This document discusses child labor, including forms of child labor like slavery and debt bondage, causes like poverty and low wages, and consequences like physical injuries and long term health problems. It provides statistics on the global prevalence of child labor, noting that 152 million children are victims of child labor worldwide. Regarding Pakistan specifically, it states that out of 40 million children in Pakistan, approximately 19 million are child laborers, with over 12.5 million involved in hazardous work. The document also outlines relevant laws in Pakistan and internationally, as well as ways to prevent child labor like providing education and awareness programs.

1. PRESENTED TO:
MA’AM MEHAK
PRESENTED BY:
IQRA IRSHAD
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2. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Forms of child labor
 Risk factors/ causes
 Consequences of child labor
 Prevalence of child labor globally
 Child labor in Pakistan
 Laws
 Prevention of child labor
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3. WHAT IS CHILD LABOUR?
 Negation of childhood and child
education and development
 Harms them or exploits them in
someway
(physically, mentally, socially,
morally)
 Lack of potential and dignity
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4. A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS
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5. FORMS OF CHILD LABOUR
 Slavery
 Child trafficking
(sexual exploitation & prostitution)
 Debt bondage
 Serfdom (status of many peasants under feudalism)
 Forced labour
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6. CAUSES
 Illiteracy
 Poverty
 Unemployment
 Low wages
 Excess population
 Business advantage
 Failure of laws
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7. CONSEQUENCES FOR CHILDREN
 Physical injuries
 Pesticide poisoning
 Growth deficiency
 Long term health problems
 Sexually transmitted diseases
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8. PREVALENCE OF CHILD LABOUR
 Worldwide 218 million children between 5 and 17 years are in employment.
Among them, 152 million are victims of child labour; almost half of them, 73 million, work
in hazardous child labour (ILO, 2017).
 According to International Labor Organization (2017), prevalence of child labor is: 1 in 5
children in Africa (19.6%) are in child labor, whilst prevalence in other regions is between
3% and 7%: 2.9% in the Arab States (1 in 35 children); 4.1% in Europe and Central Asia (1
in 25); 5.3%in the Americas (1 in 19) and 7.4% in Asia and the Pacific region (1 in 140).
 Child labor is concentrated primarily in agriculture (71%), which includes fishing, forestry,
livestock herding and aquaculture, and comprises both subsistence and commercial
farming; 17% in Services; and 12% in the Industrial sector, including mining (ILO, 2017).
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9. CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN
 According to a survey conducted by the Federal Bureau of Statistics (, out
of the estimated 40 million children in Pakistan, approximately 19 million
are working as child labourers.
 More than 12.5 million children are involved in child labor in
Pakistan. According to Reuters, “Pakistan’s Labor Force Survey (2014-15)
showed that of those children aged between 10 and 14 years active in child
labor, 61 percent were boys and 88 percent came from rural areas”.
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10. LAWS FOR ELIMINATION OF CHILD
LABOUR IN PAKISTAN
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 Act 2016 – Punjab restriction on employment of children was implemented to
prohibit the employment of children and to restrict the employment of
adolescents in certain occupations and processes.
 Constitutional Provisions:
1. Article 11(3): No child below the age of 14 years shall be engaged in any factory
or mine or any other hazardous employment.
2. Article 25(A): The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all
children of the age of five to sixteen years in such manner as determined by law.
 National Education Policy: It focuses on increasing the literacy rate and
providing livelihood skills to children, including those engaged in child labor.
Aims to expand non-formal and vocational education programs to children,
including child laborers.(63)

11. INTERNATIONAL LAWS FOR
ELIMINATION OF CHILD LABOR
 ILO Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention (No. 182)
ILO Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention No. 182 requires ratifying countries
to take immediate action to prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labor
defined as: all forms of slavery, commercial sexual exploitation of children, and any
work that by its nature is harmful to the health, safety, or morals of children.
 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (Crc)
The CRC is a human rights treaty that comprehensively establishes the rights of
children. Under the CRC, a child is anyone under the age of 18, unless otherwise
noted in national legislation. Notably, the United States and Somalia are the only two
countries that have yet to ratify the CRC.
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12. HOW CAN WE STOP CHILD LABOR?
 Review national laws regarding child labor.
 Create awareness
 Check the age of your employees.
 Provide education to children
 Identify hazardous work
 Stop hiring children below the minimum age.
 Donating to NGO’s
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13. THANK YOU
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