Spreadsheet programs allow users to enter numeric data into a grid of rows and columns called a worksheet. This data can then be used for calculations using formulas. Formulas begin with an equal sign and can reference cell addresses to perform operations like addition, averaging, finding the highest/lowest values. Common spreadsheet functions make complex calculations easier. Spreadsheets save data for future use and allow visualization through charts and tables. They are useful for tasks like accounting, data analysis, and personal finance management.

2.  WHAT IS SPREADSHEET?
Spreadsheet program or spreadsheet software is used for
Calculation,it provides worksheet or a interface to the user to
enter data,allows you to make calculations,and saves data for
future use.
We can also display our data using charts and table…

3. DATA USING TABLE AND CHART
Maths Bit b.mngt e.gm
Syra ch 45 60 60 45
Ezza
aftab
50 50 45 40
Tyaba
arooj
60 60 49 40
Maryam 70 50 56 46
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
SYRA CH EZZA AFTAB TAYYABA MARYAM
MATTHS BIT B.MNGT E.MG

4.  APPLICATION OF SPREADSHEET
 It can be used to track profit and losses
 Economists can generates growrh graphs of
country’s economy
 Women can manage their household budgets .

5.  ADVANTAGES OF SPREADSHEET
 It increases the ease speed of calculating.
 It makes it easy to modify information and
recalculate automatically.
 Displays numeric data as a chart or graphs;

6.  DISADVANTAGES OF
SPREADSHEET
 Spreadsheet can not process large volume of
data.
 It doesn’t provide much programming facilities

7.  FUNDAMENTALS OF
SPREADSHEET
 Electronic spreadsheets are useful for all types of
personal and business applications
 Screen display of the spreadsheet divided into
three areas:
1. Control panel.
2. the worksheet area.
3. The status line.

8.  The control panel helps user with data entry ,
editing , formatting and processing activities.
 Typically , a spreadsheet’s control panel usually
comprises three lines:
1. Command menu
2. The icon bar
3. Th data entry line.

9. 2: WORKSHEET AREA
It is an interface for the user or area where data is
entere.
spreadsheet consists of columns and rows to enter
data.
A standard screen display usually holds about 20
rows of a worksheet,
But a spreadsheet or a worksheet with more rows
may, of course , be built…….

10. 3: STATUS LINE
Status line displays the active cell’s default font and
other formats , the current date and time , as well as
the spreadsheet’s active operating state , or mode.
1. Ready mode
2. Enter mode
3. Menu mode
4. Edit mode
5. Wait mode
6. Error mode
Are common modes of status line….

11.  DIFFERENT TYPES OF
DATA IN EXCEL
1) Label
2) Values
3) Dates
4) Formula
Are the some common types of data in excel….

12. 1: LABEL
Label are used to identify a value or series of values .
label are helpful in making the worksheets
meaningful. Formula can not be applied on lables .
College algebra Information
technology
Basic management

13. 2: VALUES
Values are usually numeric data typed in different cell.
The values can be whole number, decimals, negative
number some examples of values are 50,26.33,-
12etc.,
A B C
Marks
10 20 30

14. 3:DATES
Dates are values that can be used in calculations to
create new dates or calculate time intervals. An
example of dates is
1/1/2016.

15. 4:FORMULA
A formula is an expression that produces some
values. Formula may be very simple or extremely
complex .a formula begins with = an equal sign
followed by one or more values to calculate .

16.  ENTERING FORMULA IN
EXCEL
1. Click on the empty cell that will display the result of the
formula.
2. Type the equal sign.=
3. Type formula without any spaces e.g.,A1+A2+A3+A4.then
press the enter key. The result will appear in the cell while the
formula will be displayed in the formula bar.
4. If you change any value of a cell referenced in a formula , the
formula, will automatically recalculate and display the new
value.

17.  FUNCTION OF EXCELALL THE FORMULA IN SPREADSHEET ARE FUNCTION.
Function are built-in formulas that are used to
perform complicated calculations.
Example :
=D1+D2+D2+D3
The SUM function can be used to perform this
operation in a shorter way as follows:
=SUM(D1:D10)

18. IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS
CLICK function wizard button on standard toolbar(ƒX). The insert function dialog
box will appear. Some important functions are as follows:
Function Example Descriptions
SUM =SUM(A1:100) The sum of cell A1
through A100
AVERAGE =AVG(B1:B10) The avg of cells B1
through B10
MAX =MAX(C1:C2) Highest number
from C1 through
C100
MIN = MIN(D1:D100) Lowest number from
cells D1 to D100
TODAY =TODAY() Current date

19.  SPREADSHEET COMMANDS
1.Format:
Most spreadsheet programs have default worksheet
setting consisting of display formats for labels, value,
column widths ,and so on.
2. cut and copy:
The cut and paste commands, as the name indicate ,
allow the user to change the location of data or a
formula to another spreadsheet.
3. Saves and open command:
Worksheet stored on disk as part of an electronic
spreadsheet’s save command.
A saved worksheet can be opened , changed , and
saved under the original filename.

20. PRESENTED BY
 SYRA NASIR
 MARYAM
 YAZDAN SHAH
 MOIZ ALI KHAN
 SHAHZAIB

21.  THANK YOU ALL
A SPECIAL THANKS TO
SIR. “ZEESHAN ABBAS”