city of Tabriz, known as the Rashidi quarter. Make every human being the right
to copy whatever he wants, and moreover, he ordered that the holder of his

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endowments be taken enough to write a copy every year from his entire collection
of pieces on a complete baghdadi to be sent to one of the major Islamic cities (Al-
Hamadani, 2009). The depictions of the Mughal school were greatly influenced
by the historian Rashid al-Din, who realized the importance of his book The
History Collector and ordered to make copies of it in Arabic and Persian and
presented it to his friends and fellow scholars, in addition to that Rashid al-Din
dedicated a large amount of money to be copied from each of his books a copy
every year And Ibn al-Fouti (d. 723 AH / 1323AD) had several books preserved
in the Al-Rabaa Al-Rashidi Library, most of which were lost during the raid by
thieves to revive him after the killing of Al-Hamdhani in 717 AH / 1317AD. This
quarter was subject to beautiful lines and exquisite photos where senior
calligraphers and skilled photographers and operators met Gilding and envelopes
who Al-Hamdhani brought them from different countries to reproduce his books
and decorate them with pictures, especially his book Collector of Dates, and Al-
Hamdhani spent generously to prepare and beautify these books. He spent
approximately 60,000 dinars in copying, editing, decoration, photography and
binding. (Al- Sayyad, 1967; Al- Hamadan, 2009; Wilbaer , 1985 ; Holt, 1964;
Sykes, 1969(. Some references have been made about the way of decorating the
manuscripts of the history of Rashid al-Din al-Hamdhani, which was preserved
in the Rashidiyyah quarter, as well as the survival of a page of a book decorated
with pictures of al-Biruni (d. 440 AH / 1048 CE) dated on AH 707 / AD 1307,
and other books that were present in the Rashidi Quarter (Pasha, 1959). The
interest in decorating books and manuscripts found in the library of Al-Rabaa Al-
Rashidi and its binding made them stand out from other libraries, and this was
what Hamdhani sought to make his library outperform other, and it became a role
model in the beauty of calligraphy, decoration and creativity in its ablution.
(Joodaki, 1997)
6-Poets Describe Al-Rashidi Quarter
The distinguished service and cultural architecture of the Rashid Al-Rasheed
quarter, which made poets sing their beauty , organized by the poet or one of the
maraghy (d. 738 AH / 1337 AD), in describing the architecture of the Rashid
Quarter, many pieces and poems deposited in his book "Jam Gym" which he
presented in the name of Khawaja Ghayath Al-Din Muhammad bin Rashid al-
Din, and these verses utter the majesty and majesty of that majestic construction,

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including a poem entitled "Dar Saffat Saray Mamour", that is, "in describing the
short palace" (Iqbal, 1990; Al-Sayyad, 1976; bayani, 2013).
7-Destruction of Al-Rashidi Quarter
Al-Hamdhani did not realize that his efforts to build the Rashidiyyah quarter
would be in vain, so this great edifice was quickly destroyed by a number of
critics and haters on him, as they wanted to erase any memory of him forgetting
that he is a historian and a distinguished scientist before he became minister and
administrator and politically savvy , after the killing of Hamadhani looted his
money and raided the Rashidi quarter in Tabriz , destroying everything and
confiscated his property and money his children and control Moukovah and
confiscation, and confiscated property that has allocated the proceeds of cashing
in on its institutions on the impact of his death in 717 AH / 1317 AD , and was
buried in the Rashidi quarter near the mosque. )Al-Amin, 1976 and Al-
Hamadani, 2009) have many books whose name we have only received that were
present in the Al-Rabaa Al-Rashidi Library, which became firewood, most
notably the works of Ibn Al-Fouti, and it became an after-eye impact of their
ignorance of what these works were doing to them in terms of great services and
great benefits (Al- Sayyad, 1967) , But life soon became entrenched in it again
when the authority came to Khawaja Ghiath al-Din Muhammad bin Rashid al-
Din after his assumption of the ministry to Ilkhan Abi Said (717-736AH / 1317-
1335 AD). Rather, this minister was overtaken by many other buildings, other
than That was dependent on his survival, as the news of his arrest and killing on
the 21st of Ramadan in 736/1335 CE was not publicized, until some princes were
sent to Tabriz to confiscate his money and the funds of his relatives and followers,
and the rebels seized this opportunity and raided more than a thousand homes
they owned and plundered from the quarter (Joodaki, 1997) It is often the homes
of ministers jewels, coins, precious fabrics, luggage, books and gold Alanaat and
Space Of battered furniture, fabric of all kinds, and sold less the prices, since he
received many destitute large sums of money and became wealthy, not satisfied
with the looting of everything that happened under their hands , but they followed
the methods of distress with the followers of the minister to force them to show
what a hidden and belly of money and belongings. (Iqbal, 2000, Al-Sayyad, 1967
and Al-Hamadani, 2009) and this quarter remained in ruins until 752 135/1351
AD, when King Al-Ashraf bin Taymurtash bin Juban (744-758 AH / 1343-1356
AD) chose it to be his residence, and he dug a trench around it and spent so much

