This chapter discusses stress and health from Myers' Psychology textbook. It covers topics such as behavioral medicine, health psychology, the body's stress response, stress appraisal, stressful life events, perceived control, stress and disease, and ways to promote health including exercise, social support, and weight control. The key themes are how stress can impact physical health and illness, and research-backed strategies for managing stress and maintaining well-being.
Slides used in support of a capstone course given to 3-4 yr resident physicians in psychiatry, neurology and family medicine on the topic of the endocrine, immune and nervous system links to multiple diseases and disease states.
A presentation outlining wellness concepts, the long-term effects of stress on our body and how we can convert it into increased energy and performance.
Stress is upcoming major disease initiator be it Diabetes, Hypertension or even Cancers. Indian life style has been known to avert all these state by Yoga, Less use of Physical modes and a restricted diet.
Slides used in support of a capstone course given to 3-4 yr resident physicians in psychiatry, neurology and family medicine on the topic of the endocrine, immune and nervous system links to multiple diseases and disease states.
A presentation outlining wellness concepts, the long-term effects of stress on our body and how we can convert it into increased energy and performance.
Stress is upcoming major disease initiator be it Diabetes, Hypertension or even Cancers. Indian life style has been known to avert all these state by Yoga, Less use of Physical modes and a restricted diet.
Between suffering and survival: understanding the dynamic links among physica...Mark Sullivan
In the presentation, I argue that human physical survival depends on social survival, so our brains have evolved to make both physical and social injury painful. Our endogenous opioid system modulates both forms of pain to promote both forms of survival.
Between suffering and survival: understanding the dynamic links among physica...Mark Sullivan
In the presentation, I argue that human physical survival depends on social survival, so our brains have evolved to make both physical and social injury painful. Our endogenous opioid system modulates both forms of pain to promote both forms of survival.
lecture 27 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, Seyle
This is a presentation made on stress and related problems related to physiological aspects of it. It also explains General Adaption Syndrome i.e our bodies response to stressor hormone like Oxytocin and cortisol in basic 3 stages, also some of the sympathetic and parasympathetic functions. It gives you general idea about the "Stress curve" .
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
1. Myers’ PSYCHOLOGY
(7th Ed)
Chapter 14
Stress and Health
James A. McCubbin, PhD
Clemson University
Worth Publishers
2. Stress and Health
Behavioral Medicine
interdisciplinary field that integrates
behavioral and medical knowledge and
applies that knowledge to health and disease
Health Psychology
subfield of psychology that provides
psychology’s contribution to behavioral
medicine
4. Stress and Illness
Stress
the process by
which we
perceive and
respond to
certain events,
called stressors,
that we appraise
as threatening or
challenging
5. Stress Appraisal
Appraisal Response
Threat
(“Yikes! This is Panic, freeze up
beyond me!”)
Stressful event
(tough math test)
Challenge
(“I’ve got to apply Aroused, focused
all I know”)
6. Cerebral cortex
(perceives stressor)
Thalamus Pituitary hormone in the
bloodstream stimulates
Hypothalamus the outer part of the adrenal
gland to release the stress
hormone cortisol
Pituitary gland
Sympathetic nervous
system releases the
stress hormones
epinephrine and
norepinephrine
from nerve endings
in the inner part of
the adrenal glands
Adrenal glands
7. Stress and Illness
The body’s resistance to stress can
last only so long before exhaustion sets in General
Adaptation
Syndrome
Stress
resistance Selye’s concept
of the body’s
Stressor
occurs
adaptive
response to
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 stress in three
Alarm
reaction
Resistance
(cope with
Exhaustion
(reserves stages
(mobilize stressor) depleted)
resources)
8. Stressful Life Events
Catastrophic Events
earthquakes, combat stress, floods
Life Changes
death of a loved one, divorce, loss of job,
promotion
Daily Hassles
rush hour traffic, long lines, job stress,
burnout
10. Perceived Control
Health consequences of a loss of control
“Executive” rat “Subordinate” rat Control rat
To shock control To shock source No connection
to shock source
12. Stress and the Heart
Coronary Heart Disease
clogging of the vessels that
nourish the heart muscle
leading cause of death in many
developed countries
13. Stress and the Heart
Hopelessness 3.5
scores Men who feel extreme hopelessness
3 are at greater risk for heart attacks
and early death
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Heart attack Death
Low risk Moderate risk High risk
14. Stress and the Heart
Type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for
competitive, hard-driving, impatient,
verbally aggressive, and anger-prone
people
Type B
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for
easygoing, relaxed people
16. Stress and Disease
Psychophysiological Illness
“mind-body” illness
any stress-related physical illness
some forms of hypertension
some headaches
