The document provides an overview of several major perspectives on personality psychology:
- The psychoanalytic perspective focuses on unconscious motivations and how early childhood experiences shape personality. Freud's theories of the id, ego, and superego are discussed as well as defense mechanisms.
- The humanistic perspective emphasizes self-actualization and unconditional positive regard. Theories from Maslow and Rogers are covered.
- The trait perspective views personality as consisting of consistent patterns of behaviors and enduring dispositions. Allport's work identifying traits is mentioned.
- Additional topics include assessing the unconscious, evaluating different perspectives, and the social cognitive view of reciprocal influences on personality.
prosocialbehaviour
Voluntary actions that are intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals”
It is performed to benefit others by helping, sharing or comforting.
ALTRUISM:
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
When one person helps another person for
no reward, and even at some cost to oneself. This cost can be time, energy, effort or wealth etc.
Altruism involves no benefit of helper and hence it is selfless help.
Introduction to Social Psychology
I used local and foreign books. Some concepts are not mentioned here in my slides but will be discussed during our session.
If you want to know the resources feel free to comment below.
prosocialbehaviour
Voluntary actions that are intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals”
It is performed to benefit others by helping, sharing or comforting.
ALTRUISM:
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
When one person helps another person for
no reward, and even at some cost to oneself. This cost can be time, energy, effort or wealth etc.
Altruism involves no benefit of helper and hence it is selfless help.
Introduction to Social Psychology
I used local and foreign books. Some concepts are not mentioned here in my slides but will be discussed during our session.
If you want to know the resources feel free to comment below.
According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings" (1985).
Briefly this field has been discussed.
Five factor/OCEAN model by Robert McCrae and Paul CostaMèhshara Khan
The Big Five Factor a.k.a OCEAN Model by Robert McCrae and Paul Costa including its history, timeline and details of all five factors: Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism
Definition of Social Psychology
Nature of Social Psychology
Scope of Social Psychology
Social Psychology and Social Sciences
Approaches to Social Psychology.
Human psychology an intriguing subject in which a very important aspect is how we recognize and tend to form impressions about our environment and other individuals in the social world is brilliantly explained in this chapter summarized in a visual format.
Obedience is compliance with commands given by an authority figure. In the 1960s, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram did a famous research study called the obedience study.
It showed that people have a strong tendency to comply with authority figures.
According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings" (1985).
Briefly this field has been discussed.
Five factor/OCEAN model by Robert McCrae and Paul CostaMèhshara Khan
The Big Five Factor a.k.a OCEAN Model by Robert McCrae and Paul Costa including its history, timeline and details of all five factors: Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism
Definition of Social Psychology
Nature of Social Psychology
Scope of Social Psychology
Social Psychology and Social Sciences
Approaches to Social Psychology.
Human psychology an intriguing subject in which a very important aspect is how we recognize and tend to form impressions about our environment and other individuals in the social world is brilliantly explained in this chapter summarized in a visual format.
Obedience is compliance with commands given by an authority figure. In the 1960s, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram did a famous research study called the obedience study.
It showed that people have a strong tendency to comply with authority figures.
Presentation to the third LIS DREaM workshop, held at Edinburgh Napier university on Wednesday 25th April 2012.
More information about the event can be found at http://lisresearch.org/dream-project/dream-event-4-workshop-wednesday-25-april-2012/
Management- Personality and Advertising
Learning Objectives
Personality
Personality is consistent
Personality is prone to change
Theories of Personality
Freudian Theory
Neo-Freudian Personality Theory
Trait Theory
Soup and Soup Lover’s Traits
Sigmund Freud and The Psychoanalytic Therapy 101Russell de Villa
Pretty much a 'simple' presentation showing the concept of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and a couple of techniques that come along with it. Used only for more 'advanced' learners in the field of Psychology.
This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
14. Model of Mind The mind is like an iceberg. It is mostly hidden, and below the surface lies the unconscious mind. The preconscious stores temporary memories.
22. Defense Mechanisms 3. Reaction Formation causes the ego to unconsciously switch unacceptable impulses into their opposites. People may express feelings of purity when they may be suffering anxiety from unconscious feelings about sex. 4. Projection leads people to disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.
23. Defense Mechanisms 5. Rationalization offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one’s actions. 6. Displacement shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, redirecting anger toward a safer outlet.
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44. Factor Analysis Cattell found that large groups of traits could be reduced down to 16 core personality traits based on statistical correlations. Impulsive Excitement Impatient Irritable Boisterous Basic trait Superficial traits
51. Questions about the Big Five Yes. Conscientious people are morning type and extraverted are evening type. 4. Can they predict other personal attributes? These traits are common across cultures. 3. How about other cultures? Fifty percent or so for each trait. 2. How heritable are they? Quite stable in adulthood. However, they change over development. 1. How stable are these traits?
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Editor's Notes
OBJECTIVE 1 | Define personality .
OBJECTIVE 2 | Explain how Freud’s experiences in private practice led to his theory of psychoanalysis.
OBJECTIVE 3 | Discuss Freud’s view of the mind as an iceberg, and explain how he used this image to represent conscious and unconscious regions of the mind.
OBJECTIVE 4 | Describe Freud’s view of personality structure, and discuss the interactions of the id, ego and the superego.
OBJECTIVE 5 | Identify Freud’s psychosexual stages of development, and describe the effects of fixation on behavior.
OBJECTIVE 6 | Describe the function of defense mechanisms, and identify six of them.
OBJECTIVE 7 | Contrast the views of the neo-Freudians and psychodynamic theorists with those of Freud’s original theory.
OBJECTIVE 8 | Describe two projective tests used to assess personality, and discuss some criticisms of them.
OBJECTIVE 9 | Summarize psychology’s current assessment of Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis.
OBJECTIVE 10 | Summarize Abraham Maslow’s concept of self-actualization, and explain how his ideas illustrate the humanistic perspective.
OBJECTIVE 11 | Discuss Carl Roger’s person-centered perspective, and explain the importance of unconditional positive regard.
OBJECTIVE 12 | Explain how humanistic psychologists assessed personality.
OBJECTIVE 13 | State the major criticism of the humanistic perspective on personality.
OBJECTIVE 14 | Describe the trait and perspective’s contribution to personality research.
OBJECTIVE 15 | Describe some of the ways psychologists have attempted to compile a list of basic personality traits.
OBJECTIVE 16 | Explain how psychologists use personality inventories to assess traits, and discuss the most widely used of these inventories.
OBJECTIVE 17 | Identify the Big Five personality factors, and discuss some of the strengths of this approach to studying personality.
OBJECTIVE 18 | Summarize the person-situation controversy, and explain its importance as a commentary on the trait perspective.
OBJECTIVE 19 | Explain why psychologists are interested in the consistency of the trait expressiveness.
OBJECTIVE 20 | Define reciprocal determinism, and explain how it illustrates the social-cognitive perspective.
OBJECTIVE 21 | Discuss the effects of a perception of internal or external control, and describe the concept of learned helplessness.
OBJECTIVE 22 | Discuss the link between performance and optimistic or pessimistic attributional styles, and contrast positive psychology with humanistic psychology.