Large particles and bulk substances can move across membranes through three main processes: vesicle movement, exocytosis, and endocytosis. Vesicles containing proteins and lipids are produced in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and move to and fuse with the plasma membrane through exocytosis. Endocytosis involves the cell taking in extracellular fluid and its contents through invagination of the plasma membrane. Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis where the cell engulfs larger particles through membrane folding. Exocytosis and endocytosis provide a balance of membrane addition and withdrawal at the cell surface.