"Small people, Big problems"

1. CHILD
LABOR
Small people,
BIG PROBLEMS

2. Defined by ILO-IPEC (International Labour Organization -
International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour )
"work situations where children are compelled to work on a regular
basis to earn a living for themselves and their families, and as a result
are disadvantaged educationally and socially; where children work in
conditions that are exploitative and damaging to their health and to
their physical and mental development; where children are separated
from their families, often deprived of educational and training
opportunities; where children are forced to lead prematurely adult
lives."

3. In a more specific sense…
It refers to the employment of
children in any work that deprives
children of their childhood,
interferes with their ability to
attend regular school, and is
mentally, physically, socially or
morally dangerous and harmful.

4. Child Labor VS Child work
*Hazardous work *Light work (children learn to
(exploitative) take responsibility
*Deprivation of rights to *Respect of rights to health and
Health and education education
*Constant and for long hours *Occasional
*illegal *Legal

5. FACTS AND FIGURES (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• 5.59 million child laborers toiling in the Philippines and almost all of
them are working in hazardous conditions, according to a survey
financed by the International Labor Organization (ILO).
• Of those 5.59 million children at work, 3.028 million were considered
as child laborers and 2.993 million were reported to be exposed to
hazardous child labor.

6. FACTS (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• Children work primarily in the production of sugarcane, coconuts, and
other plants. Many children in these type of agriculture work long
hours in extreme weather, use dangerous machinery and tools, carry
heavy loads, and apply harmful pesticides
• Children are also involved in mining and quarrying, deep-sea fishing,
manufacturing pyrotechnics, illicit activities such as the trafficking of
drugs, streets works and as scavengers in dumpsites, illicit activities
such as the trafficking of drugs and child soldiering.

7. FACTS (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• Children are commonly employed as domestic servants or
kasambahay/katabang. Many child domestics works long hours, and
their isolation in homes makes them susceptible to sexual harassment
and verbal and physical abuse.
• Children, primary girls, are trafficked domestically from rural to urban
areas for forced domestic service and commercial sexual exploitation.
Emerging reports indicate that boys are increasingly trafficked for
commercial sexual exploitation, particularly for child pornography.

8. FACTS AND FIGURES (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• the child scavengers suffer from tetanus infections, while those
engaged in prostitution get constantly exposed to sexually
transmitted diseases and maltreatment from sadistic customers
• On the average, children work from 4 to 6 hours a day, earn below
P1,000 per month, and are paid in "pakyaw" or piece rate.
• Of the children in the informal sector who work on their own
account, those involved in street trades suffer not only from sickness
due to exposure to heat, rain, dust and fumes, but also from the risk
of vehicular accidents and from frequent molestation and harassment
by peers, adult syndicates and even law enforcers.

9. FACTS (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• Child labour not only entails physical repercussions such as stunted
growth and diseases, but also certain psycho-social effects.
• The work, in which many children are engaged in, distorts their
values, leads to loss of dignity and self-confidence, and exposes them
to anti-social behavior. Due to long hours of work, their emotional
and personal development is retarded and their creative thinking
limited.

10. FACTS AND FIGURES (Child Labor Situation in the Phil.)
• Child labour also takes its toll on the education of the working
children. Out of the 70% of the country's working children who are
still able to go to school, half experience problems of high costs of
education (28.7%), distance (23.8%), and difficulty in catching up with
lessons (22.1%). Working students complain of low grades (41.4%),
absenteeism (25.3%), and tardiness (26%). Working students tend to
be chronic drop-outs.

11. FACTS AND FIGURES (In General)
• There are about 211 million children between the ages of 5 and 14
are working around the world according to the International Labor
Organization
• Of these, 120 million children are working full time to help support
their impoverished families. Although child labor is most common in
the Global South, it is found throughout the world, these children are
often exposed to conditions extremely harmful to their physical and
mental well-being.

12. Causes
• Child labor is rooted in poverty and the lack of economic
opportunities.
• The transmission of skills from parents and the evolution of proper
attitudes to work are some of the considered social contributions of
child labor.
• Another reason why children work is the failures in the education
system. Poor schooling has little credibility for many families since it
does not promote economic improvement.
• Another major factor in the increase in the number of working
children is the demand for child workers. Employers know all too well
the advantages of employing children.

13. Possible Solution
Awareness must be raised and parents should pay attention to the
education of their children.
The education of children should be free of cost
Child Labor Laws should be strictly put into practice by the
government.
If we want success then we have to act upon these principles and then
our country can easily get rid of this problem.

14. RA7658 (Prohibition of the Employment of
Children)
• States Parties recognize the right of the child to be protected from
economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to
be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be
harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or
social development.
• States Parties shall take legislative, administrative, social and
educational measures to ensure the implementation of the present
article. To this end, and having regard to the relevant provisions of the
other international instruments, States Parties shall in particular:

15. RA7658 (Prohibition of the Employment of
Children)
• Provide for a minimum age or minimum wages for admissions to
employment;
• Provide for appropriate regulation of the hours and conditions or
employment;
• Provide for appropriate penalties or other sanctions to ensure the
effective enforcement of the present article.

16. Child And Youth Welfare Code (P.D. 603)
• (# 8 of Art. 3 ) Every child has the right to protection against
exploitation, improper influences, hazards and other conditions or
circumstances prejudicial to his physical, mental, emotional, social
and moral development.
R.A. 7610
THE CHILD PROTECTION CODE
Article VIII Working Children
Section. 14. Prohibition on the Employment of Children in Certain
Advertisements. No person shall employ child models in all
commercials or advertisements promoting alcoholic beverages,
intoxicating drinks, tobacco and its by-products, and violence.

17. Republic Act No. 9231
• AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ELIMINATION OF THE WORST FORMS OF
CHILD LABOR AND AFFORDING STRONGER PROTECTION FOR THE
WORKING CHILD, AMENDING FOR THIS PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACTNO.
7610, AS AMENDED, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "SPECIAL
PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION
AND DISCRIMINATION ACT"

18. Act No. 3071
“ An Act to Regulate the Employment of Women and Children in Shops,
Factories, Industrial, Agricultural and Mercantile Establishments and
other place of Labor in the Philippine Islands, to Provide Penalties for
Violations Hereof and for other purposes.”
Revised Penal Code (Art. 273)
“Exploitation of Child Labour”
R.A. 679
“An Act to Regulate the Employment of Women and Children, to
Provide Penalties for Violation Hereof, and for other Purposes”
Revised Penal Code (Art. 278)
“Exploitation of Minors”

19. ILO Convention Nos. 59, 77, and 90
P.D. 148
P.D. 442 Labour Code
P.D. 603 Child and Youth Welfare Code
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child
R.A. 7610 The Child Protection Law

20. The End…