distinct from hypochondriasis--
misinterpreting normal physical
sensations as symptoms of a disease
17. Stress and Disease
Lymphocytes
two types of white blood cells that are
part of the body’s immune system
B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow
and release antibodies that fight bacterial
infections
T lymphocytes form in the thymus and,
among other duties, attack cancer cells,
viruses, and foreign substances
19. Stress and Disease
Negative emotions and health-related
consequences
Heart
disease
Persistent stressors
Release of stress Immune
and negative
hormones suppression
emotions
Unhealthy behaviors Autonomic nervous
system effects
(smoking, drinking, (headaches,
poor nutrition and sleep) hypertension)
20. Promoting Health
Aerobic Exercise
Depression 14
No-treatment
score group
13
sustained
12
11
10
9
Relaxation
treatment
exercise that
8
Aerobic
group
increases heart
7
6
exercise
group and lung fitness
5
4
3 Before treatment After treatment
evaluation evaluation
21. Promoting Health
Biofeedback
system for
electronically
recording,
amplifying, and
feeding back
information
regarding a subtle
physiological state
blood pressure
muscle tension
22. Promoting Health
Modifying Type A life-style can reduce
recurrence of heart attacks
Percentage 6
of patients Control patients
with recurrent 5 Modifying life-style
heart attacks reduced recurrent
(cumulative 4 heart attacks
average)
3
2
Life-style modification patients
1
0
1978 1979 1980 1981 1982
Year
23. Promoting Health
Social support across the life span
Percentage
with high
support 100%
90
80
70
60
50
12-14 18-19 25-34 45-54 65-74
15-17 20-24 35-44 55-64 75+
Age in years
24. Life events
Personal appraisal
Challenge Threat
Personality type
Easy going Hostile
Nondepressed Depressed
Optimistic Pessimistic
Personality habits
Nonsmoking Smoking
Regular exercise Sedentary
Good nutrition Poor nutrition
Level of social support
Close, enduring Lacking
Tendency toward
Health Illness
25. Promoting Health
Predictors of mortality
1
Relative
risk 0.8
of dying
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Not smoking Regular exercise Weekly religious
attendance
Men Women
27. Promoting Health
The religion factor is mulitidimensional
Healthy
behaviors
(less smoking,
drinking)
Social support Better health
Religious (faith (less immune system
involvement communities, suppression, stress
marriage) hormones, and suicide)
Positive
emotions
(less stress,
anxiety)
28. Promoting Health
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine
unproven health care treatments not
taught widely in medical schools, not
used in hospitals, and not usually
reimbursed by insurance companies
29. Subfields of Alternative Medicine
Alternative systems of Health care ranging from self-care according to folk principles,
medical practice to care rendered in an organized health care system based on
alternative traditions or practices
Bioelectromagnetic The study of how living organisms interact with electromagnetic
applications (EM) fields
Diet, nutrition, The knowledge of how to prevent illness, maintain health, and
life-style changes reverse the effects of chronic disease through dietary or
nutritional intervention
Herbal medicine Employing plan and plant products from folk medicine traditions
for pharmacological use
Manual healing Using touch and manipulation with the hands as a diagnostic
and therapeutic tool
Mind-body control Exploring the mind’s capacity to affect the body, based on
traditional medical systems that make use of the interconnected-
ness of mind and body
Pharmacological and Drugs and vaccines not yet accepted by mainstream medicine
biological treatments
30. Promoting Health
Smoking-related early deaths
40,000
Number
33,348
of deaths
per 100,000 30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1,686 1,135 556 202
Smoking Suicide Vehicle HIV/ Homicide
crash AIDS
Cause of death
34. Smoking Prevention
Results of a smoking inoculation program
Percentage 20
of students
who smoke 15
Control school Fewer teens took up
10
smoking when “inoculated”
against it
5
0 School with smoking
Prevention program
0 4 9 12 16 21 33
Seventh grade Eighth grade Ninth grade
Months of study
36. Obesity and Weight
Control
Obesity and mortality
2.8
Relative
2.6
risk of
2.4
death
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
18.5 18.5- 20.5- 22.0- 23.5- 25.0- 26.5- 28.0- 30.0- 32.0- 35.0- 40
20.4 21.9 23.4 24.9 26.4 27.9 29.9 31.9 34.9 39.9
Body-mass index (BM I)
Men Women
37. Weight Discrimination
7
6
Willingness When women
to hire scale
(from1:
5
applicants were
definitely
not hire to
4 made to look
7: definitely 3 overweight,
hire)
subjects were less
2
willing to hire
1
0
Women Men
Normal Overweight
38. Weight Control
Effects of a severe diet
Metabolism:
Caloric Body Oxygen
intake weight consumption
in in in liters
calories kilograms per hour
per day 165 26
3000
160 25
2000 155 24
150 23
1000
145 22
0 140 21
8 16 24 32 8 16 24 32 8 16 24 32
Days Days Days
41. Weight Control
10
Weight 5 Starting
point
Most lost
change
in pounds 0
Normal trend for untreated obese
weight is
people: Gradually rising weight regained
-5
-10
-15 After participation in behavioral
Program: Much of initial weight
loss regained
-20
Post
treatment 1 2 3 4 5
Years of follow-up
42. Weight Control
Skinfold fat Obesity was
measure (mm) 32
more
30
common
28 among those
26 who watched
24 the most
22
television
20
<2 2-3 >4
Hours of television watched per day
in 1990s study
Boys Girls