Vol.12, No.2s, 2020, 2235-2249
money on it, and ordered the residents of the Kingdom Judges, greats, rulers, and
merchants live in this quarter, so the Muqtadiris set up houses there, and some
settled in schools, khanqah, hospital, pilgrims ’rooms, rooms, and mosques, and
this was the age of the Rashidi quarter, and crowded with various classes until he
lost his capacity with people, and the honorable king continued to live in it until
the year 758-1356/AD, until he fled due to the pursuit of Gani Beg Khan (742-
758 AH / 1341-1356 CE), the Golden Horde. (Al-Hamadani, 2009; Al-Sayyad,
1967; Iqbal AbdulKarim, 2012; Azzawi, 1995) in the year 759 135 1357 A.D.,
Sultan Owais the First Gallary took over Tabriz and chose the Rashidiyyah
Quarter as the place to reside in 759 AH / 1358AD. He died there, and in 793 AH
/ 1390AD, Mahmoud al-Khokhali took possession of Tabriz and inhabited the
Rashidian Quarter for a period of (6) months, and in a year 1019 16/1610 CE,
Shah Abbas I (d. 1039 AH / 1629 CE) saw the necessity of repairing and
reconstructing destroyed buildings in Tabriz, especially Shanab Ghazan, which
was destroyed and destroyed, then went to the Al-Rashidi quarter and turned it
into an impenetrable fortress and the governor of Tabriz was transferred to him
(Al-Hamadani, 2009; Al-Sayyad, 1967). The interest of statesmen in the rational
quarter, despite the devastation and devastation witnessed, confirms to us their
awareness of its importance and their commitment to Hamadan, who made a great
effort in building it, and this is why a number of them tried to work as much as
possible to try again, trying to restore its splendor and a small part of its cultural
and scientific role as it was. In the past, it was stated in the statements of the
French tourist Chardin, who visited the city of Tabriz in the year 1084 AH / 1673
CE, "It appears outside Tabriz on the east side of the ruins of a desolate castle
named Rashidiya. Shah Abbas had built this castle and brought it to its first state
of construction, but the Safavid sultans after it did not They see the interest in the
reconstruction of this castle Koha intact even ruined" (Al- Hamadani 2009;
Sweilem, 2016; Al-Sayyad,1967) , And the ruins of this quarter remain so far in
the east of Tabriz tell it was once represented the greatest institution for charity
and righteousness in Iran, and that the history of this region track record, both
before Islam or after, has not seen a building held for the benefit of humanity with
this degree of grandeur and magnificence of such Construction, and so far people
call this place Errachidia (Al- Sayyad, 1967).
Conclusions
1- The interest of statesmen and intellectuals in the establishment of educational and
educational institutions during the era of the Ilkhanids, especially the Minister

Vol.12, No.2s, 2020, 2235-2249
Rashid al-Din al-Hamdhani, who established the Rashidiyya Quarter to be an
educational institution and a residential city at the same time.
2- Al-Hamdhani spent a lot of money and from his own wealth to build the Rashid
quarter to compete with other educational institutions and became a university in
which you study various human and mental sciences.
3- The Rashid quarter contained educational and service institutions such as
hospitals, bathrooms, parks, markets, and mosques, as well as homes, libraries,
and schools.
4- Al-Hamdhani brought a large number of scholars, jurists and doctors to teach in
the schools of this quarter and live in it with their families, and he built for them
an encouragement role for them to settle in.
5- Al-Hamdhani stopped the money on the quarter and wrote a waqf in his plan,
explaining everything related to this quarter and its institutions.
6- In spite of the devastation suffered by the Rashid Quarter after the death of Al-
Hamdhani in the year 717 AH / 1317 CE, generations still remember his greatness
and the great services he provided to intellectuals, scholars and learners.
7- A number of statesmen have taken care of the restoration and reconstruction of
the Rashidi quarter after the devastation witnessed after the death of Al-
Hamdhani in an attempt to restore his cultural scientific role, and encourage
science students and scholars to visit him and hold their scientific seminars in his
schools and other scientific institutions.